Presented by : Mohammad Azim

Index

IntroductionNanotechnologyParts of nanotechnologyNanofabricationNanoparticles & ProcessNanoscaleAdvantage of nanotechnologyDisadvantage of nanotechnologyApplication of nanotechnologyCNTS

Presentation On Basic Nanotechnology

Nano=One Billionth Of meterTechnology=The knowledge in field of

science & engineeringNanotechnology (very small) is technique to

manipulate of structure of matter at the molecular scale

• The science of manipulating atoms and molecules to make new materials and devices.

• Interdisciplinary – where science and engineering interconnect

• Occurs at the 1-100 nanometer range –One nanometer is 10-9 meters or about

3 atoms long. for comparison, a human hair is about 60-80,000 nanometers wide

Nanotechnology is often divided into two parts: Nanoscience – Where researchers learn about the chemical

and physical properties of materials at the 1- 100 nanometer (nm) scale. materials at 1-100 nm are called nanostructures. they are the smallest things that can be made.

Nanotechnology – Where researchers develop and apply materials at this scale to develop new products or methods; i.e., turning nanostructures into useable tools and applications

Two Parts of Nanotechnology

Basically means small technology.The manupulation of the structure of matter

at the molecular scale.Bottom up nanofabrication-start with

individual atoms and build upwards to make a nanostructure

Top down fabrication –start with large material and bring it down to the nanoscale

Nanofabrication

AT THE NANOSCALE, PROPERTIES LVES THE MANUFACTURING AND APPLICATION OF INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS THAT HAVE UNIQUE OF MATERIALS BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY AND ARE SAID TO BEHAVE UNDER ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR RULES. RESEARCHERS ARE USING THESE UNIQUE PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS AT THIS SMALL SCALE TO CREATE NEW AND EXCITING TOOLS AND PRODUCTS IN ALL AREAS OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING.

Properties and Nanotechnology

Nanoparticle• Gold nanoparticles are emerging as

promising agents for cancer therapy and are being investigated as drug carriers, photothermal agents, contrast agents and radiosensitisers.

Where Nanotechnology Stands NowIn recent years, the u.s. food and drug

administration (fda) has approved numerous investigational new drug (ind) applications for nano-formulations, enabling clinical trials for breast, gynecological, solid tumor, lung, mesenchymal tissue, lymphoma, central nervous system and genito-urinary cancer treatments.

NANOPARTICLES

ProcessOnce the nanoparticle has safely traveled

through the blood stream, it binds to the tumor cell

Advantages Of NanotechnologyProtects drugs from being degraded in the body

before they reach their target.Enhances the absorption of drugs into tumors

and into the cancerous cells themselves.Allows for better control over the timing and

distribution of drugs to the tissue, making it easier for oncologists to assess how well they work.

Prevent drugs from interacting with normal cells, thus avoiding side effects.

Disadvantages of Nanotechnology

Atomic weapons can now be more accessible and made to be more powerful and more destructive. these can also become more accessible with nanotechnology.

Since these particles are very small, problems can actually arise from the inhalation of these minute particles, much like the problems a person gets from inhaling minute asbestos particles.

Presently, nanotechnology is very expensive and developing it can cost you a lot of money. it is also pretty difficult to manufacture, which is probably why products made with nanotechnology are more expensive.

CNT

• A high accuracy prediction of the protein interaction network will provide a global understanding of gene regulation, protein function annotation, and the signaling process.

• The understanding and computation of protein- ligand binding have direct impact on drug design.

why do carbon nanotubes form?

Carbon (i) Graphite (ambient conditions)sp2 hybridization: planar

(ii) Diamond (high temperature and pressure)sp3 hybridization: cubic

(iii) Nanotube/fullerene (certain growth conditions) sp2 + sp3 character: cylindrical

Finite size of graphene layer has dangling bonds. These dangling bonds correspond to high energy states.

Eliminates dangling bonds Nanotube formation + total energy

increases strain energy decreases

Types Of CNTs

Single wall cnt (swcnt)Multiple wall cnt (mwcnt)Can be metallic or semiconducting depending

on their geometry.

Thank you