the first 20 elements · solid metalloid. helps make some magnets. the first 20 elements...
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THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
90% of all the atoms in the universe are
hydrogen atoms.
The lightest of
all the elements.
Rocket Fuel.
Our Sun and other stars are made up mainly of hydrogen.
Involved in the hydrogenation
of fats and oils.
A hydrogen fueled car.
A colorless, odorless and reactive gas.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
It makes your voice funny!
It is less dense than air so it makes things
float.
Coolant for nuclear reactors.
Used in cryogenics for
freezing.
Filling party balloons.
Glows purple in an electrical
discharge tube.
A colorless, odorless and inert (non-reactive) Noble gas.
How does the “helium voice” work?
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS Lithium-ion rechargeable
batteries.
Used in pacemaker batteries. It is added to
strengthen glass. Lithium alloys
are used to make aircrafts and
missiles.
It treats manic depression.
The lightest metal and very soft.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
A lightweight Metal.
Used in windows for X-ray tubes.
Structural material for
missiles, high performance aircrafts and
satellites.
Helps make emeralds.
Used in mirrors for telescopes.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Functions in MRI
machines.
Makes boric acid
insecticide.
Helps make glass heat resistant -
Pyrex.
Helps make material for bullet-
proof jackets.
Makes borax detergent.
A hard black solid metalloid.
Helps make some
magnets.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Carbon-based life on Earth.
It comes in two forms - soft graphite and hard diamonds.
Graphite in the frame of a high
performance bike.
Hydrocarbon fuels.
Graphite, not “lead” pencils.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
An important component in DNA.
An important element in fertilizers.
Nitrogen gas (N2) used in SCUBA tanks for deep
sea dives.
An important component of
proteins. Nitrogen
gas makes up 78% of
the air.
A colorless and odorless gas.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
An important element in combustion.
Oxygen gas makes up 21% of air.
Makes up the ozone (O3) layer.
Composes 65% of the human body.
H2O.
Medical oxygen tanks.
Most abundant element in the Earth’s crust.
A colorless and odorless gas.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Helps make radioactive uranium.
Found in fluoride containing
toothpastes.
Found in Teflon non-
stick coatings.
The most reactive of all the elements.
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) in aerosol sprays destroy the
ozone layer.
A yellow poisonous gas.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Glows red in an electrical discharge tube.
Dance club lasers.
Barcode scanners use a helium neon (HeNe) laser.
Neon signs. A colorless, odorless
and inert (non-reactive) Noble gas.
Plasma TV’s are filled with
xenon and neon gases.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used to make hard soaps.
The break down of sodium azide (NaN3)
causes airbags to expand rapidly.
…it must be stored under mineral oil to
prevent it from reacting to the water vapor in
the air.
It is very reactive with water, so...
The compound NaCl makes up table salt.
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
A soft silvery- white metal.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
It is a key component in fireworks.
It is flammable and reactive with water.
A silvery metal.
Since it is lightweight with good
electrical and mechanical
properties, it is essential in
portable electronics.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Aluminum cans can be recycled
many times. “Tin foil” is actually made
from aluminum.
Aluminum pots don’t
rust.
An aluminum frame bike
is more lightweight than a steel
bike.
A shiny silver-grey metal.
The third most abundant
element in the Earth’s crust
(8%).
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
A large component
of clay.
A component of Silicone breast implants.
A major component
of glass. It is semi-conductive so it is used in computer chips.
The second most abundant element (25%)
in the Earth’s crust.
The compound SiO4 makes up quartz.
A silvery solid metalloid.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS Red phosphorus is
used to make safety matches.
It comes primarily in a white and red solid form.
An important component of DNA and RNA.
An important component of the
phospholipids in cell membranes.
Important component in fertilizers.
Organophosphates are deadly nerve agents.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Some strong smelling foods contain sulfur
containing compounds.
Elemental sulfur is naturally found in volcanoes and hot springs.
Disulfide bridges in proteins
determine the texture of
hair.
It is a yellow, non-metal
solid.
Sulfuric acid.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in rotten eggs and farts create bad smells.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
…in the compound NaCl it can be safely consumed in small
quantities daily.
A yellowish gas.
Chlorine gas (Cl2) is a respiratory irritant and was used as a weapon to induce choking in
WWI yet…
Chlorine bleach.
Used as an antiseptic to disinfect pools.
Used to make PVC (polyvinyl chloride), the
third most widely produced plastic.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
After nitrogen gas and oxygen gas, argon is the third most abundant gas
in the atmosphere.
It is a colorless, odorless and inert (non-reactive) Nobel gas, but glows
blue-green in a discharge tube.
It is an asphyxiant used to kill poultry. Considered a more humane method.
It is used as an
atmospheric shield during arc welding.
Used in the
processing of
titanium.
Important for a
healthy nervous system.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Gun powder contains
potassium nitrate (KNO3).
Potash is used as a fertilizer.
Match heads contain potassium chlorate (KClO3).
A silvery metal which is
reactive with water.
THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS
Chalk and cement is
made from calcium
carbonate (CaCO3).
Coral reefs and marine shells are mostly made of
calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
Important for strong bones and
teeth.
Found in dairy products.
A greyish- silver metal.
