traditional buildings in umbria.meetingitcegliemessapica
TRANSCRIPT
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3T Traditions Through Time
2012-1 GR1-GRU06-10483-3
Traditional buildings in UmbriaCeglie Messapica 4/8 Sept 2013
Mara Quadraccia - Unitre of Amelia, Terni - Italy
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Umbria, the green heart of Italy, is a land of low mountains,gentle hills and small plains crossed by rivers and streams.
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The extended presence of natural waters is
limited to Lake Trasimeno and Lake Piedilucowhile the astonishing man-made Marmore
Waterfalls can be considered the first
hydraulic work and tallest man-made
waterfalls in the world with its 165 meters
height.
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In 271 BC, the Roman consul Manlius
Curius Dentatus made a canal (the
Curiano Trench) to divert the Velino
river stagnant waters from the above
plain into the natural cliff at Marmoreso the water fell into the Nera river
below.
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The natural beauty of the scenary
has been an unforgettable
attraction for visitors especially
during the Grand Tour: Goethe,
Corot, Handerson celebratedtheir impressions and Lord Byron
wrote a poem The roar of
waters! From the headlong height
Velino cleavers the wave-worn
precipice. The fall of waters!
Valnerina, John Smith, 1780
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Water has been a source of natural energy to drive the mills
for grinding cereals or olives along the streams and tributaries
of the main rivers and to support the essential and traditional
production of flour and oil.
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A typical example is the mill of Molanoce, anold water-mill set in a 12th century building, a
stone and wood structure dating back to the
late Roman period.
The place-name "Molanoce" indicates the
place where, in the Middle Ages, walnuts were
crushed to produce oil for votive lamps.
From the 17th century onward it became a
water-mill for grinding grain, spelt and maize.
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Water has also provided
the first hydroelectric
power as for the Plant of
Galleto, north of Terni.
Inaugurated in 1929 it
was built to provide
electricity to the steel
factory.
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But the typical landscape in
Umbria is characterized by
medieval villages that lay onRoman or pre-Roman
foundations.
Castles with their walls,fortresses with the towers for
defense are to be found very
often as a former protection of
valleys as in the Tiber valley that
used to form a natural border.
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Alviano castle, for example, combines both the
function of residence and defense: four towers at
each corner and an elegant courtyard inside.
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At the same the Benedictine and the Franciscan orders have
spread the architecture of convents built on the hill slopesamong the woods. There the monks not only took care of the
souls but also provided food for the populations often
threatened by invasions and raids: the buildings are then
provided not only as places where to pray but also with specific
rooms where to produce wine, store oil or process food.
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As it was int he Roman times traditional buildings have been
made of local stones,bricks and mortar and roofs have been
covered with wooden beams and tiles.
Romanesque churches have brought forward the building
technique of the ancient Romans: instead of sculptures
of heroes and decorative frescoes the interiors were painted
with religious subjects and the characters of the new
pantheon of Christianity.
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In the small Umbrian cities, still
proud of their former municipal
independence, the medieval
tower houses which rivalled inheight have been then used as
a basis for the Renaissance
palaces belonging to the most
outstanding noble families.
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The rivalry was then expressed with the
large dimension of the builidings, usually
3 floors with a basement of a former
Roman domus; and inside the
astonishing decorations of the ceilings
with frescoes celebrating the glories of
the attained nobility (Palazzo Petrignani,
Amelia).
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Palazzo Farrattini and Palazzo Venturelli in
Amelia, wonderful examples of Renaissance
palaces on Roman foundations, preserve the
remains of Roman buildings with mosaic in
their basements.
On the first floor a big hall with cotto floor is
frescoed with virtues, coat of arms and scenes
celebrating the families.
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Umbria is as region of stones and bricks, where
the buidlings can vary in color according to the
local area so pink stone in Assisi and grey stone in
the south.
Rural architecture, with the traditional farm
houses scatterd all over the countryside and on
the hills, have made our region charming and
attractive for those who enjoy living in contact
with nature.
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The casale, a building of two floors, was made of stone and malta, with
timber roof and tiles and cotto floors.
The ground floor was for the animals ,with two or three stables; the first floor
had a big kitchen with only a fireplace for heating and cooking and a sink
with no running water, then two smalll bedrooms and no toilet!! .
Once inhabited by the peasants, who lived on the poor resources of
agriculture and animal rearing, these buildings have been finely refurbished
and trasformed into elegant "casali " where today tourists can findgood accomodation and tasty food.
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Traditional buidings in Umbria, Unitre Amelia
Ceglie Messapica, September 2013
THANK YOU by
MARA, SARA
and
THE UNITRE OF AMELIA GROUP!!