the eight scientific forum ssf bo… · service training method was most preferred method to learn...

THE EIGHT SCIENTIFIC FORUM FOR KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY STUDENTS


Nursing

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0507

Title of Research: Nurses‟ knowledge and attitude toward non-pharmacological usage in

reducing labor pain

Name of

Presenter: اعبػ١ سذ زغ زب

INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH PROBLEM:

There is debate with using pharmacological analgesic agents in labor pain. There is little

information about non pharmacological methods application on Saudi Arabia.

Aim: to assess nurse's knowledge and attitude regarding non pharmacological method in

labor pain management

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Design: Quantitative descriptive design used. Sitting: king Abdul-Aziz university hospital in

gynecology-obstruct units and labor unit. Tool: questionnaires were distributed to nurses.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results revealed that the nurses in the studied organization knew the different types of

non-pharmacological pain relief methods however not all the methods were used during the

labor period. Most Non pharmacological methods interventions known and used were related

to techniques of painful stimuli. The techniques which are related to peripheral sensory were

more known and used by nurses comparing to acupuncture techniques. The entire list given

of the non-pharmacological pain relief methods identified as beneficial especially build

trusting relationship between the woman in labor (n=52, 86.7%) , available (n=51, 85%) and

easy to use(n=51, 85%) respectively have highest rank. Patients related barriers of

unwillingness and strong belief of analgesia were among the highest ranked. Service training

method was most preferred method to learn about the non-pharmacological techniques.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:

Nurses found to be knowledgeable willing and agreeing the benefits the mothers will

appreciate in spite of all the barriers preventing non-pharmacological pain therapies from

being used related to patient unwillingness and hospital policies.

Recommendation: there is need of more research and evidence to support the efficacy of non-

pharmacological methods


Abstract No.: 0516

Title of Research: Transformational Leadership Style and Barriers of its` Application

among First-Line Nurse Managers

Name of

Presenter: ػجذاغال ػجذهللا سذ رب٠


The current study aimed to explore the Transformational Leadership Style (TLS) among First

- Line Nurse Managers (FLNMs`) as perceived by Nurse Managers (NMs`) and Registered

Nurses (RN).


Design: The study followed A quantitative descriptive design. Setting: The present study was

carried out in six hospitals in Makkah city;(Maternity and Children Hospital, Al-Noor

Specialist Hospital, King Faisal Hospital, King Abdul-Aziz Hospital, Hera General Hospital

and Ajyad Emergency Hospital). The Sample was selected by random selection 406 RN.

While, the convenient sampling technique included ` 62 FLNMs. Tool: The data gathering

tool used Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), self-report survey instruments is

developed by Bass and Avolio (2000).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: This study found that FLNMs` they do not have transformational leadership

characteristics.


Recommendations: This study recommended incorporating FLNMs` in Makkah city hospitals

should broadly embrace the transformational leadership style to build viability, exertion, and

profession fulfillment for their RN. Also, FLNMs in all hospitals must overcome the main

barriers that face them in applying the transformational leadership style through implement

on job intensive in-service training and educational courses for leaders on a regular and

mandatory basis regarding transformational leadership skills, regular meeting with superiors

in the organization to verbalize needs, views, resources, policies, and obstacles in

implementing TLS.


Abstract No.: 0588

Title of Research: Managerial & Leadership Competencies of FLNMs at Makkah

(Mixed Method Approach)

Name of

Presenter: اؼ١ش ثشو ثش٠ه ؽش٠ف


Managing the healthcare complexity and challenges requires competent first-line nurse

managers (FLNMs). Over the past ten years the healthcare organizations at Kingdom of

Saudi Arabia has suffered from a severe shortage of qualified FLNMs (Khaled et al., 2012).

Within the context of hospitals at Makkah city, the managerial and leadership competencies

of FLNMs‟ need to be studied.Aim of Study: Explore the managerial and leadership

competencies of first-line nurse managers, at Makkah city.


Embedded mixed methods design employed in four general hospitals at Makkah city. The

FLNMs' managerial and leadership competency level were assessed by using descriptive

survey of superiors (n=34) & subordinate (n=319) perception. Focus group interviews of

FLNMs (n=29) used to identify the method of selecting nurses for managerial position and to

explore deficiency reasons in managerial and leadership competencies among the FLNMs‟

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

None of the FLNMs noted as competent level at Makkah hospitals. There is no specific

strategy, policy or criteria to select nurses in first line managerial position. The deficiency in

managerial & leadership competencies were related to various reasons such as: performing

non-managerial tasks and lack of training, education & preparation of FLNMs.


Based on the study results its necessary to develop policy and systematic strategy to select the

FLNMs based on their managerial & leadership competencies and design formal educational

programs for the FLNMs based on managerial & leadership competencies and provide

opportunities for competencies development.


Abstract No.: 0598

Title of Research: Measurement of Nurse's Magnet Work Environment at Military

Hospitals in Southern Region of KSA

Name of

Presenter: اؾشا ػ غزس فبهخ


As a result of the rapid economic development, the health care requirements are in great

demand in KSA. It is challenge for health care providers to provide high quality care within a

frequently changing environment. A healthy work environment is important to patients,

nurses, nurse's managers, and the community at large. To establish nursing healthy work

environment in Saudi hospitals more effort is needed. The studies from literature about nurses

work environment in KSA are very few and limited. The information's from this research will

provide better understanding of nursing staff perceptions of magnet work environment

characteristics in their workplace and helping them in developing the magnetism concepts in

Saudi health facilities.


Aim: To measure the characteristics of nurse's magnet work environment at Military

Hospitals in Southern Region of KSA. Design: Quantitative- descriptive design Settings:

King Fahd Military Hospital &King Faisal Military Hospital at Khamis Mushyat City.

Sampling: random stratified sample composed of 317 registered nurses.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Based on Essentials of Magnetism II Tool, the highest ranked characteristics were:

„Supportive Nurse Manager Relationships (77.5%), Working with other Nurses who are

Clinically Competent (75.4%) and Culture in which Concern for the Patient is Paramount

(75.2%) while the lowest ranked characteristic was perceived support for education (17.5%).


There is growing interest toward magnet work environment. It is important to give registered

nurses opportunities to participate in practice issues decisions making such as policies

development and improvement and involvement them in the internal governance of the

hospital especially at Military Hospital which are centralized organizations.


Abstract No.: 3375

Title of Research: Nurse Mangers Attitude and Competency towards Delegation in

Jeddah City

Name of

Presenter: لقبؿ ػ سذ فجش سؤ


Delegation is the key for nurse managers and future leaders in order to guarantee productive

outcomes. The use of delegation in nursing management can solve many issues including

nurse shortages. This study aimed to describe nurse managers‟ attitude towards and

competency in delegation and their ability to delegate effectively in a hospital setting


This study uses a descriptive correlation design, Sample: The sample consisted of 90

participants, Sitting: The study was conducted at five hospitals; King Abdul-Aziz University,

King Fahd; Maternity and Children's; King Abdul-Aziz hospital and King Faisal Hospital.

Data Collection: Data were collected by means of a questionnaire aimed at nurse manger

attitude and competency in respect of delegation. Data analysis: The data were analyzed by

using the SPSS 16 computer software statistical package Chi-square, T-independent test and

ANOVA

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

In general nurse managers were unsure about their attitude towards delegation, but agreed

that it saves time. Regarding competency, nurse manager agreed on the importance of

competency and that communication is an important part of delegation. All nurse managers

agreed that they were familiar with their legal responsibility regarding delegation


It was found that experience and the completion of a leadership course are important

elements in delegation. Recommendations: this study recommends the use of simulation

based learning in nursing to improve students‟ skills and nurse mangers should facilitate the

delegation process through the development of clear guidelines. This study strongly

recommends further studies of delegation in Saudi Arabia and more training for all categories

of nursing staff


Abstract No.: 3376

Title of Research: Barriers of Reporting Incident among Nurses at King Abdul-Aziz

University Hospital

Name of

Presenter: رجع ع١ب اثشا١ ادبد


Patient safety reporting systems are available in healthcare organizational aimed to detect

patient safety and quality issues. Incident reporting is frequently used as a general term for

patient safety event reporting systems, which depend on those involved in events to provide

detailed information.

This study aimed to identify barriers of reporting incidents at King Abdulaziz University

Hospital (KAUH) in Saudi Arabia from the perspective of nurses themselves.


A quantitative descriptive method used. The questionnaire distributed among 154 participants

varying between male and female staff nurses at KAUH. A descriptive statistical analysis

used.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Participants revealed there are several barriers to report incidents; however, lack of time and

complexity of works are the main barriers for nurses to report incident within the hospital

units particularly with nurses their experience between 11-20 years.


Conducting this study has several advantages. Firstly, to identify the barriers of reporting

incident by developing an anonymous survey to identify barriers of reporting incident in

clinical practice among nurses. Secondly, identifying the barriers and strategies of reporting

incidents will enhance the patient safety across the organization and encourage the staff to

report the incidents.

A further research is needed to identify the barriers of reporting incidents across different

healthcare organization, considering large sample size.


Abstract No.: 4377

Title of Research: The Relationship between Sleep Disturbance among Nursing Students

and Its Effect on Academic Performance

Name of

Presenter: و١ذ ٠غ فبر فذ


Sleep is a vital indicator of overall health, well-being. It's important aspect of successful

personal, optimal life achievements. Sleep disturbance is a common problem in the society,

especially in college students. Unfortunately, with lack of sleep a lot of unwanted issues will

occur, including impaired thinking, memory. Students are exposed to a significant level of

pressure due to academic demands which affect their sleep.


Descriptive analytical approach, quantitative research. Stratified random sampling from each

year bachelor nursing students. Two instruments will be used Pittsburgh (Sleep Quality Index

questionnaire assesses sleep quality and disturbances). The Epworth (Sleepiness Scale to

identify sleep disorder).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results of this study showed that majority of students have 4-5 sleeping hours, about half of

them have moderate academic score, about half of student takes less than 15 minutes to fall

asleep, and latency for the participants was moderate. Sleep disturbance didn‟t affect on

academic performance among nursing students, there is no statistically significant difference

in the PSQI degrees mean according to the academic average.


Rate of sleep disturbance is high. It's increase over the years. The causes of sleep disturbance

are going to bed late, using technology before bed time, stress, drinking caffeine. The

consequences of it compromise memory, perception of effort, decrease attendance to classes.

Still the need for further researches to make an interventional solutions. Recommendations to

the university to explain the importance of getting adequate sleep for students.

Recommendations to students to excluding the distraction before bedtime, such as mobile,

watching TV


Abstract No.: 5456

Title of Research: The Impact of Stress on Nursing Students‟ Academic Performance

Name of

Presenter: ثبزطبة ػ سذ ػد


The Stress affects every individual and has a powerful impact on the individual‟s health and

well-being .Undergraduate college students report experiencing elevated levels of stress

during the academic year. Increased levels of stress may lead to poor academic performance.


