Communists Take Power in China

Thursday April 10Warm Up QuestionsWhat two political parties go to war in China?

Why does the Civil War pause in 1937?

Who is the leader of the Communists?

What movement brought 3,000 angry students into Beijing?

How long was the Long March?What two political parties go to war in China?Nationalists and CommunistsWhy does the Civil War pause in 1937?Japan invades ManchuriaWho is the leader of the Communists?Mao ZedongWhat movement brought 3,000 angry students into Beijing? The May 4th Movement How long was the Long March?6,000 miles; over a year17.2Communists Take Power in ChinaCommunists vs NationalistsCivil war raged in China until 1937 when Japan invaded Manchuria WW2 in ChinaMao ZedongCommunist leaderGuerrilla warfare against the Japanese in the NortheastBy 1945, Communists controlled northern ChinaNationalists Jiang Jieshi Controlled southwestern ChinaProtected from Japanese by mountain rangeUS sent money to help combat JapaneseMoney went to corrupt officials After WW2Civil War resumed

Civil War, Part 2

1946 to 1949Nationalists started with the advantageOutnumbered Communist armyDidnt have the popular supportSoldiers deserted to Communists Had the popular supportNationalists fled to Taiwan Two ChinasTaiwan Nationalist ChinaPeoples Republic of China

US aided Jiang Jieshi Soviets aided Mao ZedongAlliance between Stalin and MaoExpansionTibet, India, Inner Mongolia Brutal take over of TibetDalai Lama leader of Tibetfled to India

Communists Transform China

Mandate of Heaven Established two parallel organizationsThe Communist Party and the national governmentMao headed both until 1959Marxist Socialism 1950Mao seized land from landowners Killed those who resisted Divided land among the peasants Forced them to join collective farms Transformed industry and business Private companies nationalized 5 year planHigh production goals for coal, cement, steel and electricity The Great Leap Forward1958Large collective farms communes Peasants worked land together with around 25,000 peopleLived communally Owned nothingOnly the state profited by labor Led to a famine in 1961 that killed 20 million

Soviet and Chinese cooperation fadeMao reduced role in government Farm families could live in own homes; sell crops on private plots Factory workers could compete for wages and promotions Mao didnt approve; wanted stronger communist control learn revolution by making revolution High school and college students answered the call Red GuardsCultural RevolutionGoal: Establish a society of peasants and workers in which all were equalPeasants who worked with hands considered new heroLife of the mind: useless and dangerous Shut down colleges and schoolsIntellectuals had to purify themselves by working hard labor Army ordered to put down Red Guards in 1968