Tool steelFOR MOULD MAKING, TOOL MAKING AND MACHINE BUILDING

Werkzeugstahl

Buderus Edelstahl Buderus Edelstahl

2 3

Buderus Edelstahl 2

Products 4

Production 10

Plastic mould steels 12

Die steels 18

Quality 23 TOOL STEELS WITH OUTSTANDING PROPERTIES

BUDERUS EDELSTAHL – QUALITY FROM A SINGLE SOURCE: The entire production process, from melting through to produc-tion of the end product, takes place at the Wetzlar site. This also applies to our high-quality tool steels. We melt the initial material from high-quality scrap steel in our own steel plant and process the ingots in the open die forging. The heat treatment and mech-anical processing also take place directly on-site. All production steps are precisely coordinated. This saves time, makes the product handover easier and makes us flexible and reliable. The short communication paths between quality assurance, pro - duction planning, production and sales enable smooth order processing.

The expectations of our customers have the highest priority at every stage. As a competent partner, we are available for all application queries and work with our customers to find suitable solutions for specific requirements. We produce tried-and-tested standard products, as well as individual tool steels, which we can also develop according to the specifications of our customers. Small batch sizes are no problem for us. The success of Buderus Edelstahl is based on a high level of flexibility, reliability and service, as well as on a transparent quality assurance system.

CONTENTS

Products Products

4 5

THE NUMBER ONE FOR PLASTIC MOULD STEELIn the field of plastic mould steel, Buderus Edelstahl is the market leader in Germany and Europe. We supply our plastic mould steel in round, square or flat formats and either un- treated or prepared according to the wishes of the customer. Moulds made from our steel are used to manufacture small multicavity moulds in the pharmaceutical industry, for example, right through to the production of large parts such as bumpers.

TAILORED TO MEET EVEN THE HIGHEST DEMANDSWhether plastic mould steels, die steels or hot working steels – our customers from the mould and tool making industry appre- ciate the high quality and versatility of our products. Our tool steels are used to make high-quality moulds for interior and exterior parts in the automotive industry, for example, large dies for forging ship crank-shafts and moulding tools for light metal processing.

Tool steels from Buderus Edelstahl are characterized in parti- cular by their ISO-B quality. Thanks to their extremely low sulphur content and high degree of purity, they fulfill even the most demanding surface requirements. Detailed technical information on our tool steels is available in our material data sheets. Where necessary, we also develop individual tool steels tailored to specified requirements in close cooperation with our customers.

In our store in Wetzlar, we stock tool steel ingots with weights of up to 70 t. Our permanent stock includes all standard round and flat formats, from which we produce blanks with widths of up to 2 m. This means that we are always able to fulfill require-ments flexibly and reliably even at short notice.

Our tool steel range is complemented by the products from our long-standing partner Deville Rectification. The portfolio includes high-quality milled and ground plates, as well as ingots made from steel, stainless special steel and aluminium. The short lead times guarantee maximum customer satisfaction.

The benefits of our tool steel:

high degree of micro-purity

low amount of trace elements

low segregation

narrow tolerance limits

excellent etch-graining and polishing properties

Products Products

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THE PERFECT STEEL FOR ANY DIEWe work with our customers to define the stress profile of the requested die steel (Figure 1) and use this as the basis for selecting the right product. For applications requiring a high wear resistance, for example, we recommend steels with a higher level of carbide-forming elements in the alloy, such as vanadium, molybdenum and chromium (Figure 2). We divide our die steels into two groups based on their tempering characteristics: nickel alloy and special carbide steels (Figure 3).

Our special steels HIPERDIE® and 9966 SUPER C are a particular favourite with our customers. The hot working steel HIPERDIE® with excellent thermal strength is recommended for small and medium-sized dies with high levels of wear stress. Our patented die steel 9966 SUPER C (DE 195 31 260) is particularly well suited for fracture-prone dies and crack-prone plastic moulds due to its high level of toughness and wear-resistance.

Figure 2 Impact of the alloy content of traditional die steels on die wear

Temperature 250 °C | alloy code | 2Cr + 5W + 10Mo + 40V

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Die

wea

r (µ

m)

Alloy code

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

276

6

2714

234

3

260

6

234

4

236

5

236

7

2714

MO

D

274

4

Figure 1 Stress profile of the die tools

Mechanical die stress

Thermal die stress

Deformation • Crack formation • Fracture

Wear • Deformation • Temperature change cracks

Mechanically induced stress state

Relative movement die / forging

SofteningThermally induced

stress state

Mechanical stress

Thermal stress

70

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

~565

~485

~425

~375

~330

Har

dn

ess

(HR

C)

Har

dn

ess

(HB

)

Figure 3Tempering properties of different alloy types

NiCrMoV Die steels

CrMoV Hot working steels

Tempering temperature (°C )

0 200 400 600 800

HOT WORKING STEELS FOR DEMANDING REQUIREMENTSOur hot working steels are used in particular in applications where a high surface temperature is reached on the tools. Our high-alloy steels impress in this field with their outstanding properties, for example in diecasting and low-pressure diecasting.

