The Growth of JudaismThe Growth of Judaism

Chapter 3 Section3

Pp 92-102

I. Exile and Return (Pp.94-95)I. Exile and Return (Pp.94-95)

• ______________- occurs when people are forced to live in a foreign land.

• During the Israelites’ exile in Babylon, their religion became known as__________________.

• Jews met each week on the_______________, a day of worship and rest, in a________________, or house of worship. At these meetings, the Jews prayed and discussed their religion. (hope)

Exile

Judaism

Sabbath

synagogue

• During 500 B.C. a group of people called the __________defeated the Chaldeans and took control of Babylon, the Persian king,__________, allowed the Jews to return to Judah.

• Persian officials still controlled the Jews in Judah, so Jews looked to their religion for ______________. Jewish leaders became religious scholars and writers.

Exile and Return (cont. )Exile and Return (cont. )

Persians

Cyrus

leadership

Exile and Return (cont. )Exile and Return (cont. )

• The ______________ consists of 5 books of the Torah and 34 other books. These books describe Jewish history.

• The book of ________ tells how God punished people for their bad behavior. The story of Noah is in this book.

• The book of ________ reminds Jews that God will rescue them.

• Jews, Christians, and Muslims share the idea that:__________ ___________________________________________________________________________

Hebrew Bible

Genesis

Daniel

Good will triumph over evil.

II. The Jews & the Greeks (Pp.95-96)II. The Jews & the Greeks (Pp.95-96)• Judah came under the control of

___________________. In 331 B.C. he defeated the Persians. He also introduced the Greek language and customs to the Jews who stayed in Judah.

• The ___________refers to Jews who lived outside of Judah. The word ___________ means scattered.

Alexander the Great

Diaspora

Diaspora

The Jews & the Greeks (cont. )The Jews & the Greeks (cont. )

• The Greek ruler _____________wanted the Jews to worship the Greek gods and goddesses. In 168 B.C a priest named Judas Maccabeus and his followers formed an army known as the ______________________ to fight the Greeks.

• The Maccabees drove the Greeks out of Judah. They removed evidence of the gods and goddesses from their temple when they celebrate _______________. This is a remembrance of the cleansing of their temple.

Antiochus

Maccabees

Hanukkah

III. The Jewish Way of life (Pp.97-98)III. The Jewish Way of life (Pp.97-98)• Jewish laws influenced their food,

education, and clothing.(p97.)• Sons were valuable in Jewish society.

Sons carried on the family name and became the head of the family after the death of their fathers.

• Sons learned how to earn a living and how to worship God from their fathers. They later learned how to read the Torah from religious leaders.

The Jewish Way of life (cont. )The Jewish Way of life (cont. )

• Girls learned how to be good wives, mothers, and housekeepers. They also learned about Jewish laws and strong women of ancient Israel.(p99 Ruth & Naomi)

• Jewish laws stated that Jews could eat only certain animals, such as beef, lamb, and certain scaly fish. Today , food that is prepared according to Jewish law is called___________.

• Jewish laws also applies to clothing. Men wore tunics, caps or turbans and sandals. Women wore dresses and covered their heads with shawls. Wealthy women wore shoes, makeup, and jewelry.

kosher

IV. The Jews and the Romans (Pp.100-102)IV. The Jews and the Romans (Pp.100-102)• In 63 B.C., the

Romans conquered Judah, and renamed it_______________.

• King__________, the most famous ruler of Judaea, was known for his cruelty.

• After Herod’s death, the Romans replaced Jewish kings with Roman officials.

JudaeaHerod

The Jews and the Romans (cont. )The Jews and the Romans (cont. )The Jews had splintered into __different groups.• One group was called the_________________,

who were supported by the common people. They taught the Torah and applied it more to home and family life

• Another group was the____________________, who did not agree with many of the Pharisees’ teachings and used the Torah to focus more on priests and scribes.

• The third group was called the_____________, they broke away from the temple in Jerusalem and lived in the desert. They were waiting for God to deliver them from the Romans.

Pharisees 3

Sadducees

Essenes

The Jews and the Romans (cont. )The Jews and the Romans (cont. )

• Because the Jews split into these groups, they were not as powerful after the death of Herod.

• The ___________________ were probably written by the Essenes and were found near the Dead Sea in 1947 A.D.

• The Jews hated Roman rule. Some Jews, known as________, wanted to fight the Romans. They revolted in 66 A.D. and drove the Romans out of Jerusalem.

Dead Sea Scrolls

Zealots

The Jews and the Romans (cont. )The Jews and the Romans (cont. )• The Romans

regained control four years later. They killed thousands of Jews and forced many others to leave. The Romans also destroyed the temple in Jerusalem. What remains today is the ____________, also known as the __________________

Western Wall

Wailing Wall

The Jews and the Romans (cont. )The Jews and the Romans (cont. )• The Jews revolted again, but the Romans stopped the

revolt. This time, they forbade Jews to visit Jerusalem and gave Judah the name of,_______________________ referring to the Philistines.

• ____________, teachers of the Torah, became important leaders. Rabbis wanted to pass on the teachings of the Torah. They combined the teachings in a book called the_________.

• For 2,000 years most Jews lived outside Palestine and faced persecution. In 1948 A.D. Palestine was divided, and a new Jewish nation called _________ was created.

Palestine

Rabbis

Talmud

Israel