towards a typology of internet governance socio-technical arrangements internet governance :...
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Towards a Typology of Internet Governance Socio-technical
Arrangements
Internet Governance : Transparency, Trust and Tools
Paris, June 12th, 2009
Romain BadouardFrancesca Musiani
Cécile MéadelLaurence Monnoyer-Smith
Socio-technical Arrangements
Internet Governance
Multistakeholderism
Openness
Technical Standards
Critical Resources
Normative procedures
Introduction
ICANN
FDI
IGF
AFNIC
W3CIETF
ENISA
Theory of Reflexive governance (Habermas, Beck)
Theoretical framework
Democratic Legitimacy
Role of Civil Society
Challenges in reflexive governance (Dedeurwaerdere)
Emergence of cooperative structures
Compromises between new and old forms of governance
Reflections on common goods (Delmas-Marty)
The study and the objectives of the IG3T workshop series
The aim of the study
The study of production of norms and standards in order to determine innovative coordination principles
The specificities of IG arrangements vis-à-vis more traditional forms of governance
Development of a methodological tool for research
Proposal of ideal-types of procedural behaviour
A process of dynamic co-construction between procedures and outcomes takes place
Reflexivity influences the establishment of new kinds of procedure
There is a link between openness, inclusiveness, and normative processes
Hypotheses
Actor/procedure
W3C IETF AFNIC ICANN FDI IGF ENISA
Three key moments
Integration : a certain number of actors gather around a particular IG-related issue
Normative Process : the format of the procedure is chosen and the norm produced
Assessment : the norm becomes operational and the procedure is assessed
Method
The codification of procedural criteria
Past works on codification : mostly of discourses
Attribution of numerical values
Organization in scales
Construction of axes and graphs
W3C IETF ICANN FDI AFNIC IGF ENISA INTEGRATION
Openness 3-Open to all with formal conditions
4-Open to all without
conditions 2-Cooptation
3,5-Open to all with monetary conditions
3,5-Open to all with monetary
conditions
3,5-Open to all with monetary
conditions
1-Designation by external
mechanisms
Variety 2 types of actors 5 types of
actors 4 types of actors 3 types of actors
3 types of actors
5 types of actors 2 types of actors
NORMATIVE PROCESS
Format of the procedure
2,5-Internal definition with advices from stakeholders
3-Consensus 2-Internal Definition
1,5-Internal definition with
external restraint
1,5- Internal definition with
external restraint
1,5- Internal definition with
external restraint
2-Internal definition
Production of the Norm
2-Units working in common by consensus
2-Units working in common by consensus
1,5-Independant units coordinated ex
post to reach a compromise
1,5- Independant units coordinated ex
post to reach a compromise
1,5- Independant
units coordinated ex post to reach a compromise
3-Consenus ar Large (involving
the public)
1-Independant units coordinated
ex post
Link between production and
decision 3-Imposition
2- adoptation
with reservation
3-Imposition 1-Recommandation 3-Imposition 1-
Recommandation 1,5-Strong
recommandation
ASSESSMENT
Feedback 2-Return by internal way
3-Return by internal and external way
3-Return by internal and external way
2-Return by internal way
2-Return by internal way
3-Return by internal and external way
2-Return by internal way
Accountability 3-Recommandation 4-Request 2,5-Advice
/recommandation 3-Recommandation 2-Advice 1-Not formalised 1-Not formalised
Integration
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5
Openness
Variety
W3C
ICANN
AFNIC
ENISA
IETF
FDI
IGF
Normative Process
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
W3C IETF ICANN FDI AFNIC IGF ENISA
Format of the Procedure Production of the norm Link between production and decision
Assessment
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
5
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5
Accountability
Feedback
W3C ICANN AFNIC ENISA IETF FDI IGF
Overall levels of performance
IETFIGF
FDIICANN
AFNICW3C
ENISA
84,28%
37,11% 52,83% 60,69%37,11% 52,83%
21,38%
70,80%
48,91%
27,01%
63,50%
56,21%
78,10%
34,31%
98,40%
90,99%
61,35%
53,94% 61,35%
39,12%
9,48%
Integration Normative ProcessAssessment
Towards a Typology
The expert type
The open type(s)
The hybrid type
Weak integration, collective work among involved actors, strong link between production and decision
High level of integration translating into the following stages more or less effectively
Good integration level but restrictive modalities of implication, possibility for feedback but no formal consideration guaranteed
Concluding Remarks
Involvement of a wide variety of actors ; importance of consensus-seeking
Reflexivity : relevant criterion to assess the link between norm and procedure
Observation in our three types of a reciprocal and interactive construction of norm and procedure