times ten in-memory database when time counts - laszlo ludas
DESCRIPTION
Presentation from conference "Oracle Day 2011" in Estonia 11.03.2011 Nordic Hotel ForumTRANSCRIPT
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Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database 11g
Oracle In-Memory Database Cache 11g
Laszlo LudasOracle
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When You Think “Database…”
RDBMS + network connectivity
SQLSQL
ResultsResultsApplication RDBMS
This may NOT be fast enough for some
response-time-critical applications
Typical solutions: Build a home-grown, application-specific, in-memory buffer ‘cache’…..
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But what if you have..
SQL
Results
ApplicationDisk-based RDBMS
• Full capabilities of a relational database
• Memory-optimized speed and latency
• Persistent, recoverable, highly available
• Can also deploy standalone
• Full capabilities of a relational database
• Memory-optimized speed and latency
• Persistent, recoverable, highly available
• Can also deploy standalone
ONE product, an In-Memory Database that is a ‘cache’ with
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Three Customer Use CasesThree Customer Use Cases
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Pre-Paid Rating Engine
TimesTen Usage
� Event capture (real-time balance authentication)
� Balance management (prepaid authentication/charging)
� Dynamic state management (active call/session status)
Performance Metrics
� Prepaid application response time sub 200ms
� 70/30 read/update workload
Number 1 GSM Prepaid System Vendor
2G/2.5G
BSC
MSCBTS
GSM Prepaid
� 70/30 read/update workload
� Scales to 8 million subscribers on one node (server pair)
Configuration
� 4-CPU Servers (plus hot-standby)
� Sun/Solaris platforms
� 8 Gigabytes TimesTen® (DB of record)
Value of TimesTen
� Flexible prepaid charging
� Low maintenance requirements for global deployments
� Non-stop operation & no CDR loss
MSCBTS
Service Data Point (SDP)Service ControlPoint (SCP)
IVR
CustomerAdministration
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Electronic Trading
TimesTen Usage
� Event capture (trade orders)
� Order processing (trade matching)
� Event publishing (trader alerts and closed orders)
Performance Metrics
� 300 - 1,000 orders / second
Market Data Trade
Orders Change
Orders Inquiries
TraderAlerts
Confirmations
Status
Externally Routed Orders
Trade Execution
Order Routing
InstitutionalClients Exchanges
Other Trading Venues
Position Keeping
Internal Traders
Configuration
� 2 X 4-CPU Servers (plus hot-standbys)
� Sun/Solaris O/S with C++ applications
� 2 Gigabyte TimesTen®
Value of TimesTen
� Intelligent Order Routing
� Fast order execution
� Trader alerting
Message Bus
Active
Global Order Repository
Active StandbyStandby
ClosedOrders
ExecutionRouting
TimesTen
Internal Trades
Keeping
Oracle
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Dynamic Personalisation
Load BalancerLoad Balancer
Hosted CRM Application
TimesTen Usage
� Caching personalization preferences
Performance Metrics
� > 200,000 Subscribers, 14,000 Corporations
� 10 million requests per day
� 250 peak requests per second
Configuration
� 2 X 4-CPU servers (plus hot-standbys)
Hosted CRM Vendor
Worldwide Corporate Subscribers
NA Application Servers
EMEA / APAC Application Servers
Load BalancerLoad Balancer
Active StandbyStandby
� 2 X 4-CPU servers (plus hot-standbys)
� RedHat Linux on Sun Opteron
� Java/JDBC applications
� Oracle back-office RDBMS
� 2 Gigabyte TimesTen®
Value of TimesTen
� Offloading backend RDBMS
� Low latency response
� Replication / availability
� Headroom for substantial growth
Active
4-CPU Cache Server
Master Database
Master Database
48-CPU Database Server
Oracle Oracle
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Proven in Real-Time DeploymentsDeployed by Thousands of Companies
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The TechnologyThe Technology
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What is Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database?
