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Topic 3.4 Replication

Slide 1 – title page

Slide 2

-  When does DNA replication take place?

-  What are chromosomes made of?

-  Before mitosis all DNA must be replicated – why?

-  What are sister chromatids?

-  What are the stages of the entire cell cycle?

-  What does mitosis ensure?

-  What is cyotkinesis?

Slide 3

-  What does DNA helicase do?

-  “unzipping” really means what? 

Slide 4

-  What does DNA polymerase do?

-  DNA is a polymer – what does that mean?

-  What is the difference between the parent strand and the complementary strand?

Slide 5

-  What would a mistake in the order of bases result in?

-  Click on the image and build a DNA molecule

Slide 6

-  What is semi-conservative replication?

-  Click on the “how do we know this?” pic and summarize the findings of the presented

experiment. (4-5 sentences)

Slide 7

-  That was review – here begins the HL stuff 

-  Click on the links on these notes and on the slide – follow my (probably non-intuitiveinstructions)

-  Under “DNA replication” with the purple oval on it - it will take you to a site of folders. Click on

this link for a direct transport to the overview:

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/dna-rna2.swf  

-  Click on this link and then click on DNA replication

http://www.wiley.com//legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/animations.htm 

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-  The link on slide 7 that says “DNA replication fork” doesn’t work 

-  The final link on slide 7 (the yellow one) works well and will take you to where you need to go.

Slide 8

-  Why would replication take place in multiple locations in eukaryotes?

-  What are the areas of replication known as in a eukaryote?

-  How are these areas identified?

-  What are the proteins called that act as a attachment site for DNA helicase?

-  How is DNA replicated in prokaryotes?

-  Click on the bidirectional DNA replication link (watch it)

Slide 9-12

-  DNA replication moves in a __________________direction – this means the 5’ end of 

 _________________________

-  What is a deoxyonucleoside triphosphate? (you can google it) Describe this molecule in thespace below.

-  What type of a bond attaches the 5’ end to the 3’ carbon? 

-  Watch the video link on slide 12 - click on “how nucleotides are added in DNA replication” 

Slide 13

-  Replication on the lead strand is ___________

-  What is the exposed prime of the parent strand of the leading strand?

Slide 14

-  What enzyme is responsible for attaching new DNA nucleotides during replication?

-  Replication on the lagging (lag) strand leap frogs – what does that mean?

-  What is the exposed prime of the parent strand on the lagging strand?

-  What direction does replication move in?

-  What are used to mark positions on the lag strand?

Slide 15

-  What are the steps of replication on the leading strand?

o o o 

Slide 16

-  What does RNA primase do?

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-  What is the purpose of RNA primers in replication of the lag strand?

Slide 17

-  What attaches to the RNA primer?

-  What does DNA polymerase do once it reaches a new RNA primer?

-  What are Okazaki fragments?

Slide 18

-  What does DNA polymerase I do?

-  What does DNA ligase do?

-  Watch the DNA replication form video (upper right of slide)

-  Click on the image on the bottom of the slide – click on and watch the whole picture tab. Watch

the whole picture twice – pay attention to the enzymes involved.

Slide 19-20

-  Try to define all of these enzymes.

Slide 21 – good job!