the rise of hitler and the nazi party - mr. manankichian's ...€¦ · adolf hitler ’s early...
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DoNOW!Gotomywebsiteandopenthefiletitled“RiseofHitlerandNazisinGermanyNotes”
Ontheendofthefileintheemptyspaceanswerthefollowingquestions:◦“HowdoyouthinkHitlerrosetopowerinGermany?”◦“WhydoyouthinkpeoplevotedorfollowedsomeonelikeHitler?”
TheRiseofHitlerandtheNaziParty
AdolfHitler’sEarlyLifeHitlerwasbornonApril20th,1889inAUSTRIA
Hehadapoorrelationshipwithhisfatherandwasveryclosetohismother
Hewasanaspiringpainter,andwastwicerejectedbytheAcademyofFineArtsinVienna
Itwasatthistime,in1908,thatHitlerbeganamovementbasedonthebeliefsthatGermanswerethemasterrace
HitlerinWWI HitlerpleadedtobeintheBavarian(astateinGermany)ArmyandwasgrantedhisrequestHeservedasamessengerinaregimentthatexposedhimtoenemyfire(story)HewasshotinthelegandsufferedfromapoisongasattackHewasawardedtheIronCross– thehighestmilitaryhonorinGermany
TheWeimarRepublicThegovernmentincontrolbeforetheriseoftheNazis.TheywereveryunpopularafterWWIforseveralreasons:• ItwasassociatedwiththeTreatyofVersailleswhichwasextremelyunpopularinGermany• Itwasassociatedwiththemassiveinflationandeconomicruinofthe20’s•DemocracywasnotrunningsmoothlyinGermany,thereweretoomanypartiesandnoclearmajority
• Germany had many problems after WWI:• Lost lands that contained valuable natural
resources,• 2 ½ million Germans died,• 4 million were wounded,• Industry (factories) & farms in the country had
been destroyed, and highways, bridges, & roads were demolished.
• Government worked to fix these things, but a major obstacle stood in the way…• Treaty of Versailles:
o Germany had to pay reparations (payments) to the Allied countries for war damages, which left them in massive debt.
o Germany was forbidden to have a large army or navy, many military people lost their jobs
o Germany also lost a lot of its land and colonies. The loss of colonies meant German industry had trouble getting materials for its factories.
• Prices went up as goods became scarce (less available).
• Basic items such as food and clothing were not always available.
• Men had trouble finding jobs to support their families.
• In order to pay their debt, the government decided to print more money. The value of German money became extremely inflated…
HitlerandEarlyPoliticsHitlerhelpedformtheNationalSocialistGermanWorkers’ Party(Nazi)in1919andassumedleadershipin1921BeerHallPutsch(‘pooch’)November8th,1923◦AttemptbyHitlertoseizepowerandoverthrowthegovernment.◦ TheattemptfailedandHitlerwasimprisonedforfiveyearsforhightreason.
MeinKampfHitlerwroteMeinKampf (“MyStruggle)in1925whilehewasinprison
ThisbecametheNaziideology– anditattackedJews,Communists,democracy,andtheTreatyofVersailles.ItblamedthosegroupsforallofGermany’sproblems
HitleralsowrotethatGermansneededmoreroom.HowdoyouthinkhefeltGermansshouldgetmorespace?
Thebooksold/distributed10millioncopiesbetween1925-1934
Hitler’sRisetoPowerBy1932,theNaziPartywasthebiggestpoliticalpartyandheld230seats
Hitlerroseuptheranksandwasgiventhetitleofchancellor(theleaderupGermany’slawmakingbranch)
Justbeforethe1933election,theReichstag(parliament)wasburnedtotheground.ThepresidentofGermany,fearfulforhislife, grantedthechancellorfullcontroltodealwiththeuprising.Hitlernowhadthepowertodowhathewanted.
Hitler’sRisetoPowerTheEnablingAct
Afterthe1933election,HitlerproposedtheEnablingAct,whichwouldessentiallygivehimadictatorship– anditpassed!
TheEnablingAct…◦ Bannedallpoliticalpartiesexceptone(Nazis)◦ Jewswerenotallowedtobeincivilserviceprofessions
◦ LocalandstategovernmentswerestaffedbyNazimembers
HitlerSecuresAbsolutePowerWhenthepresidentofGermanydiedin1934,ParliamentdeclaredHitlerPresident.(ratherthanholdingelections)ThemilitarysworeanoathtoHitler,notthestateHitlerhadobtainedabsolutepower,andGermanybecameknownastheThirdReich
WhyVoteforHitler?1. Truebelievers
◦ ThesepeoplesharedthesameideologyasHitlerandbelievedhewastheirsavior–fromthedepression,theJews,theCommunists,andtheTreatyofVersailles.TheywereangeredtoseetheGermanpeopleweakenedandwantedtoriseagain.
2. Ignorance◦ PeopledidnotconsiderHitlertobeareal
threat
3. Didnottakehimseriously◦ PeoplejustthoughtHitlerwas‘odd’
4. Newpartyneeded◦ Thedepressionandhyperinflation
highlightedtheneedfornewpoliticalleadership.HeseemedlikeapoliticianwhowouldgetthingsdoneforGERMANY
TheNaziPartyHistoryoftheSwastika
TheSwastikaisareligioussymbolusedbytheEgyptians,Chinese,Romanarmies,andmanyothers
TheSwastikameansgoodluck!
TheNaziPartyusedtheSwastikabecausetheyfeltithadconnectionstooriginalcastesystemsthatavoidedracialmixing
TheSwastikaisbannedinmostcountries,exceptforreligiousorscholarlyreasons
HinduismJainism Nazism
TheNaziParty
TheSA(“BrownShirts”)
Hitler’sprivatearmyTheybulliedopponentsintoobeyingtheNaziPartyhowever,onceHitlerrosetopower,hehadtheSAreplacedbyaneworganization– theSS
ErnstRohm
TheNaziPartyTheSS(“BlackShirts”)
TheSSwereHitler’sprivatebodyguardsandwereledbyHeinrichHimmlerTheyarrestedandkilledanyonewhochallengedHitlerTheSStookoverlawenforcementinGermanyandimplementedthe‘FinalSolution’ Himmler
TheNaziParty
TheGestapoTheGestapowerethesecretpoliceofNaziGermanyTheyinvestigatedtreason,espionage,andsabotagecasesagainsttheNaziPartyTheGestapoalsosetupandadministeredtheconcentrationcamps
TheNaziPartyHitlerYouthTheHitlerYouthwasanorganizationundertheNaziPartyBy1936,theyhadoverfivemillionmembersintheorganizationTheywereindoctrinatedinanti-Semitism,andevendraftedintothemilitaryranksduringWWII
TheHitlerState“OttoBauer,a56yearoldbusinessman,saidonatraininJune1942thatGermanshadtwoalternatives:tokillHitlerorbekilledbyhim.Hewasoverheardbyamarriedcouplewhoreportedhim[totheGestapo].HewasbeheadedonSeptember16,1943forcausingdiscontentandunrest.”ItwasbyusingfearthatHitlerhadstoppedfreedomofspeechandexpression–everyonehadtoobeyNazipolicy,orfacetheconsequences!