• In-memory RDBMS• Entire database in memory
• Standard SQL with JDBC,
ODBC, OCI, Pro*C, .NET,
PL/SQL
• Compatible with Oracle
Database
Directly-Linked Application
TimesTen Libraries
Client-Server Application
TimesTen Client Lib
Client/Server
JDBC / ODBC / OCI / PLSQL
Database
• Persistent and durable• Transactions with ACID
properties
• Extreme performance• Instantaneous response time
• Very high throughput
• Embeddable Memory-Resident
Database
Checkpoint Files
Log Files
Fast
data
access
* Direct-linked = In-process
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Why Is TimesTen So Fast?
• In-Memory Database
• Entire database is always in memory
• Designed and optimized for memory layout
• No buffer cache management overhead
• Shorter code path = better performance
• Application program can link directly to the TimesTen • Application program can link directly to the TimesTen
database
• Database operations executed directly from the application process’
address space
• Eliminate network and inter-process communication overhead
• Achieve extremely low response time (like calling a procedure)
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Lightning Fast Response Time
10
12
14
16
millionths
of
a second
1414
Microseconds
Disc based RDBMs are measured in miliseconds (x
1000)
0
2
4
6
8
10
Read a Record Update Transaction
millionths
of
a second
44Microseconds
Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database 11g - Intel Xeon 3.0 Ghz 64-bit Oracle Enterprise Linux
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730,696
993,390
1,265,867
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Read Operations Per Second
Linear Throughput Scaling – Read ThroughputScale Up on Multi-Processor / Multi-Core Hardware
246,623
394,671
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
Read Operations Per Second
1 2 4 6 8
Concurrent Processes
Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database 11g AMD64 Dual-Core 1.8GHz, 4 Processors, 16GB RAM; OEL 4.0
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Linear Throughput Scaling – Update ThroughputScale Up on Multi-Processor / Multi-Core Hardware
86,782
141,093
184,126188,532
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
200000
Transactions per Second
Out of CPU resources in the test system; more
Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database 11g AMD64 Dual-Core 1.8GHz, 4 Processors, 16GB RAM; OEL 4.0
56,179
86,782
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
Transactions per Second
1 2 4 6 8
Concurrent Update Processes
more processors
will continue the scaling
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Oracle In-Memory Database Cache TimesTen In-Memory Database as a Cache for Oracle Database
• Built using Oracle TimesTen
In-Memory Database
• Full featured RDBMS
• Scale up and scale-out with in-
memory cache grid
• Cache Oracle database
Telco ServicesFinancial Services
CRM, Portal, SaaS,
Customer-facing Applications
Real-TimeBAM & BI
Application
tables into TimesTen• Extremely fast response time
and very high throughput
• Read-only and read/write
cache tables
• Automatic synchronization
with the Oracle database
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
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What is Oracle In-Memory Database Cache?
• Cache subset of Oracle
Database tables in application-
tier
• Applications access cache tables
like regular relational tables• Standard SQL with JDBC, ODP.NET,
ODBC, OCI, Pro*C, PL/SQL
Directly-Linked Application
TimesTen Libraries
Client-Server Application
TimesTen Client Lib
Client/Server
JDBC / ODBC / OCI / PLSQLCheckpoint
Files
ODBC, OCI, Pro*C, PL/SQL
• Read-only and read/write cache
tables• Transactions with ACID properties
• Persistent and durable
• Automatic data synchronization
with the Oracle database
Log Files
Mid-Tier Server
Database Tier
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Flexible Caching Definition
Application Transactions
Root Table
Child
Table
Child
Table
Cache Groups • Cache Group describes the data in
the Oracle Database to cache
• Groups of related tables
• All or subset of rows and columns
• Defined via SQL WHERE clause
CREATE CACHE GROUP PremierUsers
Child
Table
CREATE CACHE GROUP PremierUsers
FROM CUSTOMER (
NAME VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL,
ADDR VARCHAR2(100) )
WHERE CUSTOMER.ORDER > 500;
• Cached tables are regular
database tables in TimesTen
• Joins/search, insert/update/delete
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Read-only CacheFor Frequently Queried Data
• Oracle database is the
‘master’
• Updates in Oracle
automatically refreshed to the
in-memory cache tables
3-node Cache Grid
InIn--MemoryMemory
Application Reads
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
Application Reads
InIn--MemoryMemory
Application Reads
• Refresh frequency (interval)
configurable
• Updates to read-only cache
