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Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)

Applied to the Smart Grid and Smart

Factory

Jamie Smith

Director of Business and Technology Technology

Data Acquisition and Controls

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Industrial Internet Consortium Testbeds

Time Sensitive Network

Testbed

http://www.ni.com/internet-of-things/

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Information Technology (IT) Operational Technology (OT)Converged Network

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Modern Machines

HIGH PERFORMANCE

I/OMACHINE VISION

PROCESS AND MACHINE

HEALTH MONITORING

MULTI-AXIS MOTION

CONTROLLER

SAFETY SYSTEMSMACHINE-MACHINE

INTEGRATIONLOCAL HMI

PLANT INTEGRATION,

PLM, SCADA

1µs 1µs 1µs 1µs

Closed-Loop Control at 5kHz

Waveform Streaming

for

Video and Data

(50 – 500 Mb/s)

Interoperability with

Other Equipment

(EtherCAT, PROFINET,

Ethernet/IP, OPC-UA, Modbus

TCP)

Security and IT

Integration

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Machine Control Smart Grid Heavy Equipment Test Cell

HIL Big PhysicsTest and

MeasurementStructural Health

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Technical Needs of Communications

Feature Need Needed For

Guaranteed

Bandwidth

Enable validation & analysis of system ability at

design time

Reliable Operations

High Bandwidth Enable high channel data and high speed

streaming

Streaming of Data

Bounded Latency

(and low)

Prioritize isochronous data over best effort on the

same interconnect to maintain specified latency

Control Applications

Clock

Synchronization

Allowing producers and consumers of

isochronous data to be phase coordinated

Allow Application synchronization

Synchronized IO and

Distributed Control

Distance Enable separation of IO from controller or

measurements of physically large systems

Application Dependent

Topology Provide physical options for wiring Application Dependent

Ecosystem Enable the inclusion of third party devices such

as drives

Application Dependent

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“Standard” Ethernet• Best-in-class approach for openness and

interoperability

• Cannot bound latency (needed for control

applications)

• Cannot guarantee bandwidth (needed for

reliability)

The ChallengeH

ard

wa

reS

oft

wa

re

Network Infrastructure

(Switches, cabling, etc)

Session, Presentation, and Application (Layers

5-7)

TCP/UDP (Layer 4)

IP (Layer 3)

MAC (Layer 2)

Physical (Layer 1)

Hard

wa

reS

oft

wa

re

Network Infrastructure

(Switches, cabling, etc)

Session, Presentation, and Application

(Layers 5-7)

TCP/UDP (Layer 4)

IP (Layer 3)

Special Hardware (Layer 2)

Physical (Layer 1)

Data Mux

“Hard Real-Time” Ethernet• Best-in-class approach for latency and

control

• Cannot “share the wire” (no third party

devices)

• Cannot scale with Ethernet (e.g. limited to

100 Mb/s)

• Proprietary HW/SW increases costs

Cu

sto

mS

tan

da

r

d

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TSN Standards Efforts

• Standards effort through IEEE 802 to improve latency and performance

while maintaining interoperability and openness

• Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) will provide:

• Time synchronization

• Bandwidth reservation and path redundancy for reliability

• Guaranteed bounded latency

• Low latency (cut-though and preemption)

• Bandwidth (Gb+)

• Routable to support complex networks and wireless

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Hard

ware

Soft

ware

Network Infrastructure

(Switches, cabling, etc)

Session, Presentation, and Application

(Layers 5-7)

TCP/UDP (Layer 4)

IP (Layer 3)

MAC (Layer 2)

Physical (Layer 1)

Control Data

Queue Controller

TSN Ethernet

• Key industrial, embedded, and

automotive vendors collaborating

to drive requirements

• Best-in-class approach for

control AND interoperability

• Bounded latency and guaranteed

bandwidth

• Scales with Ethernet

TSN-Based “Hard Real-Time” Ethernet Devices

Cu

sto

mS

tan

da

r

d

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Time Synchronization System ConfigurationTraffic Scheduling

Time Sensitive Networking: Key Elements

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IEEE Time Sensitive Networks OverviewStandard Area Title

IEEE 802.1ASrev, IEEE 1588

Timing & Synchronization Enhancements and Performance Improvements

IEEE 802.1Qbu & IEEE 802.3br

Forwarding and Queuing Frame Preemption

IEEE 802.1Qbv Forwarding and Queuing Enhancements for Scheduled Traffic

IEEE 802.1Qca Path Control and Reservation Path Control and Reservation

IEEE 802.1Qcc System Configuration Enhancements and Performance Improvements

IEEE 802.1Qci Time Based Ingress Policing Per-Stream Filtering and Policing

IEEE 802.1CB Seamless Redundancy Frame Replication & Elimination for Reliability

… Additional Projects Continual Evolution of the Standard

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IEEE 802.1AS, IEEE 1588 Time Synchronization

SummaryEnd-nodes and switches share time

Features• Synchronization of multiple systems using

packet based communication

• Synchronization is possible over very long

distances without impact from signal

propagation delay

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IEEE 802.1Qbv Traffic Scheduling

SummaryEvery egress on the network is scheduled and

follows a repeating cycle

Features• Deterministic arrival of packets

• Scalable design with ability to assure multiple

flows won’t conflict

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IEEE 802.1Qcc System Configuration

SummaryConsistent mechanism for network configuration

to meet the needs of end application

Features• Standard mechanism for configuration of all

network elements

• Configure “streams” between devices from

any supplier

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Additional Standardization Investments

Avnu Alliance

• Avnu Alliance – certification body for TSN-based

Ethernet solutions

• Assures an interoperable and conformant

ecosystem so system integration is possible

Industrial Internet Consortium

• Develops architectures to simplify multi-vendor

systems targeted at vertical applications

• Hosting a testbed focused on TSN for Smart

Manufacturing

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IIC TSN Testbed Topology

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Oak Ridge National Labs and NI

demonstrate grid with 100% renewable energy based on

CompactRIO and Time Sensitive Networking

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Microgrid Testbed (Future State)

Wind

Turbine

Inverter

Energy

Storage

Inverter

Solar

Inverter

Main

Grid

Connect

Resistiv

e Loads

Inductive

Loads

Time

Sensitive

Networks

Time

Sensitive

Networks

Time

Sensitive

Networks

Time

Sensitive

Networks

PQA for loads

DNP3

ModbusPMU for Frequency

(both sides of main tie)

DDS Databus(Potentially on TSN in the future)

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CompactRIO Controllers with Synchronization

• Components:

• Two new part numbers (variants

of cRIO-9035 and cRIO-9039)

• NI TSN software (LabVIEW

2016)

• Cisco switches (IE-4000, new

firmware/SW)

• Features:

• <100ns synchronization between

CompactRIOs on the network

• Deterministic communication over

standard Ethernet

• Converged control and IT traffic

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Industrial Internet Consortium Testbeds

Time Sensitive Network

Testbed

http://www.ni.com/internet-of-things/