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The Sa,&

Kim Samdaeja

Born in 1942. B.A., College of Fine Arts, Ewha WomensUniversity, 1965; M.A. in Fine Arts, Ewha Womens University, 1969. Assistant teacher in Decorative Arts Department of Ewha Womens University, 1972-74. Assistant curator at the Na- tional Folk Museum, 1975-84; as associate curator at the National Museum ofKoreasince 1984. Publica- tions include articles on the lighting implements of the Chosõn dynasty; dwellings ofthe Koryõ dynasty and royal household fans of the Chosõn dynasty.

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K O R E A N FOLK ARTS at Dankook University.

SUK JOO-SUN MEMORIAL MUSEUM O F

Joo-szcn M e m o d Maseam of Korean FoZk Arts

The Suk Joo-sun Memorial Museum of Korean Folk Arts occupies some 2,500 square metres on one underground level and three floors of a building in Dankook University, Seoul. The collection is made up of traditional Korean costumes, or- naments and accessories.

The museum is open every Tuesday and Thursday from 10 a.m. to 4 p .m. and is closed on national and public holidays, school vacations and university holidays, all subject to change as deemed necessary by the museum.

Its activities include the study and col- lection of traditional artefacts, the pub- lication of research papers, the hosting of academic meetings and special exhibi- tions, the exchange of research papers with other institutions at home and abroad, and restoration of traditional costumes and related endeavours.

The museum came into being thanks to a donation of artefacts by Dr Suk Joo- sun, professor of the Graduate School of Dankook University and an authority on traditional Korean costume. This collec- tion totalling 3,365 items consisted of clothing, ornaments and related items. Shortly after Dr Suk's donation, Dankook University decided to build a

museum in order to commemorate Dr Suk who had dedicated her life to academic research, education and the preservation of the artefacts she had col- lected over a half-century. The museum opened its doors on 2 May 1981.

Through purchases and donations, the number of artefacts in the collection has grown from the original 3,365 pieces at the time of the opening of the museum to 4,745 pieces. The breakdown is as follows: headgear, 610 items; hairpins and hair ornaments, 641 items; personal ornaments, 302 items; clothes, 1,433 items. Hyungbae (chest insignia), 77 items; belts, 260 items; pouches, 136 items; footwear, 140 items; (lighting im- plements, fans, folding screens, bed- clothes, etc.).

The museum's continuous record of achievement in research and restoration should be mentioned here. In 1978, the costume of Amitayus Buddha (tatagata) of the Koryö dynasty (918-1392) was thoroughly researched. In 1979, the robe and the belt of General Pak Sin-yong (1575-1627) were also researched and designated as Important Folklore Material No. 110. In July 1980, fifty-four items of the shroud of Yi b u n g (circa

37 Gallery No. 3 of the museum in which are displayed ornaments, head-dresses and accessories.

The SUR Too-sun Memoria( Museum o f Korean Folk Arts 17

38 Gallery of royal

No. 4 with its costumes.

adm irable col1 .ection

1580) and of his daughter-in-law, Mme Han from Ch’ongju, unearthed at Kwach’õn, Kyõnggi province, were received, restored and designated as Im- portant Folkore Material No. 114. In Oc- tober of the same year, thirty-three items of the shroud of one Hong Kye-kang and his wife (1400-50), unearthed at their common tomb at Yangp’yõng, Kyõnggi province, were received and restored. In June 1981, the museum received and restored the sixty-six elements of the shroud of prince T’amnüng. (A.D. 1636-1731), great grandson of King Sõn- jo of the Chõson dynasty unearthed in Kyõnggi province. In September 1982, the museum studied the robes of the Buddhist monk Taegakkuksa in the col-

39 Gallery No. 1. Mannequin wearing the traditional costume of a young nobleman.

lection of Sonam-sa Temple in South Chõlla province. In October of the same year, the museum received and restored the shroud of the mummy of one Mme HÕ which had been excavated from a tomb in Midong Village, South Ch’ungch’ong province.

In August 1983, articles left by Tong- gye Chõng-on (1569-1641, a high court official during the reign of King Injo) at Kõch’ang-gun, South Kyõngsang pro- vince were examined and submitted for designation as Important Folklore Mate- rial.

The first special exhibition was held Ju- ly 1981 and displayed the shroud of Yi Ön-ung and Mme Han of Ch’õngju. The second special exhibition was held a year

later and was devoted to the shroud of Prince T’amnüng unearthed at Yong-in, and of Hong Kye-kang and his wife unearthed at Yangp’yõng.

The first academic seminar was held in May 1983 to celebrate the second an- niversary of the opening of the museum and the second seminar on 2 May 1984 in commemoration of its third year.

The museum has played a pioneering role in promoting exhibitions of tradi- tional Korean costumes at home and abroad-it was responsible, for example, for all the restoration work carried out on costumes destined for display at Korean Cultural Centers in the United States.

The permanent exhibition, gallery No. 1 displays dressed mannequins of a child

38 Ch ‘on Hye-bong

at his first birthday banquet and a couple at their wedding ceremony, together with scholars, farmers, women, tavern hostess- es, Risaeng (women entertainers) and alms-collecting monks (pindpatika). Gallery No. 2 contains the T’ang dress of Princess Tõk-on (1822-44, designated as Important Folklore Material No. 1; the complete official costume of Sim Tong- sin (first deputy-premier during the reign of King Kojong 1852-1919) and design- ated as Important Folklore Material No. 2; jackets (chogon) of King Kojong; the formal robe (yyon@’o) of the King’s Regent Hüngsön (1820-98) in purple and red, and a hand fan decorated

with drawings of grass and insects used by Mother Queen Hyoüi (Queen of King Chõngjo 1753-1821). Other royal articles are also displayed here.

Gallery no 3 displays official hats, hair- grooming accessories and footwear: felt hats (põnggõjz), horse-hair hats, wo- men’s brow-covering winter head-dresses (ayam), head covers (chohun), flowery crowns, and other items of head-gear, belts for official use, hairpins and hair or- naments (such as ttõfiam, yongjam or hgkkakcham) for ordinary and official uses, ribbons and other ornaments, tripartite pendants, encased ornamental knives, wooden shoes, hemp-cord san-

dals, deer-skin shoes and other related footwear.

Gallery No. 4 contains official court dresses on mannequins representing a king, a queen, prince, princess, the king’s son-in-law, the regent and his wife, other members of the royal family, civilian and military officials, soldiers and court ladies, and many others personages who were permitted inside the royal palaces on business. In addition, various kinds of seals, traditional identification tags or chest insignia, beads attached to official hats as well as many other articles are displayed.

Szclzg-Am Archives of CZassicaZ Literatare Ch’on Hye-bong

Born in 1926 at Hwasong. M.A. in library science, Yonsei University, 1963. Ph.D. in Library Science, Sungkyunkwan University. Director of the Univer- sity Library at Sungkyunkwan University. Now pro- fessor of history and library science at Sunkyun- kwam University. He is the author of numerous articles on ancient Korean painting techniques.

The Sung-Am Archives of Classical Literature were created in 1974 thanks to a donation by the architect Cho Byung-soon, whose nom de plume is Sung-Am. This institution’s purpose is the collection and public use of the Republic of Korea’s printed cultural materials.

While leafing through classical works handed down in his family as family treasures, architect Cho was awakened to the fact that in addition to its exquisite wooden block printing technique dating from as early as the beginning of the eighth century A.D. Korea has also de- vised and developed by the early thir- teenth century the world’s first movable metal type. It appeared clear to him therefore that much printed material of both the older wooden block technique as well as movable metal type printing had to be extant and, proud of such a heritage, he became greatly interested in its collection and preservation. Having established himself in the architectural profession, he began to devote himself increasingly to the collection of printed and printing materials. His collection grew to include old books and archives, examples of moulded type and epigraph- ical evidence on the evolution of printing

1974 that the archives, located on the fifth floor of the Taesön building in Seoul, should be opened for public display. The basic facilities consist of a permanent exhibition gallery, office and conference room on the fifth floor and a library on the sixth floor. In this exhibi- tion gallery, printed books antedating by about 200 years’ those produced by the movable metal type of Johann Guten- berg, as well as other materials needed for the study of the development of printing technique are on public display.

Books are the mainstay of the archives’ collection, and by September 1975 a total of over 30,000 titles had been indexed and published. The master index of the collection consists of 598 pages of author indices and 28 pages of titles.

Books printed by both wooden block and movable type from the early period of the Koryõ dynasty (tenth to fourteenth centuries A.D.) through the closing period of the Chosõn dynasty (fourteenth to twentieth centuries) have been registered systematically. Among the books, there are many which merit designation as National Treasures and at present three titles are actually being con- sidered for such designation. Two of these are wooden-block printed copies of

technology. In just over a decade,the col- lection had attained considerable Propor- tions, so much so that it was decided in

1. Twenty copies of a book were printed using metal type in 1234, during the reign of Emperor Kojong of Koryõ.