the great war
DESCRIPTION
Casues and Events of World War ITRANSCRIPT
M.A.N.I.AM.A.N.I.A= WWI= WWI
Causes of the Great War
• Militarism• British concern over
German growth.• Military power seen as
symbol of national prestige.
• Glorification of war by all powers.
• Arms race among great powers.
• Influential military leaders had great influence.
• Belief in Social Darwinism.
Causes of the Great War• Alliances• Agreements among
nations to aid each other if attacked.
• Russian agreements with smaller Slavic nations.
• Emergence of Central Powers.
• Emergence of the Allied Powers.
Causes of the Great War• Nationalism• French revenge against
Germany (Franco-Prussian War).
• French desire for return of Alsace and Lorraine.
• German pride in military power and industrial growth.
• Pan-Slavism in Eastern Europe.
• Serbian desire to create south Slav state.
Causes of the Great War• Imperialism• British concern over
German competition for colonies.
• Economic rivalries among Britain, Germany, and France.
• British and French desire to contain German territorial claims in Africa.
An Assassination s A War• Gavrillo Princip a member of the
Black Hand along with other members succeeded in assassinating Archduke Francis Ferdinand on June 28, 1914.
• The assassination gave the Austria-Hungarian Empire the fuel that they needed to attack Serbia.
• Serbia was issued an ultimatum, but they did not comply with all of the terms.
• In turn on July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
• Next a chain reaction occurred as both sides called upon their allies for help.
The Players Involved
The Great War: Central Powers Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
The Great War: Allies Great Britain, Russia, France,
Japan, U.S., (Italy tried to sneak in)
Christmas Truce: Dec. 24, 1914
Sinking of the Lusitania
Zimmerman Note
Total War
Propaganda
• Propaganda: is a type of message aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of people. Instead of impartially providing information propaganda is often deliberately misleading, using logical fallacies that while sometimes convincing, are not necessarily valid.
How to Examine Propaganda?• Who is the intended audience for the poster? (The specific
targeted group- example… young men) • What nation produced the poster? • What is the poster attempting to get people to think? to do? • What logical appeal(s) is being made by the poster? • What emotional appeal(s) is being made by the poster? • What might be the results -positive and negative- on the home
front for these kinds of appeals? • How do the different nations' posters differ from each other?
Are there similarities? • Although America is currently at war, why are few posters used
in the war against terrorism?
Women and African Americans
Another One Bites the Dust
•In 1917 bread riots in St. Petersburg caused the monarchy to crumble.•The Allies thought that this would bring democracy there, but soon V.I. Lenin took over.•While the Bolsheviks were fighting to take over Russia the United States supported the whites, “In one of the most forgotten military operations in US history, thousands of American soldiers were sent to Russia, initially as an ally in the war, to fight against Vladimir Lenin’s Bolshevik’s…” (Carroll 35). •In 1918 Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, thus ending Russian participation in the war.
Espionage and Sedition Act
Armistice
Origins• The origins of this influenza variant is not precisely known. It is thought to have
originated in China in a rare genetic shift of the influenza virus. The recombination of its surface proteins created a virus novel to almost everyone and a loss of herd immunity. Recently the virus has been reconstructed from the tissue of a dead soldier and is now being genetically characterized.
• The name of Spanish Flu came from the early affliction and large mortalities in Spain (BMJ,10/19/1918) where it allegedly killed 8 million in May (BMJ, 7/13/1918). However, a first wave of influenza appeared early in the spring of 1918 in Kansas and in military camps throughout the US. Few noticed the epidemic in the midst of the war. Wilson had just given his 14 point address. There was virtually no response or acknowledgment to the epidemics in March and April in the military camps. It was unfortunate that no steps were taken to prepare for the usual recrudescence of the virulent influenza strain in the winter. The lack of action was later criticized when the epidemic could not be ignored in the winter of 1918 (BMJ, 1918). These first epidemics at training camps were a sign of what was coming in greater magnitude in the fall and winter of 1918 to the entire world. (http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/uda/)
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
• No secret treaties among nations.
• Freedom of the seas.
• Lowered tariffs or free trade among nations.
• Arms reduction: reduce military.
• Self-determination: right of people to choose their own government.
• League of Nations or world peace keeping body.
• Represent each one in your interactive notebook.
Treaty of Versailles• The "Big Three” • David Lloyd George of Britain.• Georges Clemenceau “Tiger” of
France .• Woodrow Wilson of America (had
a stroke in 1919; his wife took over presidential duties behind the scenes until 1920).
• Georges Clemenceau of France had one very simple belief; Germany should be brought to its knees so that they could never start a war again.
• Italian leader Orlando attempted to attain some of the benefits of war, but they and the Soviet Union were left out.
Treaty of Versailles: Germany, You’re a Bad, Bad, Boy!
• Germany’s army was reduced to 100,000 men; the army was not allowed to have tanks.
• Germany was not allowed to have an air force. It was allowed to have only 6 capital naval ships and no submarines.
• The west of the Rhineland and 50 kilometers east of the River Rhine was made into a demilitarized zone (DMZ). No German soldier or weapon was allowed into this zone.
• The Allies were to keep an army of occupation on the west bank of the Rhine for 15 years.
Treaty of Versailles: Germany, You’re a Bad,
Bad, Boy!• Germany was stripped of its over seas
colonies.• Germany had return Alsace and Lorraine to
France. • Germany was also forbidden to unite with
Austria to form one super state, in an attempt to keep its economic potential to a minimum.
• Germany had to pay $33 BILLION DOLLARS in war reparations.
• These severe punishment would lead to WWII.
Colonies: “Freedom at Colonies: “Freedom at Last…”Last…”
• Some people of the colonies chose to Some people of the colonies chose to fight while others were forced to do the fight while others were forced to do the bidding of their controllers. bidding of their controllers.
• However, some thought that if they fought However, some thought that if they fought and won they would be granted freedom. and won they would be granted freedom.
• This was far from the truth because This was far from the truth because Britain and France continued their Britain and France continued their domination of their holdings plus their domination of their holdings plus their newly added mandates. newly added mandates.
What would you change about the Treaty of
Versailles? • Pair off and name three things that you
would have added to the Treaty of Versailles?
• Explain each one.
• Why is yours better than the Allies version? Explain.
• You have 10 minutes to complete the assignment.
League of Nations
