the origins of humans · 2017-08-30 · neolithic (new stone age) (10,000-4000 bce) i. agricultural...
TRANSCRIPT
The Origins of Humans
Hominid Development
Scientists to Know!!!
I. Archeologists– Artifacts
II. Anthropologists– Culture
III. Paleontologists– Fossils
– Carbon Dating
Archaeologists
Anthropologists
Culture
Paleontologists
Fossils
Discussion Question
•How do these scientists work together to help us understand more about early humans?
Prehistory
I. What is Prehistory???
II. Two Ages
A. Paleolithic Age (2.5 million to 10,000 BCE)
1. Hominids
B. Neolithic Age (8000 to 3000 BCE)
1. Agriculture
Early Life of Hominids
I. Dependent on physical geographyA. Vegetation
B. Fresh water
II. NomadicA. Why???
III. Had to adaptA. Climate
B. Changes in land
C. Natural disasters
Human Evolution
More Like a Bush than a Tree
Archaeologist Mary Leaky
Hominid footprints from 3.6
million years ago
Donald Johanson – “Lucy”
"Lucy" skeleton,
Australopithecus
afarensis, about
2.6 million years
ago.
Timeline Review
Australopithecines
Australopithecines
I. 4 to 1 million BCE
II. Bipedal
III. Opposable Thumbs
A. What does this allow them to do???
Homo Habilis
Homo Habilis
I. 2.5 to 1.5 million BCE
II. Handy Man – WHY???
A. Stone Tools
- Benefits?
B. Living in Groups
- Benefits?
Homo Habilis
Homo Erectus
Homo Erectus
I. 1.8 million to 200,000 BCE
II. Upright Man – WHY???
A. Strong Bones
B. Travel Further Distances – WHERE???
C. Control Fire
Out of Africa Migrations Video
Check out this video showing the migrations of the early hominids!
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdT6QcSbQ0
Homo Erectus
Homo Sapiens
I. Wise Man
A. Homo means Man, Sapiens means Wise
B. Three Main Types
1. Neanderthals
2. Cro-Magnons
3. Modern Man
Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis
Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis
I. 200,000 to 30,000 BCE
II. Neanderthal Man – WHY???
III. Larger BrainsA. Skilled Toolmakers (knives,
scrapers, spear points)
IV. Strong BodiesA. Large Muscles
B. Strong Bones
C. Slanted Forehead
Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis
V. Sense of Community
A. Hunt in Organized Groups
B. Burial Sites and Rituals
C. Helped Injured
Homo Sapiens Cro-Magnon
Homo Sapiens Cro-Magnon
I. 40,000 to 8000 BCE
II. Skeletons Identical
III. Larger Brain
A. Clothing (needles to sew)
B. Tools (hooks, spears throwing,carving tools)
Homo Sapiens Cro-Magnon
C. Shelter (more permanent stone)
Homo Sapiens Cro-Magnon
D. Art – WHERE???
E. Language
Homo Sapiens Sapiens
I. 8000 BCE to present day
II. Doubly Wise (Wise Wise) Man
III. Modern Man – YOU and I
Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) (2 million to 12000 BCE)
I. More Advanced Humans
II. Hunters/Gatherers
Where do
we find
these???
What do theytell us???
Paleolithic (Old Stone Age)(2 million to 12000 BCE) CONT
III. Migration
A. Where???
IV. 14,000 years ago (approx. 12,000 BCE) end of last GREAT ice age
V. More movement
Discussion Question
• Discuss some advantages AND disadvantages of the lifestyle of Hunters/Gatherers?
Neolithic (New Stone Age) (10,000-4000 BCE)
I. Agricultural Revolution A. Invention of agriculture and
domestication of animals1. Slash and Burn
B. Initially developed in the Middle East and independently arose in India, N. Africa, Americas, Asia and Europe
C. Transformation took time
Discussion Question:
• What were some of the benefits of the Neolithic Revolution for humans? What were some of the drawbacks? Would YOU have chosen to settle and begin farming?