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The internet FOR 201 MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS

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Page 1: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

The internet

FOR 201 MICROCOMPUTER

APPLICATIONS

Page 2: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Background

• Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara

• With an estimated 200 million nodes and 1 billion users, the Internet is connects people of all ages and interests 2

Page 3: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Internet Infrastructure

• The Internet is not owned or operated by any single corporation or government

• The Internet backbone is a network of high-capacity communications links that provides the main routes for data traffic across the Internet

• Backbone links and routers are maintained by network service providers (NSPs)

• An Internet service provider (ISP) is a company that offers Internet access to individuals, businesses, and smaller ISPs

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Page 4: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Internet Infrastructure

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Network Access Points

Page 5: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Internet Infrastructure

• To communicate with an ISP, your computer uses some type of communications device, such as a modem

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Page 6: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Internet Protocols, Addresses & Domains

• A domain name is a key component of Web addresses, e-mail addresses, and addresses on the Web called URLs

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Page 7: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Internet Protocols, Addresses & Domains

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Page 8: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Connection Speed

• Data travels over the Internet at an incredible speed

• The elapsed time for data to make a round trip from point A to point B and back to point A is referred to as latency

• Upstream vs. downstream speed

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Page 9: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Dial-up Connections

• A dial-up connection is a fixed Internet connection that uses a voiceband modem and telephone lines to transport data between your computer and your ISP

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Page 10: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Dial-up Connections

• A voiceband modem converts the signals from your computer into signals that can travel over telephone lines

• Modem speed is measured in bits per second

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Page 11: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

DSL, ISDN, and Dedicated Lines• DSL is a high-speed, digital, always-on Internet access

technology that runs over standard phone lines– Most DSL installations require

service technicians• DSL modem

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Page 12: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Cable Internet Service

• Cable Internet service distributes always-on broadband Internet access over the same infrastructure that offers cable television service

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Page 13: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Satellite Internet Service

• Satellite Internet service distributes always-on, high-speed asymmetric Internet access by broadcasting signals to and from a personal satellite dish

• A satellite modem is a device that modulates data signals from a computer into a frequency band that can be carried to the satellite dish where it is converted to another frequency, amplified, and transmitted

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Page 14: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Satellite Internet Service

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Page 15: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Internet To Go• Portable Internet access can be defined as the ability to easily

move your Internet service from one location to another• Mobile Internet access offers a continuous Internet connection

as you are walking or riding in a bus, car, train, or plane

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Page 16: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Wi-Fi Hotspots• A Wi-Fi hotspot is an area in

which the public can access a Wi-Fi network that offers Internet service

• Wi-Fi does not typically provide acceptable mobile Internet access because you can only remain connected within range of the network’s hotspot

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Page 17: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Cellular Data Services• Using cellular phone technology to access the

Internet offers mobility that is not yet possible with most of today’s wired or wireless computer network technologies

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Page 18: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Web Basics• The Web is an interlinked collection of document,

image, video, and sound files• A Web site contains a collection of related

information

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Page 19: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Web Basics• A Web page is the product of one or more Web-based files

displayed in a format similar to a page in a book

• A Web browser is software that displays Web page elements and handles links between pages

• Every Web page has a unique address called URL

• URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator

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Page 20: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

HTML

• Hypertext Markup Language

• Set of specifications for creating documents

that a browser can display as a Web page

• Provides a means to describe the structure of

text-based information in a document

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Page 21: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

HTML

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Page 22: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Web Browsers• Help you access/see Web pages (display the information)• Popular browsers:– Internet Explorer– Mozilla Firefox– Google Chrome– Apple Safari– Netscape Navigator– Opera

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Page 23: The internet. Background Created in 1969, connected computers at UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, U. of Utah, and UC at Santa Barbara With an estimated

Search Engine• A Web search engine is a program designed to help

people locate information on the Web by formulating simple keyword queries

• Popular search engines:– Google– Bing– Yahoo– Ask

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