The Thirteen Colonies

Chapter 5

The New England ColoniesPuritans Arrive

• Puritans coming from England to settle on Mass. Bay

• Practicing religious beliefs – wouldn’t let anyone settle if had different beliefs

• John Winthrop governor • Built city on hill so all would look up to them

Change & Conflict

• Some thought they should be able to follow own beliefs

• Roger Williams & Anne Hutchinson disagreed• Expelled from Mass. So started Rhode Island• King Phillips war took place because colonists

were taking over Native American land – many died

Life in New England

• Everyone had to attend church on Sun. or punished

• People did things together –work, worship, & school

• Voting at town meetings was done by male church members

• Started Harvard University• Women cooked & men farmed & hunted

New England’s Economy

• Farming, fishing, ship building, & trading• England had strict rules in trading – exports

could only be sent to England or English colonies & they could only buy imports from England

Middle Passage

• Triangular Trade Routes – shipped goods from colonies, England, West Indies & Africa

• Middle Passage was a path that sent slaves to the English colonies

• Treated poorly and many died• Colonists began to form groups against slave

trade

Middle ColoniesSettling Middle Colonies

• New Netherland tried to claim land but English warships took over

• England started New York & New Jersey • Quakers settled these colonies – they believed

that all were equal• Wanted refuge or safe place because were

arrested do to not showing loyalty to king

Pennsylvania

• William Penn was proprietor – owner – of Pennsylvania & Delaware

• Wanted all to live together regardless of religion peacefully – welcomed all immigrants

• Wrote Frame of Govt of Penn – stating you’d have freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and trial by jury

Life in Middle Colonies

• Great Awakening allowed anyone to practice religion

• Became part of social life & lots of diversity• Philadelphia largest city – Ben Franklin started

hospital, college, library and fire station

Breadbasket Colonies

• Grew wheat, corn, and rye• Most families would take goods to ports –

trade at general store• New York City & Philadelphia were large ports• Men becoming apprentices by learning a trade

Southern ColoniesMaryland & Virginia

• Had tobacco as cash crop• Located near Chesapeake Bay & Potomac

River• Calverts founded Maryland – place for

Catholics to live• Maryland – had proprietor & Virginia had

governor• Toleration Act gave religious freedom to all

Carolinas & Georgia

• Georgia – had debtors – people who owed money to settle the lands

• Plantations & slavery helped economy• Carolina divided into North & South• Tobacco & corn in NC & rice in SC• Had constitution to adopt laws but proprietors

still had most power

Heading West

• Settlers headed to back country to settle using Great Wagon Road

• Settlers were destroying NA villages• Pushed NA off lands, fought back, & some

captured and put to work on plantations

Slavery in the Colonies

• Mid 1700’s slavery was legal in all 13 colonies• Treated poorly by owners• Escaped slaves attended school & wanted to

help others be free

Life in the South

• Most people lived or worked on plantations & had slaves

• Colonists had small farms• Large cities & ports for importing & exporting

goods• 1st college in south – College of William &

Mary

Southern Economy

• Tobacco, rice, & indigo were the main cash crops

• Indigo seeds came from West Indies• Ship building was an important industry• Brokers who would buy & sell goods for

owners

Test Review for Thursday 2-4

• Why did Puritans start the Massachusetts Bay Colony?• What does diversity mean?• Why did Calverts establish colony of Maryland?• What caused King Philip’s War?• What are imports?• What was the self government that the Middle Colonies use?• Why was Philadelphia a good location for imports?• How did people become artisans?• Where did people go on the Great Wagon Road?• Where did enslaved people work in southern colonies?

Essay ?’s

• What were some of the trade rules for the New England Colonies?

• Effect of the Great Awakening?• How did the Puritans create “a city on a hill”?• How did Roger Williams & Anne Hutchinson

voice their opinion about New England?• How did slavery develop differently in the New

England, Middle, & Southern colonies?