Quantitative correlational study , A validated Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) used to collect the

data. Stress level and its association with GPA analysed.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

there is weak relationship between stress level and GPA.

If the students are able to manage their stress well, higher academic performance can be

attained even with a higher level of stress ,that stress motivated them for better performance.

higher incidence of stress among the student . We could relate that the student had a lot of

exams, excessive assignments and clinical training.

students at King Abdulaziz University have variations in their stress level ,Our study findings

showed a weak relationship between stress level and academic performance


Activate the role of the academic adviser .

Work as a team to find the appropriate management techniques for each students using

available resources

Organize workshops to teach the students how to control stress

Invent counselling clinic for students with special needs and who need more attention .

Time management workshops would be helpful to reduce stress level resulted from bad time

management


Abstract No.: 5946

Title of Research: An Explorative Study Of The Waiting Time In The Adult Outpatient

Clinics In A Teaching Tertiary Hospital In Jeddah

Name of

Presenter: اسشث ثزبع عب أعبء


Waiting time at the outpatient clinics is a core indicator of the quality of care. The aim of this

study is to know the actual reality of reference outpatient clinics at a tertiary teaching hospital

in Jeddah.


Method: An explorative descriptive approach was undertaken using structured field

observation method to identify the waiting time and underlying causes for waiting time.

Sample: 70 adult participated patients were observed by the student researchers Data

collection: using structured interview. Data analysis The data collected were analyzed using

the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The average waiting time was 56 min, from the patients‟ registration at the clinical reception until the

interview by the physicians begins. This length of time is longer than the international recommended

time. The increasing waiting time is due to the following reasons; delayed, doctors clinics, allow

the system to register patients without dates informal, non-compliance with the deadline of

patients, the reviewers were not distributed evenly over the morning and evening clinics.


In conclusion, patients experienced waiting time for outpatient clinics beyond the

recommended average. Recommendation: There is a need to reduce the lengthy waiting

time to increase the effectiveness of the health sector performance and increase patient

satisfactions based on the finding.


Abstract No.: 0359

Title of Research: Prevalence of Depression among Nurses working in Hospitals in

Makkah: A Cross-Sectional Study

Name of

Presenter: خؼ ٠س قس خبذ


Depression is considered as one of most common mental health disorders around the world,

and it is one of the major public health problems. It is considered as one of the major causes

of disability. Early detection is crucial to reduce the costs of depression among nurses. This

study is going to measure the prevalence of depression and determine risk factors among

nurses working in hospitals of the ministry of health (MOH) in Makkah.


A Cross-Sectional Study was conducted among nurses working in hospitals in Makkah city.

A validated self-administered depression scale, the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9),

was used. Data on demographical characteristics and work related variables were collected to

assess risk factors associated with the depression.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Among 671 study participants, 52 % (350) experienced depression with different levels of

severity. Multivariate analysis found some predictors for depression, for example, nationality,

family history of depression, negative life events, job dissatisfaction , a long time of working

per week, little or no physical exercises and night shift for two weeks or more.


Depression is a big issue to nurses which can affect negatively their productivity. For that, it

is important that need for a mental health program to deal with nurses psychological

problems and mental health needs. In addition, nurses need to follow up from decision

makers to find their work problems and find suitable solutions for that.


Pharmacy

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0148

Title of Research: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Propyphenazone

Name of

Presenter: اسشث ى ث ػجذهللا


Developing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that possess an acceptable

gastrointestinal safety index.


One possible strategy in the use of non-acidic NSAID propyphenazone as a basic molecule

for derivatization. Propyphenazone is designed to react with Mefenamic acid in a trial to

increase COX II selectivity. The newly synthesized compound is confirmed by TLC,

elemental analysis and different spectroscopic techniques (1HNMR and MS). The analgesic,

antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities of the drug are investigated, both in vitro, in vivo,

and in silico via molecular modelling studies.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The result of the study showed that the newly synthesized propyphenazone adducts would be

able to exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, with a therapeutic index higher than

the parent derivatized compound with a same selectivity towards COX II and COX I enzyme.


This study is cosidered as start point to develop new non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

with high therapeutic index, more selective and without harmfull effect on GIT.


Abstract No.: 1348

Title of Research: Optimization of Self-Nano-emulsifying Drug Delivery System of

Finasteride Oral Product

Name of

Presenter: س سد ازذ زب


Self nano-emulsion drug delivery systems SNEDDS are new investigated technology having

higher attention for solving many drug related problems.

Optimization techniques have become an important step in development of pharmaceutical

product and drug delivery systems development.

Finasteride is a synthetic compound with poor aqueous solubility; and oral absorption

(absolute bioavailability = 63%).

In this project, SNEDDS was formed to (1) solve the solubility problems of finasteride, and

to (2) detriment the effects of alcohols (co-surfactant) having different carbon atoms numbers

(1C-4C) as solubility study, optical activity and particle size, to create the most suitable

formula for oral route.


Materials: Finasteride, oils, surfactants, co-surfactants.

Methods:

• UV scanning and standard calibration curve

• Solubility Studies

• Mixture design

• Preparation of Ternary Phase Mixtures formulation

• Effect of Co-Surfactant Number of Carbons Atoms

• Ternary Mixtures characterization

• Optimization of the prepared finasteride SNEDDS

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

This work aimed to prepare an optimized SNEDDS loaded with finasteride that is expected to

enhance the drug pharmacological effect. Drug solubility in different oils, surfactant and co-

surfactants has been studied. Experimental mixture design was implemented to develop

SNEDDS of smallest particle size. The effect of co-surfactant number of carbon atoms on

SNEDDS particle size and morphological changes has been tested.


Experimental mixture design has been successfully implemented to prepare an optimized

SNEDDS that possesses smaller globule size. Anise oil, tween 80 and butanol are the suitable

components to prepare SNEDDS that could be utilized in the development of pharmaceutical

finasteride formulation characterized by improved drug bioavailability.


Abstract No.: 4612

Title of Research:

Stability Indicating Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determination of

enrofloxacin & flumequine via Ternary Complex Formation Using

Terbium As Lanthanide Ion.

Name of

Presenter: اسشث عؼذ سذ ث ازذ س٠ذا


Flumequine and enrofloxacin used as an additive in the animal industry for prevention of

infectious diseases. EFX and FL are the members of the quinolone antibiotics .The precisely

high toxicity of these antibiotics leads to the need of speedy, extremely sensitive, and

inexpensive analytical methods. The decarboxylated degradates are biologically inactive and

the detection of these drugs in presence of their degradates is of great concern. The aim of

this work is to develop a stability indicating spectrofluorimetric method for the quantitative

determination of the two drugs based on the formation of ternary complex between the

studied drugs -Tb+3- and hexamine.


Reference solution of Enrofloxacin and Flumequine and market samples have drugs, Terbium

chloride and Hexamine.

Stability indicating spectrofluorimetric method for determination of Enrofloxacin and

Flumequine via Ternary Complex Formation Using Terbium As Lanthanide Ion was applied.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The suggested method quantitatively determined the studied drugs in their bulk powders with

flumequine and enrofloxacin ; respectively .

The suggested method can determined Enrofloxacin and Flumequine in presence of up to

90% of their degradates with good accuracy and precision.


This work showed that the proposed method can be used as a stability indicating one, for

routine work and quality control analysis of enrofloxacin and flumequine in raw materials

and in formulations . The investigated method are sensitive, specificic and time saving.. The

future plan is investigation of the studied drugs in different biological fluids.


Abstract No.: 5148

Title of Research:

Analysis of Some Veterinary Fluoroquinolones Antibiotics in Their

Pharmaceutical Formulation and in Milk Applying Sensitive

Spectrofluorimetric Method

Name of

Presenter: اسشث ػاد هللا ػك ػبئؾ


Enrofloxacine and Flumequine antibiotics can be added directly to food products, mainly to

milk, to prolong their freshness . The WHO prohibits completely the presence of any traces

of these drugs in foodstuff consumed by children because of the risk of arthropathy. Thus,

development of highly sensitive method for analysis of these drugs in milk is great concern.

The main objective of this research is development of highly sensitive spectroflurometric

method for analysis of these drugs either in its pharmaceutical formulation and in milk.


Reference solution of Enrofloxacin and Flumequine & market samples have drugs and

Hexamine buffer.

We develop sensitive spectrofluorometric method for determination of the studied drugs

residues in milk. The validation parameters studied included linearity, precision and

accuracy. The studied drugs were added to defatted milk, and then extracted by a simple

extraction procedure technique.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Emission spectra of both drugs after extraction from milk showed fluorescence with

excitation at 315 nm and emission at 422 nm and 355 nm, for Enrofloxacin and Flumequine,

respectively. These emission maxima were selected for measurement of both drugs. We can

detect EFX and FL in milk in the range from 0.36 to 4.32µg.ml-1 and 1.04 to 7.28 µg.ml-1

for EFX and FL, respectively with almost 100% recoveries.


The proposed method proved to be precise and extremely sensitive for analysis of the studied

drugs in milk and in their formulations. We are planning to determine the residues of the

studied antibiotics in a variety of animal tissues.


Abstract No.: 5272

Title of Research:

Stability Indicating Spectrophotometric Method and Fluorescence

Quenching Method for the Determination of some Veterinary

Antibiotics by Ternary Complex Formation with Eosin and Palladium

(II)

Name of

Presenter: ابى فشذ ف١ق عبس


Enrofloxacin and Flumequine are widely used as feed additives in the animal industry.

According to the high toxicity of these drugs, their presence in animal products should be

identified at very low limits. The decarboxylated degradates are biologically inactive and the

detection of these drugs in presence of their degradates is of particular importance. Many of

reported methods confined by their low sensitivity, expensive cost and complicated extraction

procedures. The suggested procedure is simple, rapid and specific for analysis of the studied

drugs either in presence of their decarboxylated degradates or in their pharmaceutical

formulations, without prior extraction procedure.


Reference solution of Enrofloxacin and Flumequine & market samples have drugs,

Eosin,Palladium chloride.

Stability indicating spectrophotometric and fluorescence quenching methods were applied.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Linearity for spectrophotometric method over the range 〖1.8-10.8 μg.ml〗^(-1) and 〖9-25

μg.ml〗^(-1)for Enrofloxacin and Flumequine; respectively and in the range 0.72 - 5.04

〖μg.ml〗^(-1)and 0.52-3.64 〖μg.ml〗^(-1) for EF and FL; respectively for the

fluorimetric assay. The suggested method can determine Enrofloxacin and Flumequine in

presence of up to 70% and 80% of their degradates; respectively with good accuracy and

precision.


