the middle colonies
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The Middle ColoniesFounding and Life
Essential Questions – Middle Colonies
Why were the Middle Colonies founded?
How did the Middle Colonies differ from the New England Colonies?
Who were influential people in the Middle Colonies?
Vocabluary
Patroons: Proprietary Colony: Mercantilism: Import: Export: Legislature: Cash Crop: Tenant Farmer: Backcountry: Apprentice:
Middle Colonies - Location
New YorkFounding
Let’s start with New Netherland…
The Dutch East India Company ruled the colony
Governor had near absolute control
Land organized into manors owned by Patroons
New YorkFounding
Peter Stuyvesant… Very strict governor of New Netherland
Carried on costly wars with Indians
Had to surrender to the English in 1664
New YorkFounding
Under English rule…
King Charles gave New Netherland to his brother – the Duke of YORK
Ruled much like New Netherland
In 1683, New York has its own assembly
New JerseyFounding
The Duke’s gift… 1664 the Duke of York gave two friends part of New York
New Jersey is established as a proprietary colony
Proprietors… ran the colony as long as
they gave the king a yearly payment and accepted his authority
divided up the land and rented it
Made laws that were in line with English law
New JerseyFounding
Fertile land and freedom...
New Jersey occupied fertile land between the Delaware and Atlantic
People of many nations and religions settled in New Jersey
1702 New Jersey became a royal colony▪ Directly under the King’s
control New Jersey had a
charter that established▪ Religious freedom▪ An assembly that voted
PennsylvaniaFounding
A holy experiment…
In 1682, William Penn established Pennsylvania
The name means Penn’s woods
Established so Quakers could worship freely
PennsylvaniaFounding
The Quakers… Believed that all men
AND WOMEN were equal in God’s eyes
No need for church leaders
Would not pay taxes to Church of England
Against fancy parts of religion
Against war Persecuted in England
and New England Were tolerant of other
religions and people
PennsylvaniaFounding
Government… Penn wrote the Frame
of Government Explained how the
colony would be run A representative
assembly to make laws White men who owned
land or paid taxes could vote
Land should be bought from the Indians
PennsylvaniaFounding
Philadelphia… Capital of the
colony Means brotherly
love in Greek Built on the
Delaware river City was intended
to have fields, gardens, and parks
Grew into the most prosperous city in the English colonies
English Colonies
England’s purpose…
According to England the colonies might exist for… A place for discontents A test to see if it could
be successful To make money
Ultimately – THE COLONIES EXISTED TO FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE PARENT COUNTRY!!!Mercantilism
English Colonies
England passed the Navigation Acts Meant to enrich England Controlled trade with the
colonies Merchant ships had to be
from colonies or England Ships must stop in
England to pay taxes Sailors must be from
England or the colonies Certain goods could only
be sold in England Good and bad for colonies
Protecting their investment…