The Excretory System

Learning Targets: I can:1.Name each organ of the excretory system along with its function2.Explain how the human excretory system is similar to a one celled organisms3.Identify the types of wastes removed by the organs4.List and explain the homeostasis disorders associated with the excretory system

Had to evolve organ systems for: getting materials

in & around digestive system

respiratory system

circulatory system

removing wastes respiratory system

excretory system

A. PURPOSE: Excretion is the elimination of Excretion is the elimination of

metabolic wastes from the metabolic wastes from the cellscells..

B. WHY? To maintain homeostasis by

regulating the water content of the blood, maintaining blood pH, & removing waste products from the blood

O2

sugar

sugar nutrients

CO2

urea

nutrients

O2

D. D. ORGANS OF EXCRETION:ORGANS OF EXCRETION:How is the human excretory system similar to a one celled organisms?

1.1.Like the cell membraneLike the cell membrane

2. Wastes & CO2. Wastes & CO22 diffuse out of diffuse out of cellscells

3. Contractile vacuole – 3. Contractile vacuole – uses ATP to force water out uses ATP to force water out against the gradient against the gradient Transport Transport Videos Videos

https://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/https://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/urinarysystem/urinarysystem/

C. C. How? How? •Using the excretory organs (skin, lungs, liver, & kidneys)

Major organ of the Major organ of the urinary systemurinary system

RENAL: Refers to kidneysRENAL: Refers to kidneys

A. FUNCTIONA. FUNCTION: : Filtering Filtering SystemSystem1)1) Filter (clean) the Filter (clean) the

bloodblood2)2) Maintain blood pHMaintain blood pH3)3) Maintain water Maintain water

content of blood content of blood volumevolume

B. Kidney StructureB. Kidney Structure

1)1) Renal Artery:Renal Artery: Carries unfiltered (dirty) blood Carries unfiltered (dirty) blood

from heart TO kidneysfrom heart TO kidneys

2)2) Renal Vein:Renal Vein: Carries filtered (clean) blood Carries filtered (clean) blood

from kidneys TO heartfrom kidneys TO heart

3)3) Renal CortexRenal Cortex:: Outer portionOuter portion

4)4) Renal MedullaRenal Medulla:: ““Corn” shaped inner portionCorn” shaped inner portion

5)5) NephronsNephrons:: Functional unit of the kidneys!Functional unit of the kidneys! Lie between cortex and Lie between cortex and

medullamedulla Millions of them!Millions of them!

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a) Uretersa) UretersTubes that carry urine to Tubes that carry urine to bladder from kidneysbladder from kidneys

b) Urinary Bladderb) Urinary BladderCollects urine for Collects urine for excretionexcretion

c) Urethrac) UrethraTransports urine out of Transports urine out of body from bladderbody from bladder

FUNCTION: Recycling of red blood cells, production of ureaRecycling of red blood cells, production of ureaUrea is made from the breakdown of proteins Urea is made from the breakdown of proteins (amino acids)(amino acids)

A. Detox- Chemical poisons made harmlessChemical poisons made harmlessB. Glycogen- Stores excess glucose as Stores excess glucose as

glycogen and releases it as neededglycogen and releases it as neededC. Bile – Helps in the digestion & absorption of fatsHelps in the digestion & absorption of fats

WASTE:

1)1) UreaUrea Urea--- blood--- kidneys---nephrons---urineUrea--- blood--- kidneys---nephrons---urine

Function:largest glandregulates body temperature through perspiration

Waste Removed Water and salts (sweat)Water and salts (sweat)

Also part of the respiratory system

Wastes removed:Wastes removed: Rids body of CORids body of CO22

E. EXCRETORY HOMEOSTASIS DISORDERS

A. Kidney Stones1. Calcium buildup in kidneys due to improper diet or

unknown origin2. Painful when in ureter3. May need surgery if stone is too large

B. Cirrhosis1. Occurs when too much alcohols is consumed2. Liver needs to work extra hard to metabolize alcohol3. By products of alcohol (fats) accumulate in liver which

causes scarring4. Liver may shut down and homeostasis can no longer be

maintained.

C. Gout: 1.Caused by deposits of uric acid in joints. 2.Common with high protein diets. 3.Suffer from stiffness and pain in joints.

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Vein

Artery

Shunt

Air detector Dialysis machine

Blood pump

Blood in tubing flows through dialysis fluid

Used dialysis fluid

Compressed air

Fresh dialysis

fluid

Cleans the dirty blood & returns needed materials back to body