tool for ontology paraphrasing, querying and visualization on the semantic web project by senthil...
TRANSCRIPT
Tool for Ontology Paraphrasing, Querying and Visualization on the
Semantic Web
Project BySenthil Kumar K200637041III MCA (SS)
Guides Details
Project Context
Military Intelligence
Reports
XML Documents
SemanticWeb
(Ontology)
Summary of Intelligence
Reports
Information Extraction
Ontology Generation
Paraphrasing and Querying
with Visualization
Ontology
Ontology is defined as an explicit specification of conceptualization.
It is a way of representing things and the relationship between things in such a way that a machine can understand it.
It is a mechanized way of Knowledge Representation.
Ontology is used as the Knowledge Representation format at CAIR.
Paraphrasing Context
Summarizer Module
Paraphrasing Steps
Document PlanningContent Selection : Specify maximum allowed distance in graph.Text Planning : Ordering of facts at various distances.
Micro Planning Micro plans are templates with numerous slots and fillers for these
slots.
Lexicalization : Specify single sentence for each fact.Aggregation : Multiple sentences aggregated to improve readability.
Surface RealizationGrammar used to fill up missing information.
Paraphrasing Example
XYZ_FN
Lahore
Pakistan
located
belongs
Karachimoved
belongs
Input Ontology
After Lexicalization
1) XYZ_FN is moved to Karachi.2) Karachi belongs to Pakistan.3) XYZ_FN is located at Lahore.4) Lahore belongs to Pakistan.
Paraphrasing Example (Contd.)
After Aggregation
1) XYZ_FN is located at Lahore which belongs to Pakistan.2) XYZ_FN is moved to Karachi which belongs to Pakistan.
Final Summary
XYZ_FN is located at Lahore which belongs to Pakistan and it is moved to Karachi which belongs to Pakistan.
SPARQL:
– SPARQL is an RDF query language, that stands for Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language.– SPARQL allows for a query to consist of triple patterns, conjunctions, disjunctions, and optional
patterns.
Example:PREFIX abc: <http://example.com/exampleOntology#>
SELECT ?capital ?country
WHERE {
?x abc:cityname ?capital ;
abc:isCapitalOf ?y .
?y abc:countryname ?country ;
abc:isInContinent abc:Africa .
}
SPARQL query returns all country capitals in Africa
Information Visualization
Information Visualization concentrates on the use of computer-supported tools to explore large amount of abstract data.
Compact graphical presentation for visualizing large numbers of items possibly extracted from far larger datasets.
Enables users to make discoveries, decisions or explanations about patterns (trend, cluster, gap, outlier...), groups of items, or individual items.
Knowledge Visualization
Knowledge Visualization focuses on transferring insights and creating new knowledge.
Beyond the mere transfer of facts, knowledge visualization aims to further transfer insights, experiences, perspectives and predictions by using various complementary visualizations.
Existing Work and Issues
No tool available for paraphrasing from the ontology and rendering a visual representation of the same.
Query engine support with Visual representation of the output is required.
Browser based tool required to perform the above.
Proposed Work
To develop a web application for paraphrasing and querying from an ontology with visualization support for AINN group of CAIR (DRDO) which is fully browser based.
Architecture Diagram
OWL Files
Java Library JUNG,JENA Library
Ontology Querying and Visualization Applets
Browsers
Java Applet Class File
Web Server Client
Block Diagram
Ontology Graph
Summary ofIntelligence
Reports
Query Result
Visual GraphOntology
OWL GraphConstruction
Paraphrase
Query Processor
Visualizer
Visualizer
Software Requirements
JDK (Java Development Kit) 1.5 JRE 1.5 or above Supported Web BrowserJUNG (Java’s Universal Graph/Network
Library) 1.7.6JENA (Java framework for building Semantic
Web applications) 2.5.7
What JENA can / can’t do?
Can:
– It provides a programmatic environment for RDF, RDFS and OWL.
– It provides SPARQL processing support on ontology.
– It provides Rule based Inference Engine.
Can’t:
– It cant take Ontology as an input.
– It doesn’t provide support for Graph based Traversals and Querying.
– It doesn’t provide support for paraphrasing from the ontology.
What JUNG can / can’t do?
Can:
– It provides a very basic library for creating simple graphs and visualizing it.
– It provides basic layouts support for the graph rendering.
– It can only understand vertices, edges and basic graph primitives
Can’t:
– It cant model the Ontology as a graph.
– It cant enforce the user specific constraints followed in owl specification on the graph.
– It cant Rearrange the graph based on the changes made to the ontology
Major Modules
ParaphraserQuery ProcessorVisualizer
Level – 0 DFD
Visual Graph
Query Result
Paraphrased Summary
Ontology Paraphrasing, Querying and
Visualizing Tool
OWL
Level – 1 DFD
OWL Graph
Natural Language Summary
Textual Result
OWL
Query
1OWL GraphConstructor
User
3Query Processor
2Paraphraser
OWL Graph
4Visualizer
Visual Graph
OWL Graph OWL Graph
OWL Graph Constructor(1)
1.1
Read the OWL File and Load the Ontology
1.2
Map the ontology resources to Nodes
and Edges
OWL Nodes and Edges
OWL
Ontology Model
1.3Build the graph
Using the nodes and edges
OWL Graph
Paraphraser(2)
2.1
Select Contents of Interest
2.2
Lexicalize Sentences and Aggregate them.
Formed Sentences
OWL Graph
Selected Facts
2.3Apply grammar to
the formed sentences.
Natural Language Summary
OWL Sub Graph
Query Processor(3)
3.1
Validate the Query and Plan the Execution
3.2
Execute the Query by Traversing the Graph
OWL Sub Graph
OWL Graph
OWL Graph and Query
Textual Result
Query
Visualizer(4)
4.1
Create Renderer and layout for the Graph
4.2
Set Visual attributes for the OWL Nodes
and Edges
Renderer
OWL Graph
4.3
Render OWL Graph
Visual Graph
Renderer
References
1) OWL Web Ontology Language Guide: http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-guide2) SPARQL:
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query3) “Generating Natural Language Descriptions from OWL Ontologies” - Ion Androutsopoulos1,2 and Dimitrios Galanis14) “Speech and Language Processing”, ISBN 81-7808-594-1
- Daniel Jurafsky and James H.Martin5) “Systemic Functional Linguistics”
- http://www.isfla.org/Systemics/6) “Systemic Functional Grammar”
http://minerva.ling.mq.edu.au/resource/VirtuallLibrary/Publications/sfg_firststep/SFG%20intro%20New.html
7) “Paraphrasing from ontology”http://www.mindswap.org/papers/nlpowl.pdf