Agenda

1. Gendered impacts of climate change vulnerability

2. Gender sensitive PES

3. Gender sensitive projects guidelines

4. Case Study: gender mainstreaming in APMAS

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Source: http://www.blogher.com/hot-women-climate-change-takes-its-toll

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Climate Change has gendered impacts

Women and children are 14 times more likely to die during natural disasters

0 Health: Pregnant and lactating women are more vulnerable to diseases

0 Extra Burden for Care: for sick children or elderly

0 Work increases: for collecting fuel, water

0 Economics: inflation, food prices rise hit hard to WHH

0 Safety and Security: women suffer greatly, including abuse, rape, beating, anxiety and depression

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Why More Vulnerability?: Roles

Roles Women Men

Do What? Where?

Reproductive work Care work

Productive work, Migrate for economic opportunities

Crops/Livestock Household Oriented Market Oriented

Dependence on Natural Resources

More Less

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Why More Vulnerability?: Resources Access

Resources Women Men

Income Lower income, dependent

Higher income, independent

Education Lesser More

Information, Network

fewer More

Assets, Land, Credit

Less More

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Why More Vulnerability?: Power

Power Women Men

Family Finances & Assets

Lesser Power to control savings, crop decisions

More Power to control

Community Politics

Less involved/influence

More involved/influence on local governance

Cultural Restrictions

More Less

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Gender Sensitive Vulnerability Analysis

0 Collect data separately for women’s and men’s Vulnerability (Types of hazards/level of impact)

0 Gender roles (who does what, who controls what)

0 Gender relations (who decides what)

0 Coping strategies of both women and men

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Gender in Payment for Environmental Services (PES)

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Are our solutions sensitive to gender, groups? (source: UNDP)

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Gender in PES-I

0 Understand women’s and men’s priorities in participating in PES Scheme (What they prioritize and why, e.g. Tree selection, participation approach)

0 Who takes decision at household and community level

0 Is PES elite captured?

0 Encourage women for participating/bidding

0 Have flexible payment schemes/cash-services package for women based on their priorities

0 Women might need additional trainings/support

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Gender in PES-II 0 Understand how women could be excluded from the

process or getting benefits from it

0 Understand and addresses differing practical and strategic needs of both genders- women’s education and health services

0 Consider women as not only victims, but active agents of change, who have deep understanding of their immediate environment, experience in managing natural resources

0 Monitor social relations to mitigate negative social impacts of PES

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Project Life Cycle

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Baseline Data

And

Situation Analysis

Project Planning

Implementation

Monitoring

&

Evaluation

Step 1: Gender Sensitive Situation Analysis

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0 Actively involve women, men, girls and boys from diverse social groups in the analysis and identification of needs

0 Gender Analysis of the Division of Labour and Access and Control of Resources

0 Identify how ground realities, rules, systems, structures, are different for different groups

0 Collect and analysis all baseline data disaggregated by sex

Step2: Planning/Design

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0 Project objectives should state the changes in terms of increased gender equality and women’s empowerment

0 Log frame, indicators are gender sensitized, SoV include voices of poor women, check assumptions too

0 Activity plans clarify how equal participation of women and men beneficiaries will be ensured

0 Budget allocated for women, women’s activities, ready to spend more to improve gender sensitivity if needed

Step 3: Gender Sensitive Project Implementation

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0 Involve women in the decision making at project management levels

0 Make sure women beneficiaries' participation doesn’t increase their workload and they get equitable returns for their participation

0 Make sure men understand why equal participation of women is important

0 Continued Gender budget analysis

Step 4: Monitoring and Evaluation

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0 Gender sensitize project logframe, project indicators

0 Add a specific gender component (monitor changes in gender relations, changes in decision making, Violence against women)

0 Gender Sensitive M&E plan and data collection activities (no HH, both women and men)

0 Gender sensitive data analysis and reporting

Institutional Factors

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0 Is working culture of organization conducive to the empowerment of women or do discriminatory attitudes and practices exist?

0 Are there gender sensitive recruitment practices, equal pay for equal work, equal access to career development opportunities, gender balance in staff at all levels spl. Management?

0 Is there collaboration/ communication with external groups working on gender, especially women’s groups?

0 Do family-friendly policies exist, e.g. flexible working hours, childcare?

Case Study- APMAS

0 IFAD-funded innovation project aimed at improving the development effectiveness and efficiency of pro-poor rural development programmes

0 Goal: Capacity building of PMU

0 Beneficiary countries- 4 at startup, 1 added later

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APMAS: Innovations on Gender Mainstreaming

Gender sensitive program design

Gender sensitive M&E, gender monitoring

Support to projects, gender

strategies, VC case studies

Gender Tools, Quiz, Audit/RGA

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Actors Towards One Goal: Gender Sensitive Projects

IFAD

PMUs

Service Providers

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Process/Actions Towards One Goal: Gender Sensitive Projects

GS of Institutional Processes

GS at implementation level

GS at design levels

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Country Project 2009

/10

2012/

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Lao PDR Northern Region Sustainable Livelihoods through

Livestock Development Project (NRSLLD)

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Lao PDR Rural Livelihoods Improvement Programme in

Attapeu and Sayabouri (RLIP)

4 4

Lao PDR Sustainable Natural Resource Management and

Productivity Enhancement Project (SNPMPEP)

4 4

Cambodia Rural Livelihoods Improvement Project in Kratie,

Preah Vihear and Ratanakiri (RULIP)

5 5

Vietnam Programme for Improving Market Participation of

the Poor in Ha Tinh and Tra Vinh Provinces (IMPP)

4 5

Vietnam Developing Business with the Rural Poor Programme 3 5

Vietnam Decentralized Programme for Rural Poverty

Reduction in Ha Giang and Quang Binh (DPRP)

3 5

Vietnam Pro-Poor Partnerships for Agroforestry

Development Project (3PAD)

4 5

Gender Focus Rating in PSR Improved

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Knowledge Management

Knowledge Sharing tools, Social media

Online Discussions

Materials Development,

Languages, Sharing

e-Learning

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Thank you!

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