tables disallowed
• May use pass-through to directly
update the Oracle databaseUpdates to Oracle Server
Automatic Synchronization
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
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Read-Write Cache With Transactional Consistency
• TimesTen database is the
‘master’
• Transactions executed in
TimesTen
• Committed transactions
3-node Cache Grid
InIn--MemoryMemory
Application Transactions
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
Application Transactions
InIn--MemoryMemory
Application Transactions
• Committed transactions
write-through to Oracle
database
• Asynchronous write-through
yields better response time and
throughput
Automatic Synchronization
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
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In-Memory Database Cache GridScaling with Business Growth Peer-to-peer
communication between grid
nodes
Incremental scalabilityHigh
availability
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
Transactional consistency
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
Synchronized with Oracle database
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
Online addition (and removal) of cache nodes
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6487
10114
58366104
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Response Tim
e in M
icroseconds
Oracle Oracle +In-Memory Database Cache
Significant Response Time Improvement
In-Memory Database Cache + Oracle Database
128 100
210518501848
2018665441680
2,000
4,000
Delete C
all Fw
d
Selec
t Access D
ata
Selec
t Base D
ata
Selec
t New Dest
Insert C
all Fw
d
Update Subscribe
r
Update Location
Response Tim
e in M
icroseconds
Response time improvement for a sample application before and after using In-Memory Database Cache
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High Availability
and and
Maximum Availability Architecture
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Updatable Cache Replication
• Application transactions
executed on Active node
• Committed transactions
replicated to Standby
• Standby propagates committed
transactions to Oracle database
• Standby database is available
Hot Standby available for
readsApplication Transactions
Active
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
Standby
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
• Standby database is available
for reads
• Continue execution of
transactions even if connection
to Oracle database is down
• Enable instant failover and no
data loss
Cache Write-through
Tx logs
on disk
Tx logs
on disk
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Read-only Cache Replication
• Updates from Oracle database incrementally refreshed to Active
• Active replicates updates to Standby
• Standby database is available for reads• Read from both Active and
Hot Standby also
available for reads
Queries on read-only cache
Active
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
Standby
InIn--MemoryMemoryCache TablesCache Tables
• Read from both Active and Standby
• Application continues to read from Cache database even when connection to Oracle database is down
• Enable instant failover without reloading the entire cache
Cacherefresh
Tx logs
on diskTx logs
on disk
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Integration with Oracle RACCross-tier High Availability
• Automatic recovery from
Oracle Database RAC node
failures using TAF and FAN
• Automatic reconnection to the
cluster
• Automatic resumption of data
Application Transactions
Hot Standby for reads
In-MemoryCache Tables
Active Standby
In-MemoryCache Tables
• Automatic resumption of data
refresh from Oracle to
TimesTen
• Automatic resumption
transaction propagation from
TimesTen to Oracle
• No loss of transactions
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Integration with Oracle ClusterwareAutomated Management, Monitoring and Failover
Oracle Clusterware
• Manages TimesTen / IMDB
Cache processes
• Monitors and detects failure of
• Nodes
• TimesTen / IMDB Cache
In-MemoryDatabaseCacheIn-MemoryDatabaseCacheIn-MemoryDatabaseCache
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
In-MemoryDatabaseCache
Application
Active Standby
Spare Nodes
• TimesTen / IMDB Cache
processes
• Applications
• Manages automatic failover
and assignment of new roles
• Recovers automatically,
including provisioning of spare
nodes
SharedStorage
For Clusterware
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Integration with Oracle Data GuardOracle Maximum Availability Architecture
• Support Data Guard
synchronous
physical standby
• Failover
• Switchover
• Rolling upgrade
InIn--Memory Database CacheMemory Database Cache
Cache
tables
BusinessApplications
Cache
tables
BusinessApplications
Real Application ClustersReal Application Clusters Standby Oracle DatabaseStandby Oracle Database
Data Guard
• Rolling upgrade
