the philippine eis system inputs to planning resettlement ... · the philippine eis system inputs...
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The Philippine EIS System inputs to Planning Resettlement and
Livelihood Projects
PresentedbyPuraVitaGuia-PedrosaPhilippineCenterforEnvironment,ClimateStudiesandSustainableDevelopmentInc.
IAIA Special Symposium on Resettlement and Livelihood
Manila, Philippines ] 20-22 February 2017
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Outline
I. PhilippineEnvironmentalPolicies&embeddedrequirementsrelatedtorese9lement&livelihoods
II. CasestudykeyfindingsIII. Sugges@onstomaximizeusefulnessofthethe
PhilippineEISSysteminPlanningRese9lementandLivelihoodProjects
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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ProjectPlanning&DecisionMakingProcess
ProjectConceptualiza8on Feasibility
DetailedEngineering
Design
ProjectConstruc8on&Development
Implementa-8on
DENR
Country Safeguard
System
- EIA, Environmental Quality Standards
AssessEnvt’lImpacts&FormulateManagement
MeasuresIncorporateEIArecommenda@on
ManageEnvironmentalImpacts;implementAir&WaterQualityand
WasteManagementstandards- Natural Resources Regula@ng/ManagingtheUseofMineral,Water&ForestResources- Biodiversity BiodiversityConserva@on/Management
Rese9lementPlanning
Implemen8ngReseClementProjects(aspartofimpactmanagement)
Resettlement as a consequence of development projects … ?
* DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Project Development Stages
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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MajorLawsonSafeguards
PhilippineEnvironmentalPolicy(1977)F Declaredacon@nuingpolicyoftheState:
• produc@veandenjoyableharmonyofmanandnature• Social&economicrequirementsofpresent&futuregenera@on• Environmentalqualityconducivetoalifeofdignityandwell-being
F GovernmentAgencyincharge:InteragencyincludingDENR&otheragencieslikeagenciesinchargeofhousing,socialwelfare,health,educa@on,etc.
F RequiredEnvironmentalImpactStatement(EIS)forundertakingswithsignificantenvironmentalimpacts
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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MajorLawsinSafeguards
EIALaw–PD1586(1978)F EstablishmentofthePhilippineEnvironmentalImpactStatement(EIS)System
F Focusedonbio-physicalenvironmentalimpacts
F Implemen@ngAgency:DENRthrutheEnvironmentalManagementBureau
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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EIALawinthePhilippines
EnvironmentalComplianceCer8ficate(ECC)F Posi@vereviewoftheEIAF Contains:
• Description of the Scope of the Project subjected to EIA • General Conditions and conditions on Environmental
Management and Monitoring • Restrictions • Recommendation to parties and authorities for proper
appreciation and action and integration into their decision making processes
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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EIALawinthePhilippines
EIA&ECCF Nottheapprovalforimplementa@onF Amongtheconsidera@onsforapproval
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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Pre-iden8fiedimpactstobeincludedinthestudy
Land Water Air
People • Displacement of settler/s • In-migration • Cultural/Lifestyle change (especially on
Indigenous People, if any)
• Impacts on physical cultural resources
• Threat to delivery of basic services /resource competition
• Threat to public health and safety
• Generation of Local Benefits from the project
• Traffic congestion ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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AssessmentofDisplacement
• Demographicdataofimpactarea• Censusofpopula@on/propertythatwillbedisplaced/disturbed
• Housingownershipprofile/availabilityofhousing/numberofinformalse9lers
Baseline Data Requirements
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AssessmentofDisplacement
• ImpactonDemography• Availabilityofalterna@vepublicaccess• Housingop@onsfordisplacedse9lers• Change/conflictinlandownership• Disturbanceofproper@es/se9lers• Rightofwaychange/conflict
Assessment Parameters
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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AssessmentimpactsofproposedprojectsunderthePeopleModule
PeopleF DemographicdataF Proper@esF PropertyownershipF Informalse9lersF CulturalresourcesF U@li@es,public
servicefacili@esF Socio-economicdataF Roadnetwork
Baseline Environment
Project Impact
Impact Management
Displacement Social Development Plan
(SDP) - Relocation (as necessary)
- Livelihood/Employment - Health and safety
- Education & recreation - Environment and sanitation
- Peace ad Order - Spiritual,, etc
Relocation Framework/ Plan
• In-migration • Cultural/lifestyle
change • Physical cultural
resources impact • Threat to delivery
of basic services & resource competition
• Threat to public health and safety
• Generation of local benefits
• Traffic congestion ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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ReseClement
• Necessaryfordisplacementsasimpactofdevelopmentprojects
• Partoftheimpactmanagementbutnotnecessarilyapartoftheprojectitself
• SubjecttoseparateECCs
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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3EISCaseStudies
• 3Coal-FiredPowerPlants• Lookedintotherese9lementandlivelihooddiscussionsintheEIS
• Lookedintotherese9lementandlivelihoodcondi@onsintheECC
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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KeyFindingswith3casestudies
Observa8ons PossiblereasonAssessmentofdisplacementdoesnotmeettherequirementsunderexis8ngguidelines
LackofcapacityforEIAPreparerand/orreviewer
ContentsofthereseClementplanvaries Guidelinesaretoogeneral,EIAPreparershavedifferentperspec8ve;reviewerslackguidance
Baselinedataandassessmentnotspecifictothepar8cularcommunitytobedisplaced
EIAPreparerso^enrelyonreadilyavailablesecondarydatawhichisusuallypermunicipality/city
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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KeyFindingswith3casestudies
Observa8ons PossiblereasonNotalloftheECCissuedcontaincondi8onsonreseClement
Mayhavebeenmissedbytheonewhodra^edtheECC
NotalloftheECCissuedcontaincondi8onsonlivelihood
Mayhavebeenmissedbytheonewhodra^edtheECC
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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Recommenda8onstomaximizeusefulnessoftheSysteminPlanningReseClementandLivelihoodProjects
1. EnhancementofPoliciesandExis@ngGuidelines
2. EnhancementofcapacityofEMBandEIAPrac@@oners
3. Improvingthetransmissionofinputsto&coordina@onamonggovernmentagencies
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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EnhancementofPolicies/Guidelines
• includeiden@fica@onandanalysisofthetypeofdisplacementimpact(fundinginsBtuBonsclassificaBonscanbereferredto,suchasinvoluntaryacquisiBonoflandorrestricBonsonlanduseandaccess,etc.)
• Explicitlyindicateintheguidelinestheneedtointegratefindingsintheair,water,landmodulesintheassessmentoftheneedtorelocateandchoiceofreloca@onsite
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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EnhancementofPolicies/Guidelines
• clarifywhenareloca@onplanorframeworkshallberequiredaspartoftheEISandwhatwillbeitscontents
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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EnhancementofcapacityofEMBandEIAPrac88oners
• OrientEMB&otherEIAPrac@@onersontheimportanceofthePhilippineEISSysteminputsinplanningrese9lementandlivelihoodprogramsandhowtheresultsoftheimpactassessmentcanbeused
• Training/Orienta@ononenhancedpoliciesandguidelines
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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ImprovingthetransmissionofthePhilippineEISSysteminputs
• ins@tu@onalizeandensureimplementa@onoftransmissionproceduresofkeyresultsandrecommenda@onsoftheEIAcri@caltotheformula@onofappropriaterese9lementandreloca@onplan
ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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Insummary
Thesuccessinimplemen@ngsafeguardpoliciesdependson• Goodpolicies• Clearstandards/requirements• Capableimplemen@ngagencies• CapableEIAPrac@@oners(consultants/preparers,reviewers)
• Apprecia@onanddedica@ontotheGOAL…ByPuraVitaGuia-Pedrosa
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Maramingsalamatsapakikinig…Thankyouverymuchforlistening