thesis_background.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Location Modeling and Machine Location Modeling and Machine Learning in Smart EnvironmentsLearning in Smart Environments
Robert WhitakerRobert Whitaker
Supervisor: A/Prof Judy KaySupervisor: A/Prof Judy Kay A/Prof Bob KummerfeldA/Prof Bob Kummerfeld
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OverviewOverview
Problem Previous Work Possible Data Sources Tools Available Issues
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Thesis TopicThesis Topic
Explore ways of determining a persons current location and activity
Explore ways of predicting a persons location/activity using Location Modeling and Machine Learning
The results returned must be scrutable
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Possible SituationPossible Situation
Where’s Boris Scenario Wish to organize a meeting with
another person where the time suits both parties
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Possible StepsPossible Steps
Contact the person you wish to meet Both people would look at their
schedules and negotiate a time Both parties agree on the time they are
to meet
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Possible ProblemsPossible Problems
One of the persons schedule may be incomplete
When you arrive at the meeting time the person is not there. Should you wait? Where is the person?
What if you can’t connect the person to organise the meeting
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High Level ViewHigh Level View
PDA
Machine Use Saving of RawData Database of Raw
Facts
Conversion intoLogical
RepresentationDatabase ofLogical DataUser Model
Creator - personisData store of
model info
User
Where is X mostlikely to be?
Build Result Setusing Markov
Model
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Previous WorkPrevious Work
Active Badge Project Lancaster Guide Project Doppelganger Activity Compass Project
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Active Badge ProjectActive Badge Project
First Indoor positioning system Users wear badges to emit their
location Applied to teleporting Active Bat project extended the basic
concepts developed
Source: Nigel Davies and Hans-Werner Gellersen Beyond Prototypes: Challenges in Deploying Ubiquitous Systems. IEEE Pervasive Computing, Volume 1 (Jan-March 2002). 26-35.
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Lancaster Guide ProjectLancaster Guide Project
A tourist guide for the city of Lancaster Used tablet PC’s connected to a
802.11 network Limited by the infrastructure
capabilities.
Source: 1. Nigel Davies and Hans-Werner Gellersen Beyond Prototypes: Challenges in Deploying Ubiquitous Systems. IEEE Pervasive Computing, Volume 1 (Jan-March 2002). 26-35.2. The Guide Project, http://www.guide.lancs.ac.uk
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Lancaster Guide InterfaceLancaster Guide Interface
Source: The Guide Project, http://www.guide.lancs.ac.uk
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DoppelgangerDoppelganger
Generalized tool for gathering, processing and providing information about users
Learning Techniques Beta Distribution Linear Prediction Markov Models
DopMail
Source: Orwant, J., Heterogeneous Learning in the Doppelganger User Modeling System. in User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, (1995), 107-130.
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DoppelgangerDoppelganger
Applications
BetaDistribution
Linear Prediction
MarkovModels
LearningToolboxSensors
Source: Orwant, J., Heterogeneous Learning in the Doppelganger User Modeling System. in User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, (1995), 107-130.
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Activity Compass ProjectActivity Compass Project
Location Modeling to help disabled PDA device application developed to
assist with location tracking Tracking movements and comparing
them to a map Prediction algorithms used Relational
Markov Models
Source: Patterson, D.J., Etzioni, O. and Kautz, H. The Activity Compass, University of Washington, 2003.
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Prototype of Activity CompassPrototype of Activity Compass
Source: Patterson, D.J., Etzioni, O. and Kautz, H. The Activity Compass, University of Washington, 2003.
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Possible Data SourcesPossible Data Sources
Bluetooth Devices Machine Learning
Windows Based Unix Based
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ToolsTools
Personis Elvin Messaging Bspy Markov Modeling Toolkits Manual Logs for Evaluation Purposes
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PersonisPersonis
User modeling software Accretion representation
Consists of components which model aspects of the user
Allows the user model to be scruntised
Source: Kay, J., Kummerfeld, B. and Lauder, P., Managing private user models and shared personas. in Workshop on User Modelling for Ubiquitous Computing, (Pittsburgh, USA, 2003).
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Example of User ModelExample of User Model
Output from Personis: Modeling the locations where the user has been
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Elvin MessagingElvin Messaging
Publish/Subscribe Messaging System Messages routed by content Application: sending messages
between sensors and modeling software
Elvin Router
Client
Client Client
Client
Source: Mantara Software Elvin Administrator's Guide, 2003.
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BspyBspy
Bluetooth positioning system Detects Bluetooth devices and logs
them to a database Uses Elvin messages to send
information from sensor to database
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Example DataExample Data
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Markov Modeling ToolkitsMarkov Modeling Toolkits
Hidden Markov Modeling Package – Python
Matlab Hidden Markov Package Markov Chain Algorithm Cambridge Markov Modeling Toolkit
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Manual LogsManual Logs
Records activity and location in 15 min blocks
Provides some example data to develop the algorithms off
Used for the evaluation of the learning algorithm
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Code SheetCode Sheet
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Manual LogManual Log
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Research IssuesResearch Issues
Representation of location and activity Creation of data sets Modeling Time
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QuestionsQuestions