The Great Depressionand

The Second World War

Jeopardy Review

RulesRules

•30 seconds to answer questions30 seconds to answer questions•You may play or passYou may play or pass•Incorrect answersIncorrect answers = loss of a pointloss of a point•Correct answers = one pointCorrect answers = one point•If a team passes or answers incorrectly, the If a team passes or answers incorrectly, the next team in order playsnext team in order plays

More Rules!More Rules!•The top three teams will win extra credit points on their exam•1st place = 10 points•2nd place = 8 points•3rd place = 6 points•Ties earn points for both teams

•NO WHINING!!!!!!

Overproduction and a drop in Overproduction and a drop in foreign demand led to trouble foreign demand led to trouble in this “growing” industry in in this “growing” industry in

the 1920s.the 1920s.

• Agriculture

Angry homeless people Angry homeless people referred to their shantytowns referred to their shantytowns

by this term.by this term.

• Hoovervilles

What was Roosevelt’s main What was Roosevelt’s main reason for rejecting the idea reason for rejecting the idea of federal aid to individuals?of federal aid to individuals?

• Nothing! Hoover objected to it, but FDR did not.

Name three specific details Name three specific details about the New Deal given by about the New Deal given by FDR in the 1932 campaign.FDR in the 1932 campaign.

• There• Were• None

For what reason was the For what reason was the Bonus Army protesting?Bonus Army protesting?

• Payment of bonuses promised to them as veterans of WWI

This labor organization formed This labor organization formed during the 1930’s in response to a during the 1930’s in response to a desire by workers to form industry-desire by workers to form industry-

wide unions.wide unions.

• Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)

In order of implementation, In order of implementation, what are the three “R’s” of what are the three “R’s” of

the New Deal?the New Deal?

• Relief• Recovery• Reform

A key objective of the National A key objective of the National Recovery Administration was to Recovery Administration was to

develop codes of fair competition develop codes of fair competition in business. What congressional in business. What congressional

act created the NRA?act created the NRA?

• National Industrial Recovery Act

Which Supreme Court case Which Supreme Court case ruled the NIRA (NRA) ruled the NIRA (NRA)

unconstitutional because it unconstitutional because it regulated intrastate regulated intrastate

commerce?commerce?

• Schechter v. U.S.

This act provided for This act provided for collective bargaining for collective bargaining for

labor.labor.

• National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)

Under this program, Under this program, farmers were paid to farmers were paid to

destroy crops and destroy crops and livestock to increase farm livestock to increase farm

prices.prices.

• Agricultural Adjustment Act

What term was given to What term was given to FDR’s attempt to “reform” FDR’s attempt to “reform”

the Supreme Court?the Supreme Court?

• Court Packing

Although he did not fully Although he did not fully embrace the economic embrace the economic

philosophy of this man, FDR did philosophy of this man, FDR did reluctantly adopt his concept of reluctantly adopt his concept of

deficit spending.deficit spending.

• John Maynard Keynes

This Louisiana political boss This Louisiana political boss wanted to “soak the rich” and wanted to “soak the rich” and

make “every man a king.”make “every man a king.”

•Huey Long

Which two New Deal Which two New Deal programs were ruled programs were ruled

unconstitutional?unconstitutional?

• NIRA (the NRA portion)• AAA

What action by FDR would have What action by FDR would have most troubled the Founding most troubled the Founding Fathers on legal grounds?Fathers on legal grounds?

• Attempting to pack the court to better serve his needs

What, specifically, did the Kellogg-Briand Pact “outlaw?”

Offensive war as a foreign policy tool

Against which country was the Stimson Doctrine aimed?

Japan– For its aggressive expansion in Asia during 1931-32

Isolationists in America became concerned with FDR’s motives after he gave a speech calling for the containment of aggressor nations. What was this speech known as?

The “Quarantine Speech”

According to the Neutrality Acts of 1935-37, when would the U.S. transport goods to belligerent nations?

Never, because countries purchasing goods did so on a cash and carry basis.– This protected U.S. shipping but also conceded freedom

to the seas during wartime.

What did the U.S. and Britain exchange in a September 1940 executive agreement?

Surplus U.S. destroyers for British airfields and naval bases in the Western Hemisphere

Which two countries were the primary recipients of Lend-Lease aid from the U.S.?

BritainUSSR

What 1940 campaign promise was FDR unable (or unwilling) to keep?

Keeping the U.S. out of the war

She was the fictitious symbol of American women who worked in the war industries.

Rosie the Riveter

What was the name of the official order that placed Japanese-Americans in internment camps?

Executive Order 9066– This was the only major violation of

civil rights during the war.

Kamikaze pilots and fanatical defenders were the hallmarks of the struggle for this last major island before the Japanese home islands.

Okinawa

When the U.S. finally entered the war, who was to be eliminated first according to official allied strategy?

The Germans

Where did the American forces strike first in an attempt to satisfy Stalin’s call for the opening of a second front?

North Africa

Harry Truman replaced the ultra-liberal Henry Wallace as the Democratic vice-presidential candidate in this election year.

1944

What system was used during the war to control the distribution of goods?

Rationing

What did Americans purchase to assist in the war effort?

War Bonds

Robert Oppenheimer was the scientist in charge of a secret program to develop the atomic bomb. What was the code name of the project?The Manhattan Project

This was the most controversial of all of the wartime conferences. Critics charged that FDR gave too much to Stalin to convince him to join the war against Japan.Yalta

– secret agreements included extra representation in a postwar UN and spheres of influence in Asia• Including occupation zone in Korea

In which battle did the Japanese lose 4 aircraft carriers, turning the sea war in favor of the U.S. for the first time?

The Battle of Midway

This was the chief complaint by those who were critical of Truman’s decision to use the Atomic Bomb.

Japan would soon have surrendered without using the bomb

Where was the first non-test atomic bomb dropped and on what date?

Hiroshima, JapanAugust 6, 1945

– First shot of the Cold War?

This battle was the first in history to be fought entirely by carrier-based aircraft. It was an early defeat for the Japanese.

Battle of the Coral Sea– paves way for 1st offensive action at

Guadalcanal

Who was the commander of U.S. ground troops in the Pacific theater of war?

General Douglas MacArthur

What was the date of the D-Day Invasion?

June 6, 1944

Of Japan and Germany, which surrendered first and when?

GermanyMay 8, 1945

Who were the allied leaders at the Potsdam Conference?

AtleeTrumanStalin

This presidential policy stated that This presidential policy stated that the U.S. would halt the spread of the U.S. would halt the spread of

communism anywhere in the communism anywhere in the world. It was prompted by events world. It was prompted by events

in Turkey and Greece.in Turkey and Greece.

• The Truman DoctrineThe Truman Doctrine

The bone of contention The bone of contention between the U.S. and between the U.S. and

U.S.S.R. during the Truman U.S.S.R. during the Truman years was the future of this years was the future of this

region.region.

• Eastern EuropeEastern Europe

16 European countries 16 European countries accepted aid as a part of this accepted aid as a part of this

U.S. sponsored plan to relieve U.S. sponsored plan to relieve postwar suffering in Europe.postwar suffering in Europe.

• The Marshall Plan (1947)The Marshall Plan (1947)– U.S. aid would serve to halt the spread U.S. aid would serve to halt the spread

of communismof communism

What incident in Europe What incident in Europe convinced the U.S. Congress convinced the U.S. Congress to approve the Marshall Plan?to approve the Marshall Plan?

• The Soviet take-over of The Soviet take-over of Czechoslovakia (1948)Czechoslovakia (1948)

War in this country was an War in this country was an expression of the U.S. policy of expression of the U.S. policy of

containment against communism. containment against communism. This limited “police action” ended This limited “police action” ended

in a stalemate.in a stalemate.

• KoreaKorea

He was the reckless anti-He was the reckless anti-communist crusader whose communist crusader whose

accusations ruined many accusations ruined many lives.lives.

• Senator Joseph McCarthy (R-WI)Senator Joseph McCarthy (R-WI)

What veiled threat did What veiled threat did Eisenhower make to Eisenhower make to

encourage talks ending the encourage talks ending the Korean Conflict?Korean Conflict?

• The use of nuclear weaponsThe use of nuclear weapons