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The Progressive Era • To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? • In what ways did the responsibilities of the federal government grow during this time of reform? • To what extent did the Progressive Era successfully address the economic, political, and social problems of the Gilded Age?

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Page 1: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

The Progressive Era• To what extent did the United States

become more democratic during the Progressive Era?

• In what ways did the responsibilities of the federal government grow during this time of reform?

• To what extent did the Progressive Era successfully address the economic, political, and social problems of the Gilded Age?

Page 2: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

CAUSES

Growth of Industry

Growth of Cities

THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT

(1900-1920)

EFFECTS

Political Social Economic

Presidents and Themes

Page 3: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

POLITICAL REFORMS

1) Extend or protect political rights of previously disenfranchised groups

2) Are intended to make public officials more accountable to the public

3) Attack corruption and abuses of power by public officials.

Page 4: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

POLITICAL EFFECTS

• Political reforms: - secret ballots- initiative, referendum, and recall- direct primaries- 17th amendment= direct election of

senators- 19th amendment= women’s suffrage

• Decline of machine politics

• Split in Republican Party, 1912

Page 5: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

SOCIAL REFORMS

Reforms that seek to protect and promote the

human and social rights of deprived groups in society.

Page 6: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

SOCIAL EFFECTS

• Laws protecting workers

• Settlement houses and social work (Jane Addams)

• Prohibition (18th amendment)

• Birth control for women (Margaret Sanger)

• Beginning of a movement for civil rights for African Americans (W.E. B. Du Bois & Booker T. Washington)

Page 7: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

ECONOMIC REFORMS

Reforms that seek to control corporate

behavior and check the abuses practiced by large

corporations.

Page 8: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

ECONOMIC EFFECTS

• Regulation of big business

• Lower tariffs

• Reformed banking system

• Conservation of land and water

• 16th amendment=federal income tax

Page 9: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

PROGRESSIVE ERA PRESIDENTS

• Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909)Republican

• William Howard Taft (1909-1913)Republican

• Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)Democrat

Page 10: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

3 Main Goals of the Progressive Movement

1. Make the government more democratic (more power in the hands of the people)

2. Ameliorate the effects of industrialization

3. Rein in the corporations through government regulation of big business

Page 11: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

IMPORTANT THEMESor “BIG IDEAS” in US History

Increasing the power of the federal government

US becoming more democratic

Page 12: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

What group of people brought the problems of industrialization and urbanization to the

attention of the American people?

How did they do it?

Page 13: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Muckrakers were investigative journalists who exposed the “underside”

of American life.

____

Muckrakers exposed a variety of problems ranging from political

corruption to child labor and the abuses of big business.

Page 14: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the
Page 15: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the
Page 16: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Notable Muckrakers

• Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives (1889)

• Lincoln Steffens, Shame of the Cities (1904)

• Ida Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company (1904)

• John Spargo, Bitter Cry of the Children (1906)

• Upton Sinclair, The Jungle (1906)

Page 17: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Jacob Riis1849-1914

Photojournalist who believed that the “poor were the victims rather than the makers of their fate."

How the Other Half Lives, an illustrated account of city life, was published in 1889 and brought the problems of urbanization to the attention of city leaders including Theodore Roosevelt.

<http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAriis.htm>

Page 18: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Long ago, it was said that “one half the world does not know how the other half lives.” That was true then. It did not know because it did not care. The half that was on top cared little for the struggles and less for the fate of those who were underneath, so long as it was able to hold them there and keep its own seat. There came a time when the discomfort and crowding below was so great, and consequent upheavals so violent, that it was no longer an easy thing to do, and then the upper half fell to inquiring what was the matter. Information on the subject has been accumulating rapidly since, and the whole world has its hands full answering for its old ignorance.

Page 19: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Street Arabs in Night-quarters,

Mulberry Street,

c. 1890, lantern slide, Museum of the City

of New York,

The Jacob A. Riis Collection, 90.13.2.9

Page 20: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Organized Charity, Outdoor School

(for children with tuberculosis)

c. 1890, lantern slide, Museum of the City

of New York,

The Jacob A. Riis Collection, 90.13.2.44

Page 21: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Children's Playground in Poverty,

c. 1890, hand-colored lantern slide, Museum of the City of New York,

The Jacob A. Riis Collection, 90.13.2.69

Page 22: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

                                                            

A Flat in the Pauper's Barracks with All Its Furniturehttp://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA01/Davis/photography/images/riisphotos/slideshow1.html

Page 23: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

A New York Tenement Flat

1910http://www.usc.edu/programs/cst/deadfiles/lacasis/ansc100/library/images/397.html

Page 24: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

Why are the photographs in How the Other Half Lives, valuable historical sources?

Page 25: The Progressive Era To what extent did the United States become more democratic during the Progressive Era? In what ways did the responsibilities of the

The Jacob A. Riis Collection

The Museum of the City of New York

Images from:

http://www.mcny.org/Exhibitions/riis/riis3.htm


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