The proposed method can be used as a stability indicating one, for routine work and quality

control analysis of Enrofloxacin and Flumequine in their raw materials and in their

pharmaceutical formulations. The main advantages of the investigated methods are

sensitivity, specificity, cost effectiveness and time saving. The investigated fluorescence

quenching method increase the sensitivity of measurement. The future plan is investigation of

the studied drugs in different animal tissues.


Abstract No.: 6215

Title of Research: Nanostructured fluvastatin formulation for extended release dosage

forms

Name of

Presenter: افز ػش ث قطف اعشاء


Dyslipidemia, a disorder in lipoprotein metabolism, one of the key risk factors for

cardiovascular diseases. Many promising antihyperlipidemic agents suffer from a low

aqueous solubility that leads to poor bioavailability. Fluvastatin sodium (mv), a water-soluble

cholesterol lowering agent. The aim of this study is to prepare fluvastatin and to modify the

release characteristic using various w/w drug/polymer ratio. The morphological properties of

these formulations have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Furthermore, in vitro encapsulation efficiency drug diffusion have been studied.


Materials: FLV, ZN, and ethanol were used.

Methodology:

FLV ZN nanoparticle formulations of different Drug/Polymer ratios at (1:1), (1:2), (1:5) and

(2:1) were prepared by liquid-liquid phase separation method.

Encapsulation Efficiency, Scanning Electron Microscope and In vitro diffusion study were

characterized.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The formulation of 2:1 ratio obtained the highest value (63.09 %). For the rest of formulations, it was

observed that EE was decreased by increasing polymer content in the formula. Surface morphology of

the selected formula showed smooth surface spherical shaped nanoparticles. The average particle size

was less than 100 nm. A biphasic sustained in vitro diffusion pattern was observed, for all the

prepared formula compared to control (FLV).


Zein nanoparticles could be a good carrier of fluvastatin. It was possible to obtain different

values of encapsulation efficiency by variation of drug polymer ratio. The prepared

formulations showed a promising sustained release pattern of drug with suitable nanoparticle

morphology and size in the nano-range.


Abstract No.: 0815

Title of Research: Impact of Thymoquinone on Cyclosporine A pharmacokinetic and

toxicity in Rodent

Name of

Presenter: اشؽ١ذ سغ خضاء سغ


Cyclosporine A (CSA) is a one of immunosuppressant that used in transplant centers.

Nephrotoxicity and hyperglacemia are major side effect of CsA.

Thymoquinone (TQ) is a main active component of black seed .It has a Protective effect

against nephrotoxicity and hyperglycemia .


This study was in a two-phase. Phase I: to study (TQ) effect on CsA (IP/oral)

pharmacokinetics for 5 days. The rats were divided into: oral CsA(10mg/kg) , (IP) ,CsA

,oral CsA+ TQ(10mg/kg)(P.O), and CSA(IP)+ TQ(P.O) . Blood samples were taken at 1, 2,

3, and 5 hours . Phase II: to study the protective effect of TQ against CsA nephrotoxicity and

hyperglycemia: The rats were divided into: control, CsA(10mg/Kg)(IP) , CsA + TQ(10

mg/Kg) and TQ alone for 28 days. The cystatin C, creatinine and blood glucose were

analyzed . The Kidneys were taken for histopathological investigations.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

TQ produced 34% decrease in (AUC) of oral CsA but, in IP CsA produced 4% increase in

AUC of CsA. TQ produced non-significant decrease in creatinine, a significant decrease in

Cystatin C and blood glucose . TQ with CsA prevented the structural changes at both

glomerular and tubular sides of rats‟ kidneys.


In conclusion :

- potential pharmacokinetic interaction between CsA and TQ

- protective effect of TQ against nephrotoxicity and hyperglycemia

Further work needed :

- to confirm PK interaction

- To explore the effect of TQ on immune system when concomitant with CsA.


Abstract No.: 4644

Title of Research: A molecular modeling study On some pyridine derivatives as possible

Adenosine kinase [ADK] inhibitors.

Name of

Presenter: الذا زبذ سغ فذ


In order to investigate novel anti-inflammatory agents Twelve pyridine-containing

compounds with different substitution patterns (AK-SR 1-12) were docked in the active site

of the ADK enzyme extracted from the protein data bank (PDB ID: 2I6B), using the SYBYL-

X2.0 software.


In silico drug modling

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results indicated that all the docked compounds AK-SR-1-12 together with the reported

ligand L have penetrated and positioned onto the same binding site of ADK, with total score

range (T-Score) 7.61 – 2.72 Kcal/M. The top-scoring pyridine derivative AK-SR-1, showed

T-Score (5.98 Kcal/M), which was comparable with the reported ligand L (7.61 Kcal/M).

Meanwhile, the analogs AK-SR-2, 10, 4, 11, 12 and 5 displayed a reliable T-Score range

(4.01-4.71 Kcal/M), when compared with the ligand L (T-Score 7.21 Kcal/M).


The docking pattern of such type of substituted pyridines (AK-SR-1 and 2) makes them the

appropriate template for future development through modification or derivatization in order

to design more potent and selective ADK inhibitors with anticipated anti-inflammatory

activity.

Recommendations

- Working on testing of the compounds involved in these study in vivo.

-Currently working on study of more than fifty compounds.

-Continuation in expansion and development of more potent compounds.


Abstract No.: 5070

Title of Research: Poly Vinyl Chloride matrix membrane electrodes for the determination

of some quinolones antibiotics

Name of

Presenter: اقش خزبس ػال سذ غغب


Enrofloxacin and Flumequine are anti-infective agents, they are effective for veterinary use

only. Enrofloxacin and Flumequine can be analyzed by various methods but they lack

sensitivity and requires costly sophisticated equipment. In the field of analytical chemistry,

the use of simple methods for rapid determination of ionic species is of great importance.


Poly (vinyl chloride),Tetraphenylborate sodium, Flavianate sodium,Tetrahydrofuran, Dioctyl

phthalate plasticizer. In this research we use ion selective electrode to analyze the studied

dugs which is simple and cheap. The chemical design of the electrodes has been developed to

give superior selectivity and response. These electrodes can be prepared by incorporating any

of the many ion-exchanger or natural-sequestering agents within a plasticized PVC matrix,

the developed electrode were considered as useful tools for chemical, and environmental

analysis.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The potentiometric response of the two studied sensors at the optimum pH range and at 25 ±

1^° C are linear over a concentration range 1×〖10〗^(-3) M-1×〖10〗^(-4) M and

1×〖10〗^(-2) M-1×〖10〗^(-3) M for enrofloxacin (sensor 1) and flumequine (sensor 2) ;

respectively. The results showed average recoveries 99.43 ± 0.821 and 100.51 ± 0.679 for

sensors 1 and 2; respectively.


The proposed sensors offer the advantage of high stability, fast response, low cost, selectivity

and direct application on turbid solutions without prior treatment. The prepared sensors were

successfully used for the direct determination of both drugs in their pure forms,

pharmaceutical preparations, in premix and animal feed without prior treatment. In future, we

are planning to analyze other drugs by using this simple and selective electrode method.


Abstract No.: 5304

Title of Research: Effect of Plasticizer type on the release characters of Glimepiride in

situ gel formulation

Name of

Presenter: ؾز اي ازذ ػ ػجذهللا


In situ gel formulation is a type of dosage form that changes its physical characters from

solution (before administration) to gel form after administration in to the body or in contact

with physiological fluids.

The objective is the investigation of poly lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) based in situ gel

formulae loaded with different types of additives to investigate their effect on the release

properties of the formulation utilizing glimepride as a model drug


Glimipiride solubility was investigated in benzyl alcohol and N- methyl pyrrolidone (NMP).

Glimepiride was dissolved in the suitable solvent. The prepared solution was mixed with

either Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol (PG) and

pluronic f127 to investigate their effect on the release of glimepiride. Release properties of

the prepared formulations were investigated Surface properties of the prepared formulation

were investigated using scanning electron microscope.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Solubility studies revealed superiority of glimepiride solubilization by benzyl alcohol

compared with NMP. Results also revealed that F1 (no additive) formula showed the highest

cumulative % released within the nine days study. On the other hand, F2 (PEG loaded)

formula showed the slowest release pattern among the investigated glimepiride in situ gel

formulations.


The inclusion of some additives as PEG, PG, PVA and PluronicF127 affected the release

properties of glimepiride from PLGA based insitu gel formulations.

SEM images did not reveal enough evidence for the possible cause and further analysis is

recommended to explore the exact reason for the variation in release characters.


Dentistry (F)

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0888

Title of Research: Complications Associated With Tooth Extraction at KAUFD

Name of

Presenter: اغ١ب ازذ فبر ثزي


Complications with tooth extraction could be either intra-operative or post-operative. Intra-

operative complications could range from common complications such as root fracture,

bleeding and soft tissue injury. Post-operative complications could occur in the form of pain,

trismus, and dry socket. Objectives: This study aims at finding the incidence and the most

common of immediate or delayed complications associated with tooth extraction at KAUFD.


A cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 100 patients treated by dental

students, as well as dental interns at Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD) from the end of

December until mid-April 2016. Intra-operative complications were observed and monitored

during the extraction procedure, while patients were approached post-operatively through

phone calls on the same day, after 48-hours, and on the seventh day.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The predominant intra-operative complication was root fracture followed by soft tissue

injury, while pain was the most common post-operative complication followed by bleeding.


Complications and infections associated with tooth extraction remain limited and controlled

in our school, which could be attributed to strict adhesion to the school infection control

protocol and could be attributed to the fact that consultants were helping the students to

complete the procedure. However, patients‟ compliance remains a problem regarding

accurate data gathering since few responded back to our calls.


Abstract No.: 0903

Title of Research: Dental fear in primary school childrenand its relation to dental caries

Name of

Presenter: اغبداد سذ ػجذاط١ف فشذ


Dental fear is one of the reasons that may prevent children from attending dental

appointments. Its prevalence differs between countries. This study aims to find dental fear

prevalence and its relation to dental caries.


This study included 1546 children obtained by visiting different private and public primary

schools in Jeddah. Children‟s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) was used to

assess child fear. Dental examination for children was done in order to correlate dental caries

and children‟s dental fear.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The mean total fear score of all the participated children was 26.09 (±10.70). Girls had

significant higher mean total fear score (29.50 ± 12.34) than boys (22.89 ± 7.61, p < 0.001).

The mean total fear scores of children who had untreated decayed permanent teeth was

significantly higher than those who did not have decayed permanent teeth (p < 0.001), while

those who had filled permanent teeth had significantly lower fear scores than those who did

not have filled permanent teeth (p=0.042).


1) The prevalence of dental fear was 23.5% in 6-12 year-old school children in Jeddah.

2) Caries experience as well as filled and decayed permanent teeth affect significantly on

dental fear in children.

3) No relation was found between decayed, missed and filled primary as well as missed

permanent teeth and dental fear.


