The Technological World

The Design Process In order to design a product, an

engineer must accomplish 3 steps: Design

Blueprints, review sketches etc… Production

Manufacture the product (building) Marketing

You need to sell the product

Design 1st step: either you have a brilliant new idea

or a company asks you to build something for them.

2nd step: either you are modifying an older product or you are creating one from scratch.

3rd step: carry out the necessary steps to finish your design (write specifications and draw technical drawings)

4th step: manufacture a prototype (first copy of the object you want to make)

Production 1st step: prepare a manufacturing

process sheet (the steps required to build the object)

2nd step: manufacture the product 3rd step: write the instructional manual

Marketing 1st step: market the product (set the sale

price, promote the object, setup a delivery system)

2nd step: setup a maintenance system (if the object needs to be repaired or someone needs spare parts)

3rd step: discard or recycle the product (once the object is no longer useful – how will you dispose of it – it must meet environmental requirements)

Specifications When a company requests a certain

product, they will tell the engineering firm exactly how they want it: they will write a set of specifications. The specifications define and specify the

company’s requirements. Components of specifications: standards the

object must meet (height, weight, function), cost, deadline, and other characteristics.

Many perspectives to consider When writing specifications, you must consider

different perspectives or points of view: Physical (natural elements: rain and rust) Technical (how fast can the car go) Economic (any and all costs) Industrial (tool requirements and qualified

workers) Human (will people like the object) Environmental (is the object or its production

“green”)

Technical Diagrams Diagrams are used in the design step.

Simple representation of the object 2 types of technical diagrams:

The design plan The technical drawing

Design Plan and Technical Drawing Design Plan: describes the elements

that make up an object and explains how it works.

Technical drawing: shows the precise arrangement of the object (how different parts are linked together).

Standard Symbols

There are regularly used symbols in technical drawing (technical alphabet).

Specifications (manufacturing process sheet) The Specifications sheet is a document

which describes every stage in the manufacturing of an object.

Raw Materials, Materials, and Equipment Raw material: a substance of natural

origin that goes through a transformation. Example: trees

Material: a raw material that was transformed into a material. Example: lumber

Equipment: an object, instrument, tool or machine. Example: scissors

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