the nuclotron–m at

The NUCLOTRON–M at NICANICA:RECENT RESULTS & NEAREST FUTURE PLANS

JOINT INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH, 141980 DUBNA, RUSSIA

A.D. Kovalenko

SPIN - PRAGUE - 2010

•• INTRODUCTION (some steps back to the past; search for the mixed phase search at Nuclotron; the idea of NICA project at JINR);

•• NUCLOTRON-M (the project basic goals, current status);

• NUCLOTRON-M and fixed target experiments);

• CONCLUDING REMARKS

SPIN’2010, Prague, 18-25 July 2010A.D.Kovalenko

OUTLINEOUTLINE

A.D. Kovalenko

• The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna (RU) is an international intergovernmental scientific research organization established through the Convention signed on 26 March 1956 by eleven founding States and registered with the United Nations on 1 February 1957.

• At present, JINR has 18 Member States: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Cuba, the Czech Republic, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.

• Agreements are signed on the governmental level with Egypt, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Serbia and the Republic of South Africa.

• JINR has bilateral agreements, protocols, and other documents oncooperation with about 700 institutions in 60 countries.

Heavy-Ion Physics:- at energies up to 5 GeV/u available(in future √sNN = 4- 11 GeV, NICA facility)

- at low and intermediate energies (5 – 100 MeV/u)Condensed Matter Physics research using nuclear physics methods

JINR’s research niche offered by home facilities

INTRODUCTION (1): JINR INTRODUCTION (1): JINR

SPIN’2010, Prague, 18-25 July 2010

LHEP - Veksler-Baldin Laboratory for High Energy Physics

A.D. Kovalenko

Dubna from above The discovery of: PHASE STABILITY PRINCIPLE at RESONANCE ACCELERATION of RELATIVISTIC CHARGED PARTICLES(Veksler 1944)

V.I.VekslerLab director1953-1966

The Volga river

The world biggest accelerator - 10 GeV proton synchrotron, named “SYNCHROPHASOTRON”, was put into operation in1957

The world first ion synchrotron, named “NUCLOTRON”, based on a fast-cycling superconducting magnets was designed at the Laboratory and put into operation in1993.

The new direction of research:RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR PHYSICS: (color degrees of freedom in nuclei)(Baldin 1971)A.M.Baldin

Lab director1968- 2001

Moscow sea

Moscow-Volga channel

INTRODUCTION (2): LHEP


•• UNDER OPERATION SINCE 1993 (41 runs, 20 000 h );• OPERATING TEMPERATURE T = 4.5 K;• COLD MASS WEIGHT - 80 t, COOLDOWN TIME – 85 h;• PERIMETER of the ACCELERATOR – 251.5 m;

A.D. Kovalenko

96 DIPOLES:B =2 T, dB/dt = 4 T/s, f = 1 Hz

View of the Nuclotron ring in the tunnel

64 QUADRUPOLES:G = 31 T/m, dG/dt = 62 T/m s, f = 1 Hz

• SPECIAL HOLLOW NbTi COMPOSITE CABLE WAS DESIGNED FOR FAST CYCLING OPERATION• COOLING OF THE MAGNETS IN PARALLEL IS PERFORMED WITH FORCED TWO-PHASE He FLOW

NEW TECHNOLOGY OF SUPERCONDUCTIG ION SYNCHROTRONS

THE NUCLOTRON


A.D. Kovalenko

Main accelerator buildingMain experimental hall

Lq N2

Main control rooms

Helium cryogenic facility


JINR NUCLOTRON FACILITY

THE WORLD GEOGRAPHY OF HIGH ENERGY SUPERCONDUCTING ACCELERATOR FACILITIES

A.D. Kovalenko

Construction of the LHC have demonstrated the ultimate level of a cosineθ magnet technology with the use of Rutherford – type cable.


HIGH ENERGY SC ACCELERATORS

The Dubna Nuclotronis the first synchrotron based on on a fast cycling SC - magnets.

A.D. Kovalenko SPIN’2010, Prague,18-25 July 2010

NUCLOTRON-TYPE

SC-MAGNET

TECHNOLOGY

Nuclotron original cable: 1 - cooling channel 4 mm diameter (two-phase He); 2 - Cu-Ni tube 5 mm OD; 3 - NbTi wire 0.5 mm x 31; 4 - nichrome wire 0.2 mm; 5-kapton tape; 6-glassfiber tape.

A.D. Kovalenko

BASIC FEATURES of THE CABLE:• low degradation of cable critical current (efficient cooling and no electrical insulation between the tube and the wires);• eddy current AC loss of the cable practically the same as in the case of insulated wires;• no any other helium vessel except of the cooling tube within the magnet cryostat system.