Abstract No.: 1084

Title of Research: Comparison between Dental Interns and Students‟ Knowledge and

Confidence in Managing Medically Compromised Patients

Name of

Presenter: هبؽىذ ؼب ٠بعش س٠


Introduction: Dentists are integral part of the healthcare team in managing medically

compromised patients. In order to improve the quality of treatment provided for a patient

there has to be an interdisciplinary approach between the dentist and the physician to avoid

complications that may happen during procedures. Moreover, the dentist should have solid

background in dealing with the different medically compromised conditions. Objectives: The

objective of this study was to compare dental interns and students in knowledge, confidence

and clinical experience in managing medically compromised patients.


Methods: A self-administered questionnaire assessing the knowledge and confidence of

several medically compromised conditions was distributed to dental interns and students at

King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: A total of 75 participants answered the questionnaire. In this sample, 72% were

interns and the rest were either 5th or 6th year dental students. Interns showed more overall

confidence in treating medically compromised patient than students; 75.5%, 24.5%

respectively (p= 0.4). Interns reported seeing more medically compromised patients than

students. Interns had significantly better knowledge than students in dealing with diabetes

related laboratory tests, angina, cardiovascular, and anticoagulants. However, there was no

significant differences between interns and students in dealing with unconsciousness,

hypertensive, liver disease, gastric ulcer, asthmatic patients. Better knowledge was related to

self confidence in dealing with hypertension and asthma.


Conclusion: Our study suggest that clinical experience in seeing more medically

compromised patients during internship have positive impact on knowledge and confidence

in treating them. Further studies exploring variation, if any, between knowledge and

confidence based on the different medically compromised conditions is suggested.


Abstract No.: 1230

Title of Research: Gingival and periodontal Disease in Adolescence

A Study of the Oral Statues of School Girls during Adolescence

Name of

Presenter: ابى ػجذهللا ازذ فبه


During puberty, an increased level of hormones, such as progesterone and possibly estrogen,

cause increased blood circulation to the gums. This may cause an increase in the gum's

sensitivity and lead to a greater reaction to any irritation, including food particles and plaque.

Although preventive dentistry has greatly improved over time, dental caries and periodontal

disease continue to negatively affect populations during adolescence.


the study was included 200 female students ,age ranged from 11-15years old from public

school in jeddah . Decayed filled index (WHO caries index ), simplified debris index "DI-

S",using the World health organization (WHO) questionnaire and clinical examination was

used in the study .also an educated lecture was presented to the students about oral hygiene.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Most of the students during adolescence are using tooth brushing twice a day , however high

values of dental plaque and caries were demonstrated which may be due to improper

techniques. The students prefer to visit the dentist only because of pain . Also they prefer

using only tooth brushing and toothpaste as an oral hygiene aid.


They must be advised to periodic visit to the dentist for dental examination (every six

months),not only under pain .Proper techniques of tooth-brushing,and use otf other aids must

be explained and demonstrated . A combination of fluoride and dental sealants is the most

effective preventive approach to reduce dental caries . They are in need to be educated about

healthy diet . Oral health education should be incorporated into the program of the school

curriculum .


Abstract No.: 1390

Title of Research: Incidental Dental Anomalies in Pediatric Dental Patients Detected by

Panoramic Radiographs – A Retrospective Study

Name of

Presenter: ثبص٠ش عب سذ شا


The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency, type and location of dental anomalies

accidentally detected in children attending pediatric dentistry clinics.


A retrospective cross sectional study based on collecting diagnostic records: panoramic

radiographs, medical and dental histories of patients during a one-year period (from

September 2013 to September 2014). Records were evaluated by two calibrated examiners

for the following developmental dental anomalies; Number anomalies (Supernumerary Teeth,

Hypodontia), size anomalies (Macrodontia, Microdontia), positional anomalies

(transposition, impaction), shape anomalies (Fusion, Taurodontism, Dilaceration, Dwarfed

root, Hypercemntosis, Dense Invaginatus, Dense Evaginatus, Talon cusp, Enamel pearls),

Acquired pathological conditions (External resorption, Hypercementosis). Descriptive

statistics were performed for the data.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 1321 records met the inclusion criteria, 682 were males (52 %) and 629 were

females (48%) of age range from 6 to 21 years. The prevalence of developmental dental

anomalies was 29.8% and the highest at age of 14 (9.1%). The distribution of dental

anomalies had no significant difference between genders. The most prevalent dental anomaly

was Hypodontia (9.7%) followed by canine impaction (9%), the Dilaceration (7.1%) and

other teeth impaction (3.2%)(except the 3rd molar). The occurrence of Fusion, Dwarfed root

and Odontoma were less frequent than other dental anomalies with percentage of 0.1%.


Most of the dental anomalies present in childhood. Dental examination with radiographic

screening of developmental dental anomalies in early childhood should be emphasized as part

of routine dental care to allow early detection, intervention and eventually an appropriate

management.


Abstract No.: 4990

Title of Research:

Evaluation the Inhibitory Effect of Functional Fermented Milk

Containing Different Probiotic Cultures on Salivary Mutans

Streptococci Count in Experimental rats: A Randomized Control

Animal Study

Name of

Presenter: اسغ١ فبر ذ س٠ب


The present study was carried out to investigate the inhibitory effect of five different

Probiotic Strains on salivary mutans streptococcus and to evaluate survival rate of probiotic

strains in the oral flora.


Saliva samples for isolation of streptococcus mutans used in this study were obtained from

volunteer patients. Informed written consents were obtained from the parents‟ perior to

sampling from children that matched criteria of selection. Biolog system test for

identification of isolated streptococcus mutans used for infection of rats. The rats (n=42) were

randomly divided according to the type of diet given into 7 groups (n=6). T1: Fermented milk

without any probiotic strain, T2: Fermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, T3:

Fermented milk containing Lactobacillus plantarum, T4: Fermented milk containing

Lactobacillus reuteri , T5: Fermented milk containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus , T6:

Fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium bifidium. Rats were housed up to five weeks

where saliva samples were collected from rats' oral cavities at the end of each week to

evaluate the inhibitory effect of different probiotics by counting the streptococcus mutans and

lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in rats' saliva.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

We found that streptococcus mutans count was significantly decreased in group T3, T4, T5,

and T6 with varying degrees where group T4 showed the statistically significant lowest S.

mutans mean count followed by T5 (P-value<0.001). Group C and T1 showed a statistically

significant highest in streptococcus mutans mean count.


Different Probiotic strains showed an inhibitory effect against streptococcus mutans count

with varying degrees. Milk containing lactobacilli reuteri could be one of the best dietary

regimens for dental caries prevention.


Abstract No.: 5029

Title of Research: How to Repair Fractured CADCAM Ceramic Restorations with

Composite?

Name of

Presenter: ه١ت سذ اه ػجذ سا


All–ceramic restorations are commonly used as aesthetic restorations and with time they may

chip or fracture. Repairing ceramic restorations should be an alternative treatment option.

Objective: The aim of this study is to test the effect of surface conditioning on the reparability

of CAD/CAM hybrid and Zirconia ceramics with composites.


Two different CAD/CAM blocks were used in this study; Hybrid (company name) and

zirconia (company name). Both types of ceramics were divided into four groups based on the

surface treatment protocol used. Control group (C): no treatment, 5% hydrofluoric acid

etching group (HF), Sand blast group (SB) and tribochemical surface treatment group (TBC).

All samples were treated with silane, bonding agent and then nanohybrid composite was

build up into blocks following the manufacturer‟s instructions. Samples were then subjected

to thermocycling (500x 5o to 55o). Subsequently, bond strength was measured using a

microtensile test machine. Tow-way ANOVA and Turkey‟s post-hoc test was used to test the

difference in bond strength of different materials and different surface treatments (P<0.05)

using SPSS soft ware.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

When repair bond strength of various surface conditioning protocols was compared; the

highest repair bond strength for hybrid ceramics was detected in samples treated with HF

(P<0.001) while the lowest repair bond strength for zirconia blocks was in samples exposed

to this same conditioning protocol (P<0.001). However, when repair bond strength of various

ceramics was compared; the repair bond strength was higher for repaired hybrid ceramics

than repaired zirconia in all used surface conditioning protocols (P<0.001).


Repairing hybrid ceramics after conditioning the surface with hydrofluoric acid could be a

viable provisional line of treatment.


Abstract No.: 5398

Title of Research:

Effect of Different Dental Pulp Capping Materials on the Proliferation

and Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Origin Derived

Mesenchymal Stem Cells:In Vitro Study

Name of

Presenter: ػجذسث ػجذهللا ػبد سغذ


Bacterial infection is the most frequent cause of pulp diseases. It may enter the tooth through

caries, dental trauma, or marginal breakdown at the restoration-tooth interface. Caries

progresses rapidly through demineralized enamel, but will progress more slowly in

demineralized dentine. When a dentist is drilling a tooth to remove the parts of the enamel

and dentin destroyed by caries, it is easy for the instruments to expose a small, pinpoint-sized

area of the vital dental pulp. Teeth where the caries has penetrated deep into the dentin are

especially vulnerable to this type of injury.

Direct pulp capping has been an important breakthrough in the field of restorative dentistry.

It is an effective solution to that common problem. Direct pulp capping is a dental procedure

designed to allow exposed pulp to regenerate and stimulate the odontoblasts, which form the

outer layer of the pulp, to produce dentine.

Dental pulp capping materials must be durable and conducive to dentine regrowth while

inhibiting the growth of bacteria that may damage the tooth. The most popular dental pulp

capping materials currently used in dentistry beside calcium hydroxide are mineral trioxide

aggregate (MTA, nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA), Biodentine, and TheraCal LC.

It remains unclear, which of the newly direct pulp capping materials (MTA, NHA,

Biodentine, and TheraCal LC) is the most conducive to the proliferation and odontogenic

differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different dental capping materials

[TheraCal LC, nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA), Biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate

(MTA)] on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp

mesenchymal stem cells.


Laboratory evaluation was conducted in seven phases. Phase I: isolation and cell culture of

dental pulp stem cells from human extracted teeth. Phase II: characterisation of isolated

human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of

hDPSCs markers (CD90, CD73, and CD34) was quantified. Phase III: preparation of capping

materials and cell seeding. The capping materials were prepared according to the

manufacturer‟s instructions, and placed at the bottom of wells in a plate, with 12 wells for

each material. hDPSCs were seeded on the tested materials at 3,000 cells/well. In addition, 12

wells receiving only hDPSCs were used as a negative control group. Phase IV: an MTT cell

proliferation assay was conducted to evaluate the effects of the capping materials on the

viability of hDPSCs. Phase V: odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs was induced by

incubation with odontogenic induction medium. Phase VI: the effects of the capping

materials on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs were assessed by

real-time PCR to detect the gene expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein and collagen type


I and by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity. Phase VII: visualization of calcium

deposition by Von Kossa staining. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn-

Bonferroni tests.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The cell culture samples treated with Biodentine showed significantly higher cell viability

(41.33%) compared to the control (35.00%), NHA (29.50%), MTA (29.00%), and TheraCal

LC (20.83%) groups. Among the tested material groups, there were statistically significant

differences in the percentage expression of genes encoding dentin sialophosphoprotein and

collagen type I (χ2 (4) = 39.091, p = 0.000). The mean rank of hDPSCs dentin

sialophosphoprotein and collagen type I gene expression was significantly higher in the

Biodentine group than in other groups. There were also significant differences in alkaline

phosphatase activity between the groups treated with Biodentine (43.58%), NHA (37.33%),

MTA (32.25%), and TheraCal LC (25.83%). Moreover, von Kossa staining revealed that the

Biodentine group showed the greatest calcified mineralisation, while the TheraCal LC group

showed the least.


