the joint programming initiative on cultural heritage ... · cracking surface loss biological...

The Joint Programming Initiative on

Cultural Heritage (JPICH):

European perspective

Cristina Sabbioni

CNR, Coordination JPICH

Antonia Pasqua Recchia

General Secretary MIBACT, Coordinator JPICHwww.jpi-culturalheritage.eu

COPERNICUS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE Copernicus User Forum Industry Workshop

Brussels, 24 April 2017

Climate change

Pollution

Flooding

Fire

Earthquake

Landslides

Subsidence

Human pressure………….

Prague, 2002

Telč, Check Rep.

Destruction Failure

Salt crystallizationCracking

Surface lossBiological attack

Blackening………….

What threats cultural heritage ?

JPI Cultural Heritage Bruxelles, 24 April 2017

19

Par

tici

pan

ts

▪ Italy (Coordinator)

▪ Belgium

▪ Belarus

▪ Cyprus

▪ Czech Republic

▪ Denmark

▪ France

▪ Ireland

▪ Lithuania

▪ Moldova

▪ Norway

▪ Poland

▪ Portugal

▪ Romania

▪ Slovakia

▪ Spain

▪ Sweden

▪ The Netherlands

▪ The United Kingdom

- Coordinator: A.P. Recchia, GS MIBACT- Coordination : MIBACT and MIUR- European Commission representative attends the

Governing Board meeting

▪ Austria

▪ Bulgaria

▪ Estonia

▪ Germany8 O

bse

rve

rs

▪ Greece

▪ Israel

▪ Latvia

www.jpi-culturalheritage.eu


Challenge 1 probes the relation between cultural heritageand one of the most serious drivers of future change forcommunities - climate change

Challenge 3 probes the relation between the protection of cultural heritage and the uses of cultural heritage by society i.e. the transformational challenge of cultural heritage

Challenge 2 probes the issues of protection and security of cultural heritage

www.jpi-culturalheritage.eu


Monitoring of Elemental carbon and PAH at SE

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Local time

Ele

menta

l C

arbon (

ng/m

3)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

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Organ

ic C

arb

on

(ng/m

3)

Changes in atmospheric composition determine the

impact of multipollutants on cultural heritage

Surface blackening is increasing and is attributable

to urban traffic

Urgency of adopting tools compatible with the

preservation of the cultural heritage

AIR POLLUTION

12

123

4 5

6 87

11

13

10

9


Credit : Cristofanelli et al., ACP , 2009

Dust

Pollutant

aerosol

Po Valley


Nanjing, China

White Tower,

London

In BRIC Countries high increase of

carbonaceous particles

CAUSING SURFACE BLACKENING

….BUT ALSO IN EUROPE

JPI Cultural Heritage

Bishapour

Gulph War 1991

Persepolis

Bonazza et al., EST, 2007

Conflict impact on Cultural Heritage


CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change and cultural heritage is a new area

The results achieved have highlighted the great importance of

water as a threat to heritage

Surface recession is expected to increase (carbonate stones)

Increase of salt crystallisation events (porous materials)

The Mediterranean Basin will experience

the highest level of risk from thermal stress


General increase (> 6 µm/year)

throughout Europe, particularly

noticeable in high rainfall areas. The

change can be > 6 µm/year in regions

with recession = 20 µm/year

30% increase

1961-1990

2070-2099

MAPPING SURFACE RECESSION


Pantelleria, Italy

Building resilience to climate change in

terraced landscapes

Peru


Use of multitemporal

satellite imagery to detect

spatial and morphological

changes linked to

archaeological heritage.

Credit : N. Masini, CNR-IBAM, Italy

Example of satellite applications for

cultural heritage


Satellite radar investigation carried out by exploiting data acquired in the 1992-2010 time interval

Example : Rome city center

Credit: R. Lanari, IREA-CNR, Italy

Me

an

de

form

ati

on

ve

loc

ity

[cm

/yr]

> 0.5

<- 0.5

Deformation phenomena affecting

historical city center


Me

an

de

form

ati

on

ve

loc

ity

[cm

/yr]

> 0.5

<- 0.5

Colosseum of Rome no significant deformation

Credit: R. Lanari, IREA-CNR, Italy


monuments


[cm

/ye

ar]

>1

<-1

Me

an

de

form

ati

on

ve

locit

y

Pompeii: the “House of Vettii”


archaeological area

2009-2015


EUROPEAN / GLOBAL CHALLENGE

Cultural heritage as a priority field : Treaty on European Union (Art.128)

Cultural heritage as expression of European identity

Protection of cultural heritage a measure of the enduring civilisation of

Europe as well as sustained recognition of its worldwide leadership in

this area

Innovative methodologies to secure cultural heritage from natural and

man-made threats such as historical city centers, villages (diffused

cultural heritage), archaeological sites and landscape

Open opportunities for collaboration

with non-European partners,

including southern Mediterranean

countries and the emerging

economies of BRICS (Brazil, Russia,

India, China and South Africa)


The community on cultural heritage is mature: a fully operational area

can be reinforced within the Copernicus Programme

Copernicus Programme can strongly contributes to European

competitiveness: EU can export in the world added value.

Cultural heritage is a non-renewable resource

Urgency of Copernicus services: Cultural heritage protection is a highly

complex task

EU Tourism industry

generates 4% of EU GDP

and indirectly the 11% GDP.

ADDED-VALUE, BENEFITS AND IMPACT


NEEDS

➢ Novel adaptation strategies for the sustainability of cultural heritage.

➢ New measures for the assessment of resilience capacity of cultural heritage.

➢ New management systems for the accessibility to European citizens and world tourism.

➢ Evaluate the uncertainties produced by climatic driver threats for cultural heritage.

➢Systems focused on security - human behaviour.

➢ Map earth observations experimental data and infrastructures.


QUESTIONS BEING ADDRESSED (1)

• Data base information on the risks from

human threats (human pressure, tourism

flux, urban planning)

• Emergency management: extremisms,

wars, post conflict assessment, vandalism

• Cultural asset transportation: monitoring

and safeguard (insurance impact)

• Advanced diagnostic tools for

assessment and standardization of

carrying capacity and resilience.

Defining carrying capacity and resilience in the face of

security


QUESTIONS BEING ADDRESSED (2)

Developing climate risk monitoring to support societal development and protection of cultural heritage

•Intelligent multi-sensor systems for

remote control of cultural heritage.

•Tools for managements of city centers,

villages (diffused cultural heritage),

archaeological sites and landscape

threated by climate change.

•The development of models combining

climate and security risks

•Behavioural change and sustainable

development


G7 CULTURE

Copernicus and Cultural Heritage Workshop, Bruxelles, 24 April 2017http://copernicus.eu/events/copernicus-and-cultural-heritage-workshop

INNOVATION (ADVANCED

TECHNOLOGIES)

DIPLOMACY


JPI Cultural Heritage and

Global Change:a new challenge for Europe

http://www.jpi-culturalheritage.eu

New Cultural Heritage Copernicus Service

Measure what is measurable,

and make measurable what is not

(Galileo)

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