OPERATING CURRENT – 6.3 kA

QUENCH CURRENT - 8.6 kA at 4.5 K and external magnetic field of 2.2 T.


NUCLOTRON HOLLOW SC - CABLE

A.D. Kovalenko SPIN’2010, Prague, 18-25 July 2010

OPERATION MODES OF THE NUCLOTRON MAGNETS

Operation at 2 T, 4 T/s, 1 Hz.

Operation at 2 T, 4 T/s, 1s flat top and pause

A.D. Kovalenko

DYNAMIC MAGNETIC RIGIDITY:

R = B·(dB/dt)·f, where f – pulse repetition rate.

THE NUCLOTRON – TYPE CABLE AND MAGNET DESIGN PROVIDES RECORD VALUE OF DYNAMIC MAGNETIC RIGIDITY

R = 8 (T/s)^2


ACCELERATOR SC- MAGNETS

A.D. Kovalenko

FACILITY FOR ANTIPROTON AND ION RESEARCH - FAIR

• FAST PULSED MAGNETS ARE NECESSARY TO REACH HIGH AVERAGE BEAM INTENSITY

• THE NUCLOTRON-TYPE MAGNETS ARE THE ONLY FEASIBLE WAY TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM

• JINR/GSI COLLABORATIVE R&D WAS STARTED IN 2001


JINR-GSI COLLABORATION on FAIR DESIGN

13

Model SIS100quadrupole

Tests are continued. The next run is planned for August-September


FULL SIZE SIS100 MODEL MAGNETS

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Model SIS100dipole magnet

14SPIN’2010, Prague, 18-25 July 2010

NEW FACILITY FOR SC-MAGNETS PRODUCTION

A.D. Kovalenko

30 x 75 m

New SC-magnets factory at the Laboratory (sc-cable and coil manufacturing, assembly, full scale cryogenic, magnetic and vacuum tests aimed for NICA, FAIR and other project


FROM NUCLOTRON

TO

NUCLOTRON -M

NUCLOTRON: MILESTONES

A.D.Kovalenko SPIN’2010, Prague, 18-25 July 2010

• March 1993 – first run/first beam ( by now 41 runs, 20 000 h );

• March 1994 – first physics with deuteron beam at 2 GeV/u;

• December 1999 – first extracted beam;

• June 2003 – first Fe–beam at Nuclotron;

• November 2003 – first polarized deuteron beam;

• March 2005 – first discussion on possibility of the mixed

phase search at Nuclotron: ( ion beams of A = 200 at 5 GeV/u

are requested first and after that at 10 GeV/u )

• July 2006 – first proposal of Nuclotron-based ion collider;

• December 2007 – approval of the Nuclotron-M project.

NUCLOTRON: MILESTONES


NUCLOTRON- M PROJECT

A.D. Kovalenko


FROM NUCLOTRON TO NUCLOTRON-M

THE MAIN PROJECT GOALS

The necessary R&D, construction and experimental work that should be done for the Nuclotron modernization is covered by the project.


FROM NUCLOTRON TO NUCLOTRON-M

A.D. Kovalenko

Conceptual scheme of the accelerator complex development

CIPIOS LU-20, p, d

Experiments with polirized beams are planned at existing Linac LU-20.


During 6-17 March - experimental program with KRION ion source.Generated, accelerated Xe ions (for the first time at Nuclotron!):С (А=12, Z=4) and Хе (А=124, Z=42)

Хе beam (A=124, Z=42+) was accelerated up to 570 MeV/n& 1 GeV/n, and succesfullyextracted.

Image of the extracted Xe beam (Е = 0,6 GeV/) on a photoplate

Signal of the Xe beam from low-intensityDetector at the ring

SPIN’2010, Prague, 18-25 July 2010A.D. Kovalenko

41st run at Nuclotron: 25 Feb - 25 March 2010:

Xe (1 Gev/n) trace on photoemulsion(experiment “Becquerel”)



Main magnetic field was increased up to 1.8 Т.

All systems of the accelerator showed stable and safe operation: quench detection, energy evacuation, etc.