The dental capping material Biodentine exhibited higher odontogenic ability and lower

toxicity than NHA, MTA, and TheraCal LC. These results provide support for using

Biodentine as a pulp capping material to increase therapeutic efficiency.

Recommendations:

1. Biodentine is recommended for use in pulp capping treatment.

2. Further in vitro studies should be conducted to examine the viability of the capping

materials over longer period of time

3. Further in vitro studies should be conducted to examine additional materials to

identify those with the best properties.

4. Further in vivo studies should focus on the clinical effect of the materials to support

the present results.


Abstract No.: 5580

Title of Research: Child factors affecting dental fear in primary school children

Name of

Presenter: اغبداد سذ ػجذاط١ف فشذ


Dental fear is one of the reasons that may prevent children from attending dental

appointments. There are various factors that affect dental fear. This study aims to determine

the different child factors that may affect on child dental fear.


This study included 1546 children obtained by visiting different private and public primary

schools in Jeddah. Children‟s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) was used to

assess child fear. Dental examination for children was done in order to correlate dental caries

and children‟s dental fear. Behavior was assessed during dental examination. Different

factors affecting children‟s dental fear were assessed by formulation of a parent

questionnaire.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Older children and girls had higher fear than younger ones and boys (P=0.000). Children with

poor behavior, those who experienced previous dental extractions unlike fillings had higher

fear than those with good behavior and those who did not undergo each of these procedures,

(P=0.000, 0.012 and 0.018 respectively), children with negative behavior during examination

by Frankl had higher fear than those with positive behavior (P=0.000).


Age, gender, poor behavior during previous dental visits, negative behavior during

examination, previous dental extraction and fillings were factors significantly affecting

children‟s dental fear.

It is recommended that more attention should be given to girls and boys of certain ages.


Abstract No.: 5593

Title of Research:

Assessing the Prevalence and Documentation of Oral lesions at the

Undergraduate Female Dental Students Clinics in the Faculty of

Dentistry King AbdulAziz University Hospital

Name of

Presenter: ٠الر غ ػجذاجذ٠غ س


Proper examination and documentation of oral mucosal lesions should be performed for early

diagnosis and management. Lack of information on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in

the Saudi population may lead to a risk of overlooking these lesions.


5th and 6th year female dental students patient‟s electronic records (CareStream R4

Software) at King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry Hospital were obtained and

assessed for the presence of oral lesions. Furthermore, a survey was distributed to investigate

the awareness on the importance of documentation of oral lesions

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Out of 868 screened digital file numbers, 47 lesions (5.4%) were documented. 85% of the

lesions were found in female patients. 25% of the lesions were ulcers, 21% white lesions,

19% red lesions. Only 15% of the lesions were associated with pain. 56% of these lesions

were found in the buccal mucosa. 52% of the students responded to the questionnaire and

52% of students think they do not have sufficient knowledge on the different types of oral

lesions.


Ulcers were the most common and documented lesions, with half located on the buccal

mucosa. When reviewing the patient‟s digital records, it was noticed that the students do not

take proper history, fail to accurately document and describe the lesions. This is either due to

lack of knowledge on performing good oral examination, or lack of awareness of the

importance of proper examination and accurate documentation. More efforts should be made

to stress on the importance of early detection and diagnosis of oral lesions this will support

developing measures that will improve the overall oral health care of the community.


Kidney & Renal

System

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 1315

Title of Research: Chronic kidney disease following acute kidney injury in children

Name of

Presenter: ؾبه ع١ب داد غذ


Factors influencing the long-term outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric critical

care units (PICU) have not been well established. The aim of this study was to determine the

two-year outcome of AKI following admission to PICU.


A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2012 and December 2013. We

followed 131 children admitted to PICU with a diagnosis of AKI, based on pediatric

modified RIFLE criteria (pRIFLE), for two years. During the study period, 46 children died

and 38 of survivors completed the follow-up. Factors affecting long-term progression to

chronic kidney disease (CKD) were also evaluated.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The two-year mortality was more than 40%. The main determinant of the two-year mortality

was the Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) Score, which increased the risk of mortality by

6% per each one score (Adjusted OR, 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00 – 1.11).

By the end of two years, 33% of survivors had reduction in the GFR and proteinuria and 73%

were hypertensive. Patients with more severe renal impairment at admission, based on

pRIFLE criteria, had higher mortality rate. This association, however, was not independent

since it was influenced by baseline disease severity (PRISM score).


Large proportion of patients admitted to PICU with AKI either died during the first two

months of follow-up or developed long-term complications. The severity of AKI, however,

was not an independent risk factor for mortality.


Abstract No.: 3371

Title of Research:

The Possible Protective Effect Of Olive Oil In The Biochemical And

Histopathological Changes Of Kidney In Rats Induced By

Hyperlipidemia

Name of

Presenter: ثب ثىش سذ ػج١ش


Hyperlipidemia has been recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases

atherosclerosis, and is now emerging as a contributing factor for the progression of renal

diseases. Olive oil was well known to reduce the cholesterol and triglyceride .

Nephroprotective effects of olive oil are inconsistent. So, the objective of this study is

designated to investigate the possible protective effect of olive oil against biochemical and

histopathological changes which induced in the rat kidney fed with high fat diets


24 adult male albino rats( 200-250gm) , divided into three groups: Group1: animals served

as control. They fed standard diet along with saline . Group 2: animals were fed high SFD (

lightly heated butter ) at a dose of 6ml along with standard diet. Group 3 : animals were fed

high SFD (6.0 ml) with fresh Olive oil (1.5 ml) for 10 weeks. After finishing the

experiment, blood samples will be collected and assessed for lipid profile and kidney

functions . Then , statistical analysis of the data using the appropriate statistical tests will be

also conducted. . Then , rats sacrificed after anesthetized by ether and both kidneys

extracted and processed for histopathological examination .

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

In the present study, histological examination of renal tissue of the rats fed on SFD for 10

weeks showed various degrees of degeneration and necrosis of glomeruli and renal tubules

with areas of hemorrhage between the renal tubules. Histological examination of the renal

tissue fed on SFD and olive oil showed less affection of the glomeruli and renal tubules with

less areas of hemorrhage.


From this study, it is concluded that olive oil protects the kidney from hyperlipidemia -

induced injury. Daily consumption of olive oil in the diets is recommended , particularly for

those who consume a high-fat diet.


Abstract No.: 4442

Title of Research: Chronic Kidney Disease in Neonates

Name of

Presenter: ؾبه ع١ب داد غذ


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is rare in neonates.

RRT in neonates is expensive, time consuming and difficult. Very little data about neonatal

CKD is available from the third world


All neonates with evidence with CKD from 2005 to 2015 were reviewed. Follow up serum

creatinine was recorded every six months for mean (SD) duration of 29.56 (30.49) months

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Total of 181 children presented with CKD. Their mean age at presentation was 11.1 days

(95% CI 9.5-12.8) and the mean creatinine was 106.5 uml/l (95% CI 91.3-121.7).

Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) was the underlying cause in

84 5%. Mortality was high particularly in the first 6 months (10%) and reached 16% by 4

years of follow up. Younger age at presentation, male sex and hypertension were associated

with higher mortality. On the last follow up 42 (41%) children had hypertension and 27

(26.5%) had significant proteinuria. Five children had received dialysis in the neonatal period

and another 6 were started dialysis later on.


Management of advanced CKD in neonates is challenging particularly in developing

countries


Abstract No.: 4581

Title of Research: The Possible Protective role of Garlic against High fat diet effect on

rat Kidney: Histopathological and biochemical studies

Name of

Presenter: ثشادػ أزذ ػ جشن عؼبد


Hyperlipidemia remains as one of the most challenging clinical problem. It has an impact

on many vital body organs including the kidneys . Drugs used for controlling

hyperlipidemia showed drastic side effects. Garlic was used to lower serum lipids in

hyperlipidemic patients.The present study was designed to evaluate the protective role of

garlic juiceon the induced histological changes of the rat kidneyby high fat diet (HFD).


High Fat Diet (HFD): Saturated fat was used in the form of butter, in a dose of 20 gm/100

gm standard rat diet.

Garlic juice: Garlic juice was prepared in an electric blender and was given in dose of 4

gm/100 gm (4%) of diet

Male albino rats were sorted to 4 groups (N=5); control. High fat diet (HFD) , HFD +garlic

juice(GJ) and GJ groups,the experiment lasts for 4 weeks. Kidneys were processed for light

microscopic examination using paraffin sections stained by Haematoxylin and eosin.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

HFD result in degenerative changes and atrophy of glomerular capillaries, vacuolation and

damage of renal tubules. The changes were potentially amoleriated by administration of

garlic juice (GJ).


Consumption of garlic via its anti oxidant properties could be used as a supplement and

advised for protecting kidney in hyperlipidemic patients.


Abstract No.: 4930

Title of Research: Urinary Albumin Creatinine 1

Name of

Presenter: اسبص سذ ف١ق ؽشق


Renal dysfunction is a destructive disease that affects a large number of diabetic patients. An

absolute treatment is very hard to achieve once the disease has been diagnosed. As a result,

several studies done to assess the early stages of diabetic nephropathy.

The aim of the study was to evaluate urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) for early

detection of renal dysfunction in type2 diabetes (T2DM) patients.


Study was conducted at king Abdulaziz university hospital.100 subjects comprising of male

and female aged between 45 to 75 years had participated. They were divided into 4 groups,

T2DM patients with HbA1c levels <7% (group I), HbA1c levels 7% -9% (group II), HbA1c

levels > 9% (group III) and healthy subjects with HbA1c levels < 6 as control group (group

IV). Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, serum urea, serum creatinine, urinary albumin and

creatinine were estimated and ACR was calculated. The Statistical Software SPSS 21 was

used for the analysis of the data.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A significant correlation existed between ACR and high HbA1c and duration of diabetes.


We recommended that all diabetic patients must be screened for ACR as an early marker for

renal dysfunction.