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Oracle TimesTen
APIs and ToolsAPIs and Tools
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TimesTen API Infrastructure
All TimesTen APIs are available through direct-linked and client/server connections
ODBC is TimesTen’s native API
PL/SQL code can be called from ODBC, JDBC, OCI, and Pro*C interfaces
Application
Pro*C
ttClasses (C++)JDBC
ODBC
TimesTen Database Engine
SQL Engine
Pro*C
OCI
PL/SQL Engine
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Comprehensive J2EE Support
JDBC EJB
TimesTen JDBC DriverTimesTen JDBC Driver
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TimesTen Extension in SQL Developer 2.1
• In-Memory Database Cache
• Create/drop/alter cache groups
• Load/unload, flush, refresh cache data
• PL/SQL support
• Create/Replace/Drop, Edit, Compile, Run, and Export
procedures/functions/packages
• Show SQL execution plans• Show SQL execution plans
• New SQL objects: bitmap index,
MV log, ROWID
• Support TimesTen 7.0.x and
11.2.1.x releases
• Available with SQL Developer 2.1
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TimesTen System Monitoring Tool
An Oracle Enterprise Manager Plug-In
• Monitor key
performance metrics
• User defined
thresholds for alerts
and notifications
• Out-of-the-box reports • Out-of-the-box reports
for TimesTen metrics
• Create custom reports
with graphical report
wizard
• Low overhead
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Oracle TimesTen
Sample Customer Use CasesSample Customer Use Cases
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Proven in Real-Time Deployments
Deployed by Thousands of Companies
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250
300
350
Transaction Tim
e in m
illiseconds
German Stock Exchange
Missed response time target of 80 milliseconds
SLA Target < 80ms
BEFORE Oracle In-Memory Database Cache
0
50
100
150
200
250
Transaction Tim
e in m
illiseconds
SLA Target < 80ms
Trading Day Intervals
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250
300
350
Transaction Tim
e in m
illiseconds
German Stock Exchange
Meeting response time target of 80 milliseconds
SLA Target < 80ms
AFTER Oracle In-Memory Database Cache
0
50
100
150
200
250
Transaction Tim
e in m
illiseconds
SLA Target < 80ms
Trading Day Intervals
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NYFIX - Order Matching Market Place
Application
Dispatcher
ACTIVE
Dispatcher
Application
STANDBY
Message Bus
Clients
Orders
SUBSCRIBER on DR Site
Remote
Data Center
Performance• Low latency
• High throughput
• Scalable
Reliability
Dispatcher
Application
DR Subscriber
Order Repository
Service Desk App
InIn--MemoryMemory
Cache TablesCache Tables
Application
InIn--MemoryMemory
Cache TablesCache Tables
ApplicationReliability• Guaranteed transaction model
• High availability
• Fast failover
• No data loss
InIn--MemoryMemory
Cache TablesCache Tables
Application
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Improve Response Time and ReliabilityWeb Ads Delivery System
Web Users
1. Users surf the web
2. Served relevant ads
3. User click on ad
Web Server Farm with TimesTen
In-Memory
Database
Application
In-Memory
Database
Application
In-Memory
Database
Application
Business Challenges
• Inadequate performance
for growth
• Can’t meet SLA <100 ms
• High IT maintenance
with TimesTen IMDB Cache
Cache
• New ads + metadata
• Served and Clicked ad stats
New Ads and biz rules
Advertisers, Publishers
RAC
Database
Cache
Database
Cache
Database
CacheOracle TimesTen Solution
• Response time meets SLA
• Lower cost*
• Ability to scale-out
• Better reliability
* Replaced hundreds of Microsoft IIS and SQL Servers with 48 TimesTen caches and one Oracle RAC system
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Dynamic Database Caching
Call Center Application Example
• Transparent loading of customer data from Oracle
Database• Load customer data dynamically
at the time of the call
• Improve database responsiveness for subsequent responsiveness for subsequent
operations
• Automatic data aging • Remove old or least-recently-used data to make room for new
callers
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Sliding Window Caching
Cache data from a specific time window for real-time management, monitoring and optimization
• Cache 5 days of shipments for real-time delivery status
• Cache last 15 minutes of RFID data for real-time WEDTUEMON RFID data for real-time process monitoring
• Cache last 90 days of ordersto speed searching by call agents or self-service portals
• Cache last 30 days of market data for analytics & simulation
WEDTUEMON
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For More Information
Oracle TimesTen Product Center on OTN:
http://oracle.com/technology/products/timesten
• Technology white papers• Technology white papers
• Quick Start Guide and tutorials
• Discussion Forum
• And more..
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