That corresponds to:d (А=2, Z=1) - 5.2 GeV/uХе (A=124, Z=42) - 3.3 GeV/uAu (A=197, Z=79) - 4.05 GeV/u



E.Donets and team. As LU-20 accepts ions with charge to mass ratio q/M>1/3 one should produce in ion source 124Xe ion beams with the following charge states: 124Xe41+, 124Xe42+, 124Xe43+, 124Xe44+ This was done in October 2009 run with use of KRION-2T Electron String Ion Source. Highly charged Xe ion beams with charge state Xe42+ in the maximum of the charge state spectrum (see picture) has been produced for 780 ms of ionization time. A total pulse ion current for highly charged Xe ions was obtained on a level 130 μA which contains mixture of Xe40+, Xe41+, Xe42+, Xe43+, Xe44+ charge states. In terms of the single chosen charge state Xe42+ in its maximum the extracted ion beam pulse contained about 3x107

Xe42+ particles per pulse. Pure separated isotope 84Kr was used for calibration of Time-of-Flight analysis.


Results from the ion source KRION in 2009

25

Assembled vacuum and cryogenic vessels of the new source KRION-6T; New automatic machine tool for solenoid coil spooling.


A.D. Kovalenko

Injector (LU-20) modernization

September 200927.12.09: for the first time were succesfully accelerated +4С12

ions (0.5 mА). It was necessary step to acceleration of Xe ions.

- Upgrade of the power supplysystem for injection channel;

- Upgrade of vacuum systemfor fore-injector



Assembled pick-up station

Assembled elliptical pick-up station

Touch-screen panel for vacuum system control

Monitoring of vacuum during run

THE NUCLOTRON-M


One of 30 units (hi-tech) for automatic system for beam orbit measurement

New power supplies (130 A) for Nuclotron correctors

Collaboration with Slovakia

Modernization of the automation system for control, beam diagnostics and monitoring of parameters of the accelerator complex.

THE NUCLOTRON-M

Improvement of the power supplies, shielding and energy evacuation system of the magnets and lenses)

Run 41 Run 41 (performed):Very important stage – increase of the magnetic field in magnets and lenses from 1.5 up to 1.8 using special prototype of the energy evacuation system;

Next stage – field increase from 1.8 up 1.9 - 2T in the end of 2010 and full-scale commissionig of the new power supply system

power supply for current increase in the F-lenses is under construction;- new system for magnet field control;- beam-bump power supply;


Upgrade of the cryogenic supply system and cryogenics power increasing towards NICA

Additional screw compressor for helium (6000m3/h) - from HELIIMASH (~1MEuro). Succesfully commissioned and used during run #41


Position Required Achiev. by 2007 Status by 2009 %Ion source 124Xe44+ (2T)+new 6T 56Fe28+ 84Kr28+ & 124Xe44+ 95Linac Vacuum+optimization

New modulator and DTNoNo

ReadyUnder manufacturing

9030

RF system Noise reductionAutomatizationAdiabatic captureFeedback with beam

1nonoNo

1/15partiallyyesNo

95708030

Ring vacuum, Torr 5*10^-10 5*10^-7 2*10^-9 100Field (energy) 2T (6 AGeV) 1.5T (4.16 AGeV) 1.4 (3.8 AGeV) 80Intensity 10^11 (d), 10^8 (i) 2*10^10 (d) 5*1010 (d), 5*107 (Li) 70Power supply Serial connection of

magnets, new EES,MF control

old (< 1Tesla)|| connection1 Gs prescision

Serial connectionESS - 90% ready0.1 Gs

709099

New quench protection system

200 sensors 200 old New prototype tested 30 - for run

40

Slow extraction system (efficiency)

Extraction at 6 AGeV Max energy 2.2 AGeV (95%)

Prototype for 6 AGeVready (95%)

85

Control, diagnostics Beam losses <10% 70-80% losses 30-40% losses 70Cryogenics Safety + stability Worked-out Ready 99Run stability 6 months/year 3 runs x 1month 2 runs x 1month 80


Table prepared by G.Trubnikov


• Collaboration with INR (Troitsk) is continued.• Start of commissioning of the source elements is possible in 2010 at JINR.• Experimental room for the source test bench is prepared at LHEP.

Nevertheless, this sub-project will be not be completed in 2010

Design and construction of the new high-intensity polarized source(separate talk by V.Fimushkin)

Civil and construction works



THE NUCLOTRON-M

- Running time 500-700 h;- Novel magnet power supply system - Magnetic field – up to 1.9-1.95 Т;- Commissionning of new BPM’s, new diagnostics,orbit correction aimed at minimization of particle losses


THE NUCLOTRON- M: Run 42 (Nov-Dec 2010)

A.D. Kovalenko

The further urgent task is to start fixed target experiments at Nuclotron heavy ion beams interested for the international community

A.D. Kovalenko

THANK YOU

FOR YOUR

ATTENTION


the nuclotron–m at

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