Abstract No.: 6065

Title of Research: Evaluation of Peer Teaching in Research Methodology Courses

Among Undergraduate Medical and Para-medical Students

Name of

Presenter: امش عؼ١ذ اشز ػجذ دا١ب


Introduction

Throughout the years, medical education curriculums and educational methods have been

improved to make sure that the maximum amount of information has been passed to the

medical students on their undergraduate study. Also peers teaching has proved to have a great

impact in the educational process. So this study aims to see the effects of intense research

methodology course on undergraduate medical and health applied students.


Method

This is interventional Before-After study (Single Arm) done at KAUH, Jeddah in August

2016. The questionnaire was distributed among 447 different medical colleges students who

attended the course in scientific research that presented by medical students. The

questionnaire contains four parts: Personal information, attitude, satisfaction score, and actual

assessment test. Both self and actual assessment questions cover the information that is

presented during the course lectures. Data had been entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed

using the SPSS software.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results:

The total score average of students' Pre-course actual assessment was 10 point out of 32, and

remarkably increased to be 21 points out of 32 after the course. (P < 0.05). At the same time, the total

score average of the students' s Pre-course satisfaction was 46 points out of 130 and has significantly

increased to 92 points out of 130.(P < 0.05).


Conclusion:

Peers led research methodology course had a great impact on level of knowledge, attitude and

satisfaction of undergraduate students. We need to implement peer teaching of research

methodology as a separate subject in the academic curriculum.


Abstract No.: 0726

Title of Research: The Effect of Bioactive Compounds from Hibiscus sabdariffa in

Preventing Atherosclerosis by Regulating CD36 Gene Expression

Name of

Presenter: ابى هللا ػجذ هالي أعبء


In Saudi, total of deaths caused from Cardiovascular disease was 46%, recently found an

association between the bioactive components in Hibiscus sabdariffa, in preventing

atherosclerosis. The study aimed to investigate the effect of anthocyanins from H. sabdariffa

tea on the atherosclerosis biomarkers and regulating CD36 gene expression in adults


Participants asked to fast for 12 hours after 3 days washout, then blood sample and blood

pressure were collected. In addition, subjects asked to complete dietary record for 3 days

before intervention, then consumed H. sabdariffa tea (240 ml -1 tea bag) twice a day for 6

weeks. During intervention participants followed their usual diet, blood sample and blood

pressure was collected at the end of the study.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Significant decline in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and fat oxidizing of participants while no

changes in levels of LDL , TG , cholesterol and the rate of glucose. Also, a significant increase in

HDL. Moreover, CD36 gene expression was down regulated while CD36 protein was increased.

Positive correlation between was found between CD36 gene expression and OxLDL. The study found

that there was no significant differences in participants antioxidants concentration


The study shows that anthocyanins c from H. Sabdariffa may have an effective role in preventing of

atherosclerosis due to the influence of relevant biomarkers related and regulating the CD36 gene

expression. Therefore, the study recommend to increase the duration of intervention to confirm the

effect of anthocyanins and further studies needed to study the effect of anthocyanins on OxLDL,

formation of foam cells, CD36 upstream transcription factor and PPARγ nuclear protein levels.


Abstract No.: 5257

Title of Research: Caesarean Section: 16-years' trend, risk factors and attitudes of

females delivered at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

Name of

Presenter: ادذػب زغ١ فبر ب


The rates of Caesarean Sections (CS) continue to increase worldwide. However, inadequate

studies were done in Jeddah. To determine sixteen-years‟ trend of CS among females

delivered in the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, King Abdulaziz University

Hospital (KAUH) from 2001 to 2015 and to identify the associated factors for CS among

females delivered during 2015/2016.


Two study designs were conducted. A retrospective cohort was done through reviewing of

delivery records of Obstetrics and Gynecological Department of King Abdulaziz University

Hospital (KAUH) during 16 years‟ period (2001-2015). The second part was a case-control

study. A total of 300 females were included; 150 cases delivered by CS were matched by age

with an equal number of females delivered vaginaly . Data collection sheet contained a

validated questionnaire, and reviewing of female's record was used. Descriptive and

inferential statistics were done.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The 16 years' trend showed that CS rate increased from 13.86% to 31.81% from 2001 -2015

(129.5 % increase). Regarding case-control, CS was associated with increased BMI,

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), non-cephalic presentation, multiple pregnancies, fetal

distress, low Bishop score. Regarding attitudes, females in CS group had better attitudes

towards CS compared to others. The most frequent CS indications were previous CS (26%),

fetal distress and maternal emergencies. Opinion of mothers accounted for 3.7%.


Increasing rates of CS deliveries was prevailed among females delivered at KAUH from

2001 to 2015. The commonest cause of CS was previous CS 26%. Increase the awareness

about CS complicity and the advantage of vaginal delivery is recommended.


Abstract No.: 0533

Title of Research: Assessment of the Etiologies and Outcomes of Rapidly Progressive

Glomerulonephritis in Pediatric Patients at KAUH

Name of

Presenter: امش عؼذ ػجذهللا خبذ


Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis(RPGN),is an uncommon but serious syndrome in

pediatric patients.RPGN is characterized by a rapid deterioration in renal function and

eventually progress to end stage renal disease(ESRD).The aim of this study was to investigate

the etiologies and outcomes of RPGN in pediatric patients at KAUH


A retrospective study was conducted of 19 pediatric patients who were diagnosed with

RPGN, between 2006 and 2016, at KAUH. Relevant data were extracted from medical

records. Associations between variables were evaluated using statistical tests as appropriate

for the dataset

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The majority of patients were males,13(68.42%), with a mean age at diagnosis of 8.52years.

The most common etiologies were post-infectious glomerulonephritis(63.2%) and lupus

nephritis(21.1%). Macroscopic hematuria and edema were identified in 89.5% of cases, with

macroscopic hematuria being the main presenting symptom in patients with post-infectious

glomerulonephritis(P=0.026). The mean serum creatinine level at presentation was 327.12

μmol/L, decreasing to 217.6 μmol/L at the last follow-up. Serum creatinine levels at the last

follow-up were predictive of clinical outcomes(ANOVA, P=0.019). Thirteen patients

exhibited a good clinical prognosis, with 6 exhibiting a poor prognosis,4 of whom progressed

to ESRD, one experiencing a relapse and one developing chronic kidney disease. Among the

19 patients, two died and one underwent hemodyalisis


Post-infectious glomerulonephritis was the most common etiology of RPGN, with these

patients achieving a good clinical prognosis overall. Early identification and treatment of

RPGN is important to preserve renal function, which is a key factor for achieving a good

prognosis


Abstract No.: 5697

Title of Research: Robotic Partial Nephrectomy: Report of One Institution's Transition in

the Middle East

Name of

Presenter: امبؿ اىش٠ ػجذ أزذ ٠ؼشة


To report Robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) outcomes from a lower-volume center where

surgeons are transitioning from laparoscopic to RPN. RPN is gaining popularity in the

Western world, with excellent outcomes. However, RPN outcomes from experienced

laparoscopic surgeons transitioning to robotics at lower-volume centers in the Middle East

are unknown.


Patients undergoing RPN between 2008 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were

divided into „initial‟ (2008-2013) and „mature‟ (2014-2015) groups. Patient demographics,

tumor characteristics, perioperative data were collected. Tumors were categorized as low

complexity or high complexity according to a nephrometry scoring system. Data were

compared between the two time-period groups and between tumor complexity categories

using t-test and fisher exact tests.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Fifty-four patients underwent RPN during the study period, 29 in the 'initial' and 25 in the

'mature' group. Tumor size was 2.8+0.9 versus 3.0+1.6 cm (P=0.065) and RENAL score was

> 7 in 17% versus 56% (P=0.003) in the 'initial' and 'mature' groups, respectively. Various

perioperative parameters were similar between these two groups: blood loss warm ischemia

time, operative time, conversion to open surgery, major complications, hospital stay and early

post-operative renal function (P=0.18).


Our data indicate that the transition from laparoscopic to RPN is smooth and without

compromised perioperative outcomes, even at a low-volume center with multiple surgeons.


Microbiology &

Infectious Diseases

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0422

Title of Research: Blastocystis Hominis: Is It A Cause Of Diarrhea?

Name of

Presenter: الذ زغ ػجذهللا ث١ب


Background: The organism Blastocysts hominis can be found in the fecal sample of healthy

individual without symptoms. It is also can be found in the fecal sample of individual having

gastrointestinal problems. Therefore, the pathogenicity and pathophysiology remains

controversial.

Objective: to determine if Blastocystis hominis is a causative agent of diarrhea and

investigate its prevalence among patients visiting King Abdulaziz University Hospital,

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from January 2013 till June 2015 and to determine any significant

correlation between age, gender, nationality and other parasitic infection with the presence of

Blastocystis hominis.


Data were collected and annualized between January 2013 till June 2015 from Parasitology

lab, using the data base at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and

statistical analysis were done using Statistical package for social science program (SPSS).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Out of 3,035 of total stool analysis requested, 157 samples were positive for B. hominis

(5.2%). 80 (51.6%) were males, and 76 (48.4%) were females. The distribution of B. hominis

infection was high in 31-50 aged group (25.5%). There was a statistically significant

correlation between the presence of Blastocystis and diarrhea at p<0.05 and there was no

correlation between age, sex, nationality and other parasites with positivity of B. hominis.


Blastocystis is a causative agent of diarrhea. Therefore, further studies need to be done in

order to investigate its role of pathogenicity and more data should be revised to assess the

pathogenicity of Blastocystis subtypes.


Abstract No.: 0487

Title of Research: Knowledge and Attitude towards Zika virus among Medical students

Name of

Presenter: ؾشف اشز ػجذ زبر ١ب


Nowadays, Zika Virus (ZIKV) represents an important worldwide public health challenge.

The study was done to assess knowledge and attitudes of medical students enrolled in King

Abdulaziz University (KAU) towards ZIKV, and to identify factors associated with their

knowledge.


A cross-sectional study was conducted among 426 participants selected through multistage

stratified random sample technique. A validated, confidential, interviewing questionnaire

contained 25 knowledge and 10 attitude items was used during 2015/ 2016. Knowledge score

was calculated.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Facebook was the commonest source of ZIKV information. About one-half of the

participants correctly identified mosquito bites (53.3%) and perinatal route (50.5%) as ZIKV

transmission modes. It was found that 77.5%, 15.0%, and 7.5% of the participants obtained

poor, fair, and satisfactory scores, respectively. Age, educational year and attending ZIKV

training were significantly associated with better knowledge (p < 0.05). Concerning attitudes,

about one-half of the students agreed that “world can control ZIKV epidemic”. Most of them

are interested in learning more about ZIKV.


There is a gap in students‟ knowledge about ZIKV. Implementation of educational programs

and inclusion of courses about emerging diseases in undergraduate medical students‟

curricula are recommended.


