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Transcription and Translation
© copyright- All rights reserved www.cpalms.org
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Standard(s): • SC.912.L.16.5 Explain the basic processes of
transcription and translation, and how they result in the expression of genes.
Learning objectives: • Students will compare and contrast the processes
of transcription and translation.• Students will model how transcription and
translation lead to the expression of genes.
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DNARNAtranscriptiontranslationAmino acidProteinCodon/ anticodon
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Guiding question:
How are proteins made according to the code in DNA?
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Transcription
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Transcription in a nutshell
A pairs with UC pairs with G
RNA base paring rules
Occurs inside the nucleusSpecific gene is copied into mRNA One mRNA codes a single proteinEnd result is the code for a single protein
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Translation
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mRNA codon chart Alanine : AlaArganine: ArgAsparagine: AsnAspartic acid: AspCysteine: CysGlutamic acid: GluGlutamine: GlnGlycine: GlyHistidine: HistIsoleucine: IleLeucine: LeuLysine:LysMethionine: MetPhenylalanine:PheProline:ProSerine: SerThreonine: ThrTryptophan: TrpTyrosine:TyrValine:ValSTART: Met
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Translation in a nutshell
A pairs with UC pairs with G
RNA base paring rules
Occurs in the cytoplasmRequires a ribosome Ribosomal complex: ribosome + mRNA+ tRNAmRNA contains code for specific tRNADifferent tRNA’s bring different amino acids to the ribosomeEnd result is a protein
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How do you go from DNA to the color of your eyes?
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3 genes code for eye color
Enzyme (protein)That controls levels of melanin
Transcription and translation
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SummarizingI used to think … but now I know: Each student will answer: I used to think the color of the eyes came from…….. But now I know……. share with shoulder partner and the class