The Middle

Colonies

Chapter 3, Lesson 3

Ms. Elias

US History

Middle Middle ColoniesColonies

1. New York

2. New Jersey

3. Pennsylvania

4. Delaware

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23

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The Breadbasket Colonies

The English created New York and New Jersey from former Dutch territory: NEW YORK • Dutch founded New Netherland in

1613 as fur trading post.

• New Amsterdam was center of trade.

• Dutch West Indian Company controlled New Netherland.

• To increase population the Company offered land grants to anyone who could bring 50 settlers to work the land.

• Patroons: were the land owners who received these land grants.

• Peter Stuyvesant governed New Netherland (Dutch colony).

New Amsterdam in 1664

English captured New Netherland in 1664 and renamed it New York.

The Duke of York

• King Charles II (king of England) gave New Netherland to his brother the Duke of York.

• The colony was renamed New York and thrived under English control.

New York

• It was founded to make profit (trade).

• New York had religious freedom and toleration.

• Government—The King of England appointed the Governor of New York.

NEW JERSEY(1702)

• The Duke of York (owner of New York) divided his colony and created New Jersey.

• He gave this land to Lord John Berkeley.

• It had a diverse ethnic population, including Dutch, Swedes, Finns, and Scots.

New Jersey

• It was founded to make profit (trade). • New Jersey had religious freedom and toleration. • Government—colonists made their own local laws

(self-government)

Pennsylvania (1681)

• Society of Friends, or Quakers, was one of largest religious groups in England.

• Quakers were pacifists—people who refused to fight in wars.

• They supported religious tolerance, were persecuted.

William Penn established the colony of Pennsylvania

• William Penn founded Pennsylvania, a larger colony for Quakers that provided a safe home.

• Pennsylvania was founded to escape religious persecution in England.

• Government—William Penn established an elected assembly.

• Pennsylvania had religious freedom and toleration.

Penn’s“Holy Experiment”

• Quakers believed everyone was equal. • He promises fair treatment of Native Americans. • Believed that Native Americans owned the land

and settlers should pay for it. • He negotiates several treaties with Native

Americans. • However, as non-Quaker immigrants came, they

were less tolerant of Indians (Scots-Irish).

Delaware (1682) • People from Sweden and

the Netherlands settled land south of Pennsylvania.

• This settlement became Delaware.

• It was founded to make profit (trade).

• Delaware had religious toleration.

• Government—separate colony governed by Pennsylvania government.

Summarizing Activity: Study Foldable

• Create a four section foldable

• Label your colony• Write information

using your notes, textbook, power point.

• Use this for your quiz.