Abstract No.: 0563

Title of Research: Antimicrobial Activity of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

Name of

Presenter: ثخبس بؽ ث اثشا١ دػبء


Nanotechnology of metallic silver in the formation of silver nanoparticles has made a

remarkable comeback as a potential antimicrobial agent. The main aim of this study is to

investigate the antimicrobial activities of commercially available colloidal silver

nanoparticles solutions of various concentrations against a range of sensitive and resistant

microbial quality control straing in-vitro.


The antimicrobial activities of solutions were investigated by using the agar well diffusion

method. The results showed antimicrobial potential against a wide spectrum of sensitive and

multidrug resistant bacteria and fungus.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Both bacterial and fungal strains were slightly more sensitive to highest concentration (40

ppm) than to lowest concentrations (10, 20 & 30 ppm). However, with 40 ppm showed

strongest bactericidal effect with widest zones of inhibition against single strain from Gram-

negative bacteria (P. mirabilis), two strains from Gram-positive bacteria (L. monocytogenes

and S. aureus) and a fungus strain (C.albicans) . Interestingly, multi-drug resistant bacteria

(Klebsiella spp. , ESBL and MRSA) showed widest zones of inhibition when compared to

antibiotic sensitive bacteria used in this study.


Nanosilver could be a significant therapeutic agent for the treatment of a wide spectrum of

diseases caused by pathogens. What is now required is further in-vitro studies with large

number of antimicrobial-sensitive and resistant bacteria and fungal clinical isolates to

confirm potential effect of nanosilver on these pathogens. Also experimental animal studies

and clinical trials are required to determine usefulness of nanosilver both in-vitro and in-vivo.


Abstract No.: 2385

Title of Research: Comparison between Detecting Salmonella Species by Conventional

Culture Method and InSiteSalmonella Species Detection System

Name of

Presenter: اط١ش هذ ػب٠ل ثؾب٠ش


Salmonellosis in human is one of the leading causes of foodborne bacterial enteritis in many

countries. Timely intervention of the infection depends on rapid detection methods for the

purpose of diagnosis as well as for the prevention of food contamination and food borne

outbreaks. The aim of this study is to apply two existing Salmonella species detection

methods.


(InSite Salmonella species detection system and conventional XLD culture method) to the

screening of different bacterial and fungal clinical isolates from pure cultures.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results of this study showed that both microbiological methods allowed correct detection

of Salmonella species from artificially inoculated bacterial suspension of controlled inoculum

within 24 h of incubation. On the other hand, all bacterial and fungal clinical isolates were

tested negative by both methods except for the false-positive reaction of a single strain of E.

coli using the InSite Salmonella device (visual color change of medium from purple to bright

yellow within 24 hours of incubation). In both methods, Salmonella species was detected

even in the presence of competing microorganisms (Gram-negative bacteria clinical isolates).


additional scientific studies to assess the performance of the InSite Salmonella species

detection system should be conducted. Further research is needed regarding use of InSite

Salmonella species detection system in multiple clinical and non-clinical circumstances.

Studies of test performance should assess specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and

association of test results using larger number of microbial isolates form clinical and non-

clinical environment.


Abstract No.: 4467

Title of Research: New therapeutics for Trichomonas vaginalis targeting lipid salvage

pathways of the parasite

Name of

Presenter: اؾ١خ ازذ ٠بعش ١ب


Trichomonas vaginalis is a common parasite causing trichomoniasis. Females are the main

high risk group. There is a compelling need for therapeutics, other than 5' nitroimidazoles, to

treat trichomoniasis. Drug resistance as well as teratogenic and other serious adverse effects

for metronidazole, the most commonly used medication. Trichomonas largely lacks the

ability of de novo lipid synthesis, and rely on salvaging them from host to produce energy

and achieve membrane biosynthesis.


The aim was to develop a novel array of therapeutics targeting the lipid salvage pathways of

the parasite and using metformin/berberine to deplete lipids resources needed for parasite's

growth and replication. The inhibitory effects of drugs, on multiplication of T.vaginalis,

were assessed in an axenic culture of the parasite compared to a negative control and to

metronidazole. Monitoring of the drug's lethal effects was achieved through vital staining

techniques with manual as well as flow cytometry counting methods. The specific deleterious

effects of each drug was screened by studying the ultrastructure of dead parasites.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A statistically significant reduction in T.vaginalis trophozoite growth was observed in

cultures treated with metronidazole compared with negative control samples.

Phase-contrast light microscopy showed altered structure of parasites treated with

Metronidazole.


Metformin and berbarine is efficient treatment for trichomonasis and more save for pregnant

women.


Abstract No.: 4484

Title of Research: Assessment Of The Awareness and Attitude Towards MERS-COv

Among Public in Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: خشخ اثشا١ ث خذ


Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection is one of the global

health problems with progressive increase in cases and deaths that is primarily detected in

KSA in 2012 . The exact cause and route of transmission is unknown. Mass gathering during

season of Hajj and Umrah, decreased hygienic conditions and lack of community knowledge

about the infection, increases the risk for being infected. As published by MOH in KSA in

November 30, 2015 the number of cases in Saudi Arabia reached 981 cases, which accounts

for 89% of global cases, of which 428 cases have died accounting for 93.8% of total global

deaths


A descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted in an academic tertiary hospital in Jeddah

city, Saudi Arabia

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Questionnaires were completed by 162 male and 144 female, of whom 35% agreed that there

is an available vaccine for corona. In contrary, the majority of respondents considered the

corona as a contagious disease that requires medical supervision and it‟s dangerous to visit

crowded places. Moreover, 103 of the respondents either didn‟t knew or didn‟t considered

dealing with the camels and its milk products and meat is a method of transmission.

However, there were confusion regarding the effect of hand sensitizer to kill the virus.


The public knowledge regarding MERS-CoV is not optimal. Public education is urgently

needed to limit the spread of the disease and change the negative attitude towards the

infection


Abstract No.: 5952

Title of Research: The Detection of ESBL Isolates among Patientswith Urinary Tract

Infection

Name of

Presenter: اىب عؼذ سذ االء


Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the widely spread infections among the

population. Gram-negative bacteria account for the majority of causative agents. Recently,

resistance among causative agents has increased due to ability of bacteria to produce

Extended Spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes. Therefore, the detection of ESBL is

important for proper treatment for patients.

antimicrobial agents for treatment.


Methodology: One-hundred urine samples were collected from patients with symptoms of

UTI. They were cultured using standard methods in the Microbiology laboratory at King

Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). Positive samples with Gram-negative isolates were

screened for ESBL production using double-disc diffusion (DDD) method. Later, ESBL-

positive isolates were confirmed using VITEK 2 and E-test methods.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: Out of the 100 isolates 54 were ESBL-positive by double disc diffusion method. The

confirmation using the VITEK 2 method showed that 29/54 (54%) were ESBL positive isolates,

whereas, the E-test method confirmed 28/54 (52%) ESBL-positive isolates. The antimicrobial

sensitivity testing (AST) using VITEK 2 showed Meropenem (100%), Imipenem (98%), and

Tigecycline (90%) as the most effective agents. By contrast, Ampicillin (81%) was the least effective

antibiotic against ESBL-producers.


Conclusion: This project reports a high percentage of ESBL-producers among UTI isolates.

Results from the DDD are useful for screening but need confirmation by other methods such

as VITEK 2 and E-test ESBL. Continuous monitoring and screening for resistance

mechanisms is important for successful treatment and good patient outcome.


Abstract No.: 6076

Title of Research: The Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites from Fingernails of a Random

Population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: فجب خزبس فص رغش٠ذ


The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites from the fingernails of a

random population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to determine the relationship between age,

gender, nationality, personal hygiene, socioeconomic status and infection.


Simple random sampling technique was applied in collecting 65 fingernail clippings and

swab samples for this study. These samples were prepared by concentration method then

analysed using Lugol‟s iodine smear. A questionnaire was also developed to know whether

the participants‟ age, gender, nationality and other aspects like family income, type of

accommodation, and occupation has a relationship with the participant‟s parasitic infection, if

detected.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

70% of the participants were female, while 30% were males. The majority of the participants were

Saudi, and the rest were non-Saudi, with a percentage of 88% and 12% respectively. The participants

were also classified according to age and the results were as following: 16% of the participants were

children, 63% were young adults, 14% of the participants were adults, and the percentage of elderly

people was 7%. None of the investigated cases was infected with intestinal parasites.


The study revealed the absence of intestinal parasites in the fingernails of a random

population in Jeddah Saudi Arabia. The majority of participants had a good general hygiene,

little or no knowledge about intestinal parasites, but showed interest in educational programs,

which is what we recommend in the future.


Abstract No.: 0582

Title of Research: Comparison between three laboratory techniques used in the detection

of Giardia lamblia

Name of

Presenter: اعبػ١ زغ اثشا١ زغ


Microscopy is the gold reference method for detection of parasites. The diagnosis of G.

lamblia is the centerpiece of this study because it is highly infectious for human being that

may cause diarrhea which lead to dryness and death. This study was designed to compare

between three techniques: Direct smear, Sedimentation technique and

Immunochromatographic assay to detect G. lamblia in terms of time, price and accuracy.


Direct smear both iodine and saline, sedimentation technique and Immunochromatographic

assay commercially available to detect G. lamblia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Out of 30 unfixed stool samples that were analysed for G. lamblia, microscopic examination

both direct smear and sedimentation revealed 15 true positive samples with G. lamblia with

sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV):

75%, 66.66%, 75% and 66.66% respectively. While ICA revealed 1 true positive samples

with G. lamblia, due to the samples were unfixed.


Immunochromatographic assay can be valuable tool when using fresh or fixed specimens and

the experience of the microscopist is poor. These results indicate microscopy technique has

the potential to become the best technique to detect G. lamblia with no cross-reaction with

other parasites.


Abstract No.: 5830

Title of Research:

Incidence of nosocomial blood stream infection, pneumonia and

Urinary tract infection in pediatric Ward at King Abdulaziz University

Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 2015-2016

Name of

Presenter: اضشا أزذ فبر سذ


Nosocomial infections (NI): “defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital

admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation”. NI is Major complication in

pediatric patients at different hospital wards. NI is associated with significant morbidity and

mortality. Studies had shown that NI are associated with prolonged hospital stay and increase

economic burden on the health care system.


This is a retrospective study done at King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah Saudi

Arabia 2015-2016.This include all pediatric patients who developed fever after48 hours of

hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or30days of an operation in pediatric ward

between15February2015 to16February2016.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The number of patients who admitted was 1502patients,111patients got NI. Infants are more reliable

to have NI(62.2%).Patient who had cardiovascular disease(18.9%)is more susceptible to have NI. The

commonest type of infections were UTI(25.2%), BSI(21.6%) and pneumonia(19.8%).Gram negative

were the dominant by(44.6%).The commonest pathogen was Coagulase negative

staphylococci(25.3%).The most predisposing factors were Immunosuppressive medications(22.5%),

Central venous catheter(22.5%) and Nasogastric tube(19.8%).