The hot working steels 2343 ISO-B, 2343 ISO-B MOD, 2344 ISO-B and 2367 ISO-B in particular are extremely popular with our customers.

Products Products

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OUR BESTSELLERSThe ongoing improvement of our steel quality is one of our key goals. This is why we are constantly working to develop our products further and adding to our extensive range with special steels, tailored precisely to the high requirements and demands of our customers.

VERSATILE USEWe have systematically developed the 1.2738 to improve the through-hardening properties in even the largest dimensions. The impressive result is the patented plastic mould steel THRUHARD SUPREME® (EP 1 251 187), which offers improved hardening through to the core thanks to the adapted compo-sition. This steel grade also has a higher tough ness and polish - ability than 1.2311 and 1.2738. These properties make THRUHARD SUPREME® the ideal steel for practically all

applications in the plastics industry. It is used in compression and injection moulds, for example, which are used for interior and exterior moulds for the automotive industry.

Its high thermal conductivity also makes THRUHARD SUPREME® the perfect choice for special hot sheet metal forming dies. Buderus Edelstahl can supply this highly versatile steel in standard or HighHard grade (HH) as required.

FOR EVEN THE BIGGEST CHALLENGESTo improve the through-hardening properties compared with our standard die steel 1.2714, we have developed the 2714 ISO-B MOD. With its adapted alloy level (in particular manganese, nickel and molybdenum), it impresses with quenching and tempering capability up to a reference diameter of 800 mm (Figure 4). Compared with the standard, the 2714 ISO-B MOD

also offers improved thermal strength and increased wear resistance. This makes it the perfect choice for high-volumeforging dies and large press dies for forming aluminium, die and mould holders and for producing tool and press mandrel holders, tool cassettes and hydroforming moulds (IHU).

Figure 4 Hardness curve compared with the dimension

400

380

360

340

320

300

Har

dn

ess

(HB

)

Bar diameter (mm)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000

BIG STRENGTH IN SMALL COMPONENTSThe HIgh PERformance DIE (HIPERDIE®) special steel lives up to its name admirably: Its tailored chemical composition enables the perfect combination of toughness and wear resistance. The CrMoV hot working steel developed by us offers excellent thermal resistance and improved toughness compared with 1.2344. Compared with the NiCrMoV hot working steel 1.2714, HIPERDIE® offers a higher wear resistance and improved ther- mal strength. There is no heat treatment risk for HIPERDIE® when delivered in hardened and tempered state. With its outstanding properties, HIPERDIE® impresses in small and medium-sized press dies and die inserts in particular, as well as in low-contour forging dies.

EXTREMELY WEAR-RESISTANTOur high-alloy hot working steel 2343 ISO-B MOD shows its special strength in extreme abrasive stresses. It offers improved tough-ness properties compared with 1.2343 and can withstand even high compressive forces. A variety of surface coatings following the PVD and nitriding process can also reduce wear even further. The 2343 ISO-B MOD has a hardening capacity of up to 50 HRC. Thanks to these properties, a significantly longer tool life can be achieved with this material than with the conventional standard grades 2343 ISO-B and 2344 ISO-B. The 2343 ISO-B MOD is particularly well suited to highly stressed dies and inserts, tools for pipe and bar extrusion and plastic moulds subject to abrasive stress.

2714 ISO-BMOD2714 ISO-B

STEEL PRODUCTION PRODUCTSFORMING

Hot Rolled Strip Steel

Cold Rolled Strip Steel

Rolled Billets

Closed Die Forgings

Closed Die Forge

Cold Rolling Mill

Hot Rolling Mill

Blooming Mill

Billet Mill

Engineering Steel

Tool Steel

Stock Service

Direct Delivery Out Of New Production

Open Die Forge

Electric Arc Furnace

Steel Scrap

Vacuum Degassing /Vacuum Oxygen Decarburization

Ladle Furnace

Ingot Casting

Machining Facilities

Open Die Forgings

Kaltband

Lagerservice

Strecke

Bearbeitungs-werkstatt

Freiformschmiede

Stahlwerk

Walzwerk

WalzwerkWarmband

Halbzeug

Kaltwalzwerk

Gesenkschmiede

Warmband

Halbzeug

Gesenk-schmiedestücke

Edelbaustahl

Werkzeugstahl

Freiform-schmiedestücke

Ar

2.8 to — 190 to

Production

10

STATE-OF-THE-ART METALLURGY AND PRODUCTIONWith a furnace capacity of 100 tons, Buderus Edelstahl melts its raw materials in its own electric steel plant. For this, we use high-quality scrap steel from the recycling cycles in Germany and Europe. After tapping, the steel is deoxidized, degassed and deep desulphurized in the secondary metallurgy process (LF-VD/ VOD plant). The special steel is bottom cast in moulds with hot top insulation to ingots weighing between 2.8 and 190 tonnes.

Our open die forging plant is equipped with high- performance presses with compression forces between 20 and 80 / 100 MN. The subsequent heat treatment takes place in shuttle furnaces or con- tinuous furnaces. We check each bar with ultrason-ic testing and use mobile spectrometers to prevent differences in material grade. We carry out the mechanical processing in accordance with cus- tomer specifications – right through to finished mould parts for the relevant requirement.

OUR PRODUCTION PROCESS

Mechanical processing Travel

Boring mills To max. 1.5 x 6 m

Surface grinding options To max. 2.5 x 4.2 m

Portal milling machines To max. 6 x 2 x 2.5 m (L x W x H)

Deep hole drilling machine Drilling diameter 6 mm – 32 mmDrilling depth 4 m

Lathes Up to 120 t unit weight Up to 2 m diameter Max. 15 m length

Plastic mould steels Plastic mould steels

12 13

COMPARISON WITH STANDARDS AND ANALYSES

Steel group and material No.

DIN C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V

Non-alloyed tool steel

1730 C45U 0.42 - 0.50 0.15 - 0.40 0.60 - 0.80 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.030 – – – –

Hardened and tempered mould steels

THRUHARD SUPREME® 26MnCrNiMo6-5-4 0.26 0.10 1.45 ≤ 0.015 0.002 1.25 0.50 1.05 0.12

THRUHARD SUPREME® (HH) 26MnCrNiMo6-5-4 0.26 0.10 1.45 ≤ 0.015 0.002 1.25 0.50 1.05 0.12

EFFICIENT EXTRAHARD – 0.30 0.10 1.45 0.020 0.003 1.35 0.50 0.65 –

2311 ISO-BM 40CrMnMo7 0.35 - 0.45 0.20 - 0.40 1.30 - 1.60 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.003 1.80 - 2.10 0.15 - 0.25 – –

2312 40CrMnMoS8-6 0.35 - 0.45 0.30 - 0.50 1.40 - 1.60 ≤ 0.030 0.05 - 0.10 1.80 - 2.00 0.15 - 0.25 – –

2711 ISO-B 54NiCrMoV6 0.50 - 0.60 0.15 - 0.35 0.50 - 0.80 ≤ 0.025 ≤ 0.003 0.60 - 0.80 0.25 - 0.35 1.50 - 1.80 0.07 - 0.12

2738 ISO-BM 40CrMnNiMo8-6-4 0.35 - 0.45 0.20 - 0.40 1.30 - 1.60 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.003 1.80 - 2.10 0.15 - 0.25 0.90 - 1.20 –

Case hardening steel

2764 ISO-B X19NiCrMo4 0.16 - 0.22 0.10 - 0.40 0.15 - 0.45 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.003 1.10 - 1.40 0.15 - 0.25 3.80 - 4.30 –

Through-hardening tool steels

2343 ISO-B MOD* ~ X37CrMoV5-1 0.35 0.30 0.40 ≤ 0.010 ≤ 0.003 5.00 1.35 – 0.50

2379 ISO-B X153CrMoV12 1.45 - 1.60 0.10 - 0.60 0.20 - 0.60 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.005 11.00 - 13.00 0.70 - 1.00 – 0.70 - 1.00

2767 ISO-B 45NiCrMo16 0.40 - 0.50 0.10 - 0.40 0.20 - 0.50 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.003 1.20 - 1.50 0.15 - 0.35 3.80 - 4.30 –

2842 90MnCrV8 0.85 - 0.95 0.10 - 0.40 1.80 - 2.20 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.030 0.20 - 0.50 – – 0.05 - 0.20

Corrosion-resistant steels

2083 ISO-B X40Cr14 0.36 - 0.42 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.003 12.50 - 14.50 – – –

2085 X33CrS16 0.28 - 0.38 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 1.40 ≤ 0.030 0.05 - 0.10 15.00 - 17.00 – ≤ 1.00 –

2316 ISO-B MOD* ~ X38CrMo16 0.28 0.30 0.95 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.003 14.20 1.10 ~ 0.50 –

Nitriding steels

7735 14CrMoV6-9 0.11 - 0.17 ≤ 0.25 0.80 - 1.00 ≤ 0.020 ≤ 0.015 1.25 - 1.50 0.80 - 1.00 – 0.20 - 0.30

8519 31CrMoV9 0.27 - 0.34 ≤ 0.40 0.40 - 0.70 ≤ 0.025 ≤ 0.035 2.30 - 2.70 0.15 - 0.25 – 0.10 - 0.20

8550 34CrAlNi7-10 0.30 - 0.37 ≤ 0.40 0.40 - 0.70 ≤ 0.025 ≤ 0.035 1.50 - 1.80 0.15 - 0.25 0.85 - 1.15 Al 0.80 - 1.20

SEL analyses (mass %), for ISO-B grades with S restrictions * Guide analyses (mass %)

Special features

THRUHARD SUPREME® (HH)

EFFICIENT EXTRAHARD

2311 ISO-BM40CrMnMo7

231240CrMn-MoS8-6

2316 ISO-B MOD~ X38CrMo16

2343 ISO-B MOD~X37CrMoV5-1

2711 ISO-B54NiCrMoV6

2738 ISO-BM40CrMnNi-Mo8-6-4

2767 ISO-B45NiCrMo16

Hardness

Toughness

Machinablility

Etch-graining properties

Hard chrome plating properties

Polishing properties

* * *

Corrosion resis-tance

Surface harden-ing properties

Thermal conductivity

Dimension restriction

No Yes < 400 mm No Yes No No No No

OVERVIEW PLASTIC MOULD STEELS

Very good Good Normal

* High-gloss polishing characteristics on request

Plastic mould steels Plastic mould steels

14 15

Steel group and material No. SEL designation AISI AFNOR Material characteristics Delivery condition For which tools

Non-alloyed tool steels

1730 C45U SAE 1045 XC48 Outer layer hardenable to 55 HRC Normalised, max. 190 HB Built-on parts, mould and tools frames with low stress, prototyping

Hardened and tempered mould steels

THRUHARD SUPREME® 26MnCrNiMo6-5-4Pre-hardened mould steel for the largest dimensions, grain-reliable, good polishing properties, good weldability, good workability, high thermal conductivity

Normal hardness: 2738mod.TS hardened and tempered to 280 - 325 HB 950 - 1,100 MPa*

Large tools for compression and injection moulds for bumpers, instrument panels, garbage containers, TV cabinets

THRUHARD SUPREME® (HH)HighHard: 2738mod.TS (HH) Hardened and tempered to 310 - 355 HB 1,050 - 1,200 MPa*

Extrusion and moulding tools with high mechanical and thermal stress and special surface requirements, such as good polishing properties and hard chrome plating properties

EFFICIENT EXTRAHARDHardened and tempered to 280 - 325 HB 950 - 1,100 MPa*

Dies for extrusion and moulding tools up to max. 600 mm thickness

2311 ISO-BM 40CrMnMo7 ~ P20 40CMD8Mould steel, economical to machine, good polishing properties, grain-reliable for dimensions less than 400 mm thick, hard-chrome platable, flame hardenable, nitridable

2738 ISO-BM 40CrMnNiMo8-6-4 ~ P20 + Ni 40CMND8Properties similar to 2311 ISO-BM, but with better through-hardening properties, even with larger dimensions

Hardened and tempered to 280 - 325 HB 950 - 1,100 MPa*

Dies for extrusion and moulding tools, mould frames for dimensions with a thickness larger than / equal to 400 mm

2312 40CrMnMoS8-6 ~ P20 + S 40CMD8SMould steel with extremely good machinability, not suitable for polishing, etch-graining or hard chrome plating

Hardened and tempered to 280 - 325 HB 950 - 1,100 MPa*

Core parts for extrusion and moulding tools without surface requirements and low mechanical stress, mould assemblies, low-stress mould frames, prototyping

2711 ISO-B 54NiCrMoV6 ~ 6F2 55NCDV7Heat resistant and tough mould steel grain-reliable, good polishing properties, hard-chrome platable, high degree of purity through ISO-B process

Annealed to max. 248 HB, hardened and tempered to 280 - 325 HB 950 - 1,100 MPa* or to 355 - 415 HB 1,200 - 1,400 MPa*

Extrusion and moulding tools with high mechanical and thermal stress and special surface requirements, such as good polishing properties and hard chrome plating properties; contour hardening is recommended

Case hardening steel

2764 ISO-B X19NiCrMo4 P21 19NCD16Low-distortion mould steel with a surface hardness of 60 to 62 HRC and a core hardness of 325 to 415 HB after case hardening with air cooling, extremely good polishing properties

Annealed max. 250 HB Extrusion and moulding tools with high pressure load combined with abrasive surface stress

Through-hardening tool steels

2343 ISO-B MOD ~ X37CrMoV5-1 ~ H11 MOD Z38CDV5Wear-resistant hot working steel, installed hardness up to 50 HRC, can also be used for mid-range mould sizes, high degree of purity, good polishability

Annealed, max. 229 HB Highly stressed plastic moulds, mould inserts for high hardening and abrasive stress

2379 ISO-B X153CrMoV12 ~ D2 Z160CDV12 Inserts nitridable after special heat treatment Annealed, max. 255 HB For highly abrasive stress and high hardness levels of 58 to 63 HRC

2767 ISO-B 45NiCrMo16 6F7 45NCD16Air-hardening with high dimensional stability, extremely good toughness, installed hardness 50 to 54 HRC, extremely good polishing properties

Annealed, max. 260 HB For quick-running inserts to 54 HRC

2842 90MnCrV8 O2 90MV8Easy heat treatment, low-distortion, outer layer hardness 58 to 62 HRC, no special polishing requirements

Annealed, max. 229 HB

Corrosion-resistant steels

2083 ISO-B X40Cr14 420 Z40C14Corrosion-resistant mould steel with good polishing properties, good machinability, installed hardness 50 to 54 HRC

Annealed, max. 241 HB, hardened and tempered on request

Mould inserts

2085 X33CrS16 ~ 422 + S ~ Z33CS16 Corrosion-resistant mould steel with extremely good machining propertiesHardened and tempered to 265 - 310 HB 900 - 1,050 MPa*

Mould assemblies and mould frames

2316 ISO-B MOD ~ X38CrMo16 ~ 422 Z35CD17 Mould steel with extremely good corrosion-resistance, polishable, also hardenable to 50 HRCHardened and tempered to 265 - 310 HB 900 - 1,050 MPa*

Mould inserts, wide slot dies, profile dies, drop forging tools, blow moulds, extrusion tools

Maraging steel

2709 X3NiCoMoTi18-9-5Maraging 300

Z2NKD 18 - 09

This steel enables easy, distortion-free heat treatment with precipitation hardening at 480 °C following the finishing process, installed hardness to 55 HRC

Solution annealed, approx. 300 HB 1,000 MPa* Moulding tools with high pressure loads, partial inserts, cores, ejectors

Nitriding steels

2344 ISO-B X40CrMoV5-1 H13 Z40CDV5Nitridable hot working steel for the highest wear and torsion stress in elevated temperatures

Hardened and tempered to 280 - 325 HB 950 - 1,100 MPa*

7735 14CrMoV6-9 20CDV5.07 CrMoV nitriding steel with high toughness and thermal strength, weldableHardened and tempered to 265 - 310 HB 900 - 1,050 MPa*

8519 31CrMoV9 32CDV12 CrMoV nitriding steel for higher levels of wear stressHardened and tempered to 265 - 310 HB 900 - 1,050 MPa*

8550 34CrAlNi7-10 0.80 / 0.90 34CAND7Aluminium-alloyed standard nitriding steel Surface hardness after nitriding approx. 1,000 HV

Hardened and tempered to 237 - 297 HB 800 - 1,000 MPa*

Extrusion tools like screws and barrels, plastification tools

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION AREAS

* Surface hardness in Brinell, converted to MPa according to DIN EN ISO 18265 Table A.1 in MPaNote: During hardness tests with portable testing procedures, deviations resulting from the test system used must be tolerated (device manufacturer information).

Plastic mould steels Plastic mould steels

16 17

Rough milling Finish milling

Steel group and material no. in HB Heat treatment condition and Brinell hardness

HSS Hard metal uncoated3 Hard metal coated3 HSS (1.3243) fz = max. 0,1 mm

Hard metal uncoated3 Hard metal coated3 Hard metal cermet3

P25 P25 P25 P35 P25 P25 K15 P25 P15

Milling conditions + – + – + – + – + – + – + –

Tempered steel

Hardened and tempered

THRUHARD SUPREME® (HH) 310 - 355 (120) (100) 180 140 20 12 (210) (170) 270 260 320

2311 ISO-BM 280 - 325 (130) (110) 170 140 20 12 (190) (160) 260 260 300

2312 280 - 325 (140) (120) 180 150 25 15 (210) (180) 270 270 320

2711 ISO-B 280 - 415 (85) (75) 140 100 25 20 (130) (110) 210 210 260

2738 ISO-BM 280 - 325 (100) (85) 150 120 20 12 (160) (130) 220 220 270

Through-hardened tool steel

Annealed

2343 ISO-B MOD max. 229 (100) (85) 130 110 20 10 (150) (130) 190 190 220

2344 ISO-B max. 229 (100) (85) 130 110 20 10 (150) (130) 190 190 220

2379 ISO-B max. 255 (75) (65) 110 85 15 10 (110) (95) 160 160 190

2767 ISO-B max. 260 (100) (85) 130 110 25 20 (150) (130) 190 190 220

2842 max. 229 (85) (75) 120 95 25 15 (130) (110) 180 180 210

Corrosion-resistant steel

Hardened and tempered

2316 ISO-B MOD 265 - 310 120 110 (20) (12) 180 180

Case hardening steel

Annealed

2764 ISO-B 250 (150) (130) 200 170 25 20 (220) (190) 300 300 370

Non-alloyed steel

Normalised

1730 max. 190 (150) (130) 200 160 30 20 (220) (190) 300 300 370

CUTTING SPEED (VC IN m/min) FOR ROUGH MACHINING1 AND FINISH MILLING2 OF PLASTIC MOULD STEELS

With tool diameter > 70 mm, the cutting speed must be reduced by factor 0.7 1) Valid for rough milling: Feed per tooth (fz) = 0.1 - 0.3 mm Ratio cutting path to tool diameter < 3/4 2) Valid for finish milling: Feed per tooth (fz) = 0.03 – 0.3 mm Ratio cutting path to tool diameter = 1/10 3) Cutting depth (ap) = approx. 1/2 x cutting edge length (Lc), with larger peck depths > 1/2 x Lc, the tooth feed in the bottom range must be selected

Not recommended We recommend using coated hard metal, if not available, the ( )-values apply

Data was determined by WALTER, Tübingen

Plastic mould steels Plastic mould steels

18 19

Forging machine Hammer machines Press machines

Tool type Full die Die inserts Full die Die inserts

Stress and tool life criteria

Forging units – batch size

Crack formationlow

high

Wear

low

high

Crack formationlow

high

Wear

low

high

Crack formationlow

high

Wear

low

high

Crack formationlow

high

Wear

low

high

Die steel and engraving typology Installed stability / hardness

Flat die (rotationally symmetrical and asymmetrical)

Material No.2714 ISO-B

2714 ISO-BMOD

2714 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2344 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2344 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2344 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

MPa 1,300 1,300 1,350 1,350 1,350 1,300 1,350 1,400 1,400 1,450 1,400 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,500

Hardness HB 385 385 400 400 400 385 400 410 410 425 410 425 425 425 425 440

Solid die (symmetrical and asymmetrical)

Material No.2714 ISO-B

2714 ISO-BMOD

2714 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2344 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

MPa 1,300 1,300 1,350 1,350 1,350 1,350 1,350 1,400 1,400 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,500 1,450 1,550

Hardness HB 385 385 400 400 400 400 400 410 410 425 425 425 425 440 425 450

Pivot and hub die (rotationally symmetrical and asymmetrical)

Material No.2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2714 ISO-B MOD

2365 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2365 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

MPa 1,300 1,300 1,350 1,350 1,300 1,400 1,350 1,400 1,400 1,450 1,400 1,400 1,500 1,550 1,450 1,550

Hardness HB 385 385 400 400 385 410 400 410 410 425 410 410 440 450 425 450

Mandrel (rotationally symmetrical, deep engraving)

Material No.2714 ISO-B MOD

2365 ISO-B

2714 ISO-B MOD

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2365 ISO-B

2367 ISO-B

MPa 1,300 1,350 1,300 1,350 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,450 1,500 1,500 1,550

Hardness HB 385 400 385 400 425 425 425 425 425 440 440 440 425 440 440 450

Tool Die holders, reinforcements, tool cassettes

Punching and trimming tools

Ejectors, stamps

Area of use Presses and hammers Cold cutting Hot cutting Presses

Stresssmall unit quantity, norm. wear

large unit quantity, high wear

small tools, large unit quantity

large tools, small unit quantity

Tool steel2714 ISO-B 2714 ISO-B MOD

2842 2379 ISO-B 1730*2714 ISO-B 2767 ISO-B 2344 ISO-B

2344 ISO-B 2365 ISO-B

Recommended strength / toughness

1,000 MPa 58 HRC 60 HRC 750 MPa 50 HRC 50 HRC

Strength range: ± 50 MPa Hardening range in Brinell: ± 20 HB Hardening range in Rockwell: ± 2 HRC

*) Cutting edges hard-surfaced with stellites

Before using the special grades 9966 SUPER C and HIPERDIE®, we recommend an application-specific coordination.

MATERIAL SELECTION FOR FORGING DIES AND PRESS DIES

MATERIAL SELECTION FOR SECONDARY TOOLS

Die steels Die steels

20 21

Steel group Material No. Abbreviated designation according to DIN

DIN analysis Information in mass % Material characteristics Important material parameters

C Si Mn P S*** Cr Ni Mo V W Ac1 °C

Ac3°C

Ms°C

Hardening temperature °C

Annealing temperature °C

Thermal conductivity W / mK at 500 °C

Nickel die steels

2714 ISO-B 55NiCrMoV7 0.50 - 0.60 0.10 - 0.40 0.60 - 0.90 ≤ 0.030 < 0.030 0.80 - 1.20 1.50 - 1.80 0.35 - 0.55 0.05 - 0.15Traditional die steel like 2713 ISO-B. but with higher tempering properties and better through-hardening properties for hardening to approx. 415 HB

710 790 270 880 690 34.5

2714 ISO-B MOD** ~ 57NiCrMoV7 MOD 0.55 0.25 0.95 0.015 0.003 1.10 2.00 0.75 0.12

Optimized composition for significantly improved through- hardening and thermal strength properties. as well as increased wear resistance compared with 2714 ISO-B for large forging and press dies

710 790 280 880 700 34.8

2744 ISO-B* 57NiCrMoV7-7 0.50 - 0.60 0.15 - 0.35 0.60 - 0.80 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.035 0.90 - 1.20 1.50 - 1.80 0.70 - 0.90 0.07 - 0.12Like 2714 ISO-B. but with higher thermal strength. tempering properties and wear resistance

720 770 210 880 700 35.0

2766 ISO-B* 35NiCrMo16 0.32 - 0.38 0.15 - 0.30 0.40 - 0.60 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.035 1.20 - 1.50 3.80 - 4.30 0.20 - 0.40Air-hardening. extremely tough die steel for dynamic stresses with short contact times. can also be used for extremely large dies

695 770 210 880 650 32.0

9966 SUPER C 36NiCrMoV15-7 0.33 0.25 0.20 0.003 0.002 1.50 3.00 0.80 0.30NiCrMoV – hot working steel with significantly higher toughness. thermal strength and wear resistance compared with the die steel 2714

680 820 340 870 670 32.0

Special grade

HIPERDIE® ~ 35CrMoV 11-10 0.35 ≤ 0.35 0.50 ≤ 0.025 ≤ 0.003 2.70 1.00 0.20 OthersSpecial CrMoV hot working steel with better toughness properties compared with 2344 and higher wear resistance than 2714

780 830 380 950 750 35.3

High-alloyed CrMoV hot working steels containing special carbide

2344 ISO-B X40CrMoV5-1 0.35 - 0.42 0.80 - 1.20 0.25 - 0.50 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.020 4.80 - 5.50 1.20 - 1.50 0.85 - 1.15Hot working steel with high thermal strength. tempering properties and wear resistance

855 925 300 1.040 820 27.0

2360 ISO-B* X48CrMoV8-1-1 0.45 - 0.50 0.70 - 0.90 0.35 - 0.45 ≤ 0.020 ≤ 0.005 7.30 - 7.80 1.30 - 1.50 1.30 - 1.50Like 2344 ISO-B. but with better tempering properties and wear resistance. high temperature resistance. good nitriding properties

842 951 360 1.080 820 25.0

2365 ISO-B 32 CrMoV12-28 0.28 - 0.35 0.10 - 0.40 0.15 - 0.45 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.020 2.70 - 3.20 2.50 - 3.00 0.40 - 0.70Hot working steel with good toughness. suitable for high levels of temperature shock stress. resistant to water cooling

790 875 350 1.040 780 34.0

2367 ISO-B X38CrMoV5-3 0.35 - 0.40 0.30 - 0.50 0.30 - 0.50 ≤ 0.030 ≤ 0.020 4.80 - 5.20 2.70 - 3.20 0.40 - 0.60Like 2344 ISO-B. but with higher thermal strength and tempering properties. high temperature resistance. good wear resistance

785 985 240 1.060 780 34.8

2606 ISO-B* X37CrMoW5-1 0.32 - 0.40 0.90 - 1.20 0.30 - 0.60 ≤ 0.035 ≤ 0.035 5.00 - 5.60 1.30 - 1.60 0.15 - 0.40 1.20 - 1.40Hot working steel with extremely good thermal strength. good tempering properties and good toughness. limited water cooling capability

810 885 300 1.020 800 28.0

TOOL STEELS FOR FORGING DIES

*) Only on request **) For larger dimensions with optimal through-hardening ***) Our ISO-B steels are melted with max. 0.003 % sulphur content

Die steels Quality

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PROLONGING SERVICE LIFE

In addition to the optimal material concept, the forging conditions and maintenance of the dies are important factors for ensuring a long service life.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OPERATING CONDITIONS TO PREVENT EARLY CRACK FORMATION AND INCREASED WEAR: Pre-heat the die homogeneously to 280 °C Use intensive cooling to avoid die base temperatures > 300 °C Use optimal lubricants and coolants with thermal insulation properties to avoid critical surface temperatures > 650 °C Keep the pressure contact times as short as possible, e. g. with optimized ejection

Leave sufficient cooling phases between forging Take measures to avoid extremely damaging “stuck dies“ Avoid unnecessarily high forging temperatures (> 1,270 °C) Define engraving postprocessing or repair intervals for all critical dies Grind surface areas with wear and fire cracks (depth ~ 0.1 mm/ 1,000 unit) Ensure sufficient pre-heating (400 °C) and release (550 °C) for all welding temperatures

CRACK FORMATION IN CRITICAL ENGRAVING ZONES IS RESTRICTED IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS: Sufficiently large radii (> 6 mm) Avoiding extremely steep engraving walls > 80° Sufficiently large wall thicknesses with single-piece dies > 1.3 x engraving depth

Using 2- or 3-piece dies with shrunk-in inserts Complying with a wall thickness ratio of > 1:4 between the insert and the main die

Using sufficiently high shrink dimensions > 2 ‰ Creating smooth engraving surfaces (Rt < 25 µm)

CERTIFIED TESTING

Our own melting plant, state-of-the-art ladle metallurgy, bottom casting of ingots and process-controlled production steps guarantee the high quality standard of our tool steels. And we also monitor the quality of the tool steel meticulously. Our quality assurance system specifies all quality-relevant process steps and inspection points in detail. Each production step is checked precisely and documented clearly – from the melting of the steel through to the forming processes and delivery. The Buderus Edelstahl GmbH integrated management system is certified in accordance with ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.

Our metallographical testing laboratory is certified by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025. In addition to structural analyses, the labo- ratory also carries out tensile and impact tests according to international standards and determines fracture-mechanical parameters (KIC).

External specifications and customer requests can also be agreed above and beyond our own quality specifications.

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Buderus Edelstahl GmbH is a renowned German manufacturer of high-grade special steels. Both our standard steels and our special steels have an excellent reputation all over the world. With more than 50 sites, service centres and product warehouses, we guarantee close cooperation and quick reaction times for our customers.

Special steels from Buderus Edelstahl are used in vehicle and drive technology, plant and machine construction, as well as tool and mould production. We deliver quality products from a single source for these high-tech sectors:

Tool steel Special engineering steel Open die forgings Drop forged components Hot and cold-rolled strips Semi-finished products Hardness comparison plates

Buderus Edelstahl GmbH Christian Simon Buderusstraße 25 35576 Wetzlar Germany

Phone: +49 6441 374 - 0 Fax: +49 6441 374 - 2882

E-mail: tool-steel@buderus-steel.com

Legal notice: Buderus Edelstahl GmbH has taken the greatest care in compiling this information. It is nevertheless possible that details may have changed in the meantime. Please appreci-ate that we are therefore unable to guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the information provided. We reserve the right to make changes to the content at any time. Please also note that we accept no liability for obvious printing errors and mistakes. All details, information and descriptions are non-binding and only become binding as part of a contract to be concluded separately.

© Buderus Edelstahl GmbH, Wetzlar, 11/2014

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