Infant patients are more reliable to get Nosocomial infection. the UTI is the commonest type

of infection. Gram negative organisms are the most commonest but,the Coagulase negative

staphylococci is the common organism. Immunosuppressive medications, Central venous

catheter and Nasogastric tube are the most predisposing factors.

we need further similar studies with multicenter and larger sample size. Also control groups

that involve patients with non-nosocomial fever might help to understand the possible risk

factors for the development of NI.


Medical Specialties

(1)

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0354

Title of Research: Frequency of Genetic Variants Affecting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in

A Cohort of Saudi Volunteers

Name of

Presenter: اضشا ازذ فبر ثؾبئش


In Saudi Arabia, recently diabetes mellitus has emerged as one of the most public health

problems. It has been known as chronic disease with multiple complications, and it has

reached an epidemic stage in the country. Globally, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ranked seventh

in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, various genetic loci

susceptibility has been associated with T2DM in various ethnic populations. A lot of genes

variant have an effect on the onset of T2DM, suggested the association between T2DM and

single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs). In this study two polymorphisms have been

studied melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 and fat mass and obesity-associated

(FTO) rs9939609.


The study was carried out at Centre of Innovation Personalized Medicine (CIPM). One ml of

saliva sample was collected using DNA Genotek, Oragene saliva sample collection tubes,

from 250 healthy volunteers from age of 13 to 50 years old.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The association between FTO gene (rs9939609) and T2DM in Saudi population was clear

with a P value of 0.003, while no significant association between MC4R gene (rs17782313)

and T2DM has been found.


Follow up studies need to be performed in the future specially the majority of the samples

where from young age and did not show signs of diabetes in them now.


Abstract No.: 0416

Title of Research: Incidence of Thyroid Diseases in Diabetic Patients in Saudi Arabia by

Means of Ultrasonography

Name of

Presenter: زى سذ ػ أ


Both thyroid diseases and diabetes mellitus are common in clinical practice in Saudi Arabia.

The research was done to study the possible relation between these two diseases.


A prospective study was carried out in the academic year 2015/ 2016 to assess thyroid

abnormalities by Ultrasound in diabetic patients (type 1 and type 2 ).The study population

consisted of 69 diabetic patients (20 T1DM and 49 T2DM) and 111 non diabetic patients.

Thyroid ultrasound was done for all participants and thyroid function test (TSH) was done for

all positive cases for thyroid abnormalities.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The percentage of the participants who showed abnormal thyroid US is 66.7% of diabetic and

34.2% of non diabetic participants. MNG is the most common disorder in both types (78.6%

in DMT1 and 56.3% in DMT2). Otherwise, thyroid nodules are the least common disorder.

There is no significant difference in thyroid function test between diabetic patients and non

diabetic patients.


The present study reported high prevalence of thyroid disorder in diabetic patients. We

recommend routine US for all diabetic patients especially those with long term diabetes,

uncontrolled diabetes or complaining of symptoms of thyroid dysfunction.


Abstract No.: 4704

Title of Research: HbA1c as a predictor for length of hospital stay in patients following

coronary bypass surgery

Name of

Presenter: امبه عؼذ غضا خد


The diabetic population have high prevalence of Coronary artery disease, and frequently

patients with diebetes undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Elevated

HbA1c in diabetics is shown to be associated with morbidity and mortality, but the

association of HbA1c with postoperative length of hospital stay after surgery (LOS)

following CABG is not clear. In this study we aim to identify if elevated HbA1c levels is

associated with prolonged LOS post CABG surgery.


A retrospective chart review study was performed, using a total of 305 patients referred for

CABG surgery. HbA1c levels were measured before the operation day. Patient were

classified according to HbA1c levels to 2 groups. <7%, ≥7%. A LOS of more than 10 days

was proposed as an extended LOS. HbA1c and LOS relationship were assessed by

appropriate statistical methods.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Patients who had diabetes mellitus compromised 81.6% of our studied population. Sixty four

percent have HbA1c levels ≥ 7%. There was no significant difference in total LOS in HbA1c

<7% compared to HbA1c ≥7%, (P = 0.876).


Our study finding rejected the proposed hypothesis that elevated HbA1c levels ≥ 7% would

be associated with prolonged hospital stay following CABG surgery. No significant

relationship was found between LOS post CABG surgery and HbA1c levels. As a result, in

regard to LOS, HbA1c levels should not defer in CABG surgery decision making


Abstract No.: 5417

Title of Research: Cardiometabolic Risk Prediction Among Healthy, Saudi Population

With Different Bmi Subjects

Name of

Presenter: رشمب ػش أزذ أ


Several risk prediction models to identify individuals at high risk for developing CVD have

been developed.

We want to assess risk score in young Saudis with different BMI categories using

Framingham-based equations (FRS) and American College of Cardiology and the American

Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Pooled Cohort risk equations risk scores, to determine if

classification differs in our population according to used model.


Apparently 223 healthy volunteers of both genders; aged 18 to 30; were recruited from king

Abdul Aziz University students, ensuring almost equal representation of the four BMI

categories in a cross sectional study. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected through a

self-administered predesigned questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and blood

pressure were taken. Fasting blood samples were obtained for Laboratory determination of

fasting blood glucose, lipid profile.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The mean scores showed progressive increase with increasing BMI in all cases, with

significant differences between BMI categories being found for FRS-10yrs (P=0.017), and

both FRS30yrs and ACA\AHA lifespan (P=0.021 and <0.001 respectively). Using either FRS

or ACA\AHA for 10yrs, all participants were at low risk. The FRS-30years risk profile

showed no significant difference between BMI categories, but the ACA\AHA lifespan risk

profile showed a significant difference (P= 0.011).


Our study demonstrated the existence of intermediate and high risk of CVD amongst young

Saudis when either model was used. A cohort study is needed to decide which risk model is

more applicable for Saudis.. Implementation of intervention programs to increase the

awareness about CVD risk factors from an early age is recommended.


Abstract No.: 5570

Title of Research: Hba1c As A Predictor Of Dyslipidemia In Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Name of

Presenter: ػ اعبػ١ ٠عف اذاء


Type 2 diabetic patients with uncontrolled hyperglycemia are characterized by dyslipidemia.

Diabetic dyslipidemia can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications in those patients.


This study aimed to evaluate the association between the glycemic control (HbA1c as

biomarker) and serum lipids profile in Type 2 diabetic patients. A blood samples were taken

from 30 type 2 diabetic subjects (13 male and 17 female) aged between 40-80 years after at

least 12 hours fasting to examine their serum lipid parameters including: cholesterol,

triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) as

well as their HbA1C and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results showed a significant correlation between HbA1C and FBG and between HbA1C

and most of the serum lipid parameters except for the HDL-C values. Diabetic subjects were

categorized according to their glycemic index into 2 categories (HbA1c values ≤ 7.0 %) and

(HbA1c values > 7.0%). Patients with HbA1c values > 7.0% had significantly higher values

of cholesterol and LDL-C as compared to the patients with HbA1c values ≤ 7.0%. However

triglycerides and HDL-C showed no significant differences.


Therefore, controlling HbA1C levels in type 2 diabetic patients could be with a great benefit

in avoiding diabetic dyslipidemia and their cardiovascular complications.


Abstract No.: 5975

Title of Research: Cardio Metabolic Risk Indicators Association With FGF 19 In Healthy

Individuals Of Different BMI Grades

Name of

Presenter: زدبس سذ زغ١ ٠


Obesity is currently a general public health problem worldwide and many health threatening

Risks associated with it. Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is an ileum-derived enterokine

which was described initially for its role in the negative feedback loop regulating bile salt

synthesis by the liver. Recently, FGF19 has emerged as an important regulator of the

postprandial adaptive metabolic response. Indeed, after a meal, FGF19 stimulates glycogen

and protein synthesis in the liver as well as down regulates glucose production. The

contributions of FGF19 to obesity and metabolic dysfunctions remain to be elucidatedand

there is limited research investigating the association between FG-19 and metabolic

dysregulation in different BMIs in Saudi subjects.


120 volunteers were characterized by anthropometric and laboratory parameters. Venous

blood was drawn in the fasted state (12 h). Serum concentrations of FGF19 was measured

manually using ELISA kit, highly sensitive CRP and lipid profile were estimated using

Architect 8000c.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

No significant differences in means of Glucose, LDL, Total Cholesterol, or FGF19 were noted

between different BMI groups (p = 0.076, 0.053, 0.193 and 0.905 respectively). A negative significant

correlation was found between FGF19 and waist circumference, neck circumference, and LDL-C:

HDL-C (r= -0.203, P= 0.027), (r= -0.297, p= 0.002), (r= -0.187, p= 0.041) respectively.


our study indicates that lipid profile, hs-CRP are increased with increasing obesity. However,

serum FGF19 level does not appear to be related to general obesity. Further studies are

required to be done to understand the association of FGF19 with the cardio metabolic risks

indicators in healthy obese individuals.


Abstract No.: 1322

Title of Research: The Association between Type Two Diabetes and Hypothyroidism:

Name of

Presenter: لبص ػجذاشز سذ ػجذاشز


The Association between Type Two Diabetes and Hypothyroidism:

A Case-Control Study

Type 2 DM is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia and few studies addressed its association with

hypothyroidism. This study aims to explore the possible association and the risk factors of

developing hypothyroidism in type 2 diabetic patients.


The records of Hospital were searched to locate the files of 120 hypothyroid patients (cases).

A similar number of patients registered in the orthopedic clinic were obtained so that they

matched the cases in gender and age (controls). For both cases and controls the following

data were extracted: demographics, diabetic status and relevant available lab data. After

excluding all patients with known cause for hypothyroidism and those with type 1 diabetes,

logistic regression was used to examine the association in question while adjusting for

confounders.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The odds ratio (OR) of DM among cases as compared to controls was 6.29 (95% confidence

interval- CI: 3.382-11.699) after adjusting for age and gender. The level of HbA1c was

significantly higher in cases (7.9 +/- 2.6 versus 6.4 +/- 1.6 in controls).Among diabetics, the

presence of complications were significantly higher (P<0.001) in the cases than in controls.


Hypothyroidism commonly affect diabetic females, and with the presence of hypothyroidism

along with Type 2 DM the risk of complications may increase.


Abstract No.: 4674

Title of Research: The Specificity Of Tc99 Sestamibi Scan For Parathyroid Adenoma

Localization In Low Vitamin D Population

Name of

Presenter: امث ع١ب اعىذس اجشاء


In patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism a false positive Tc99 Sestamibi (Tc99 MIBI)

scan for Parathyroid Adenoma localization can be seen in patients with low Vitamin D. We

assess the specificity of Tc99m MIBI scan in low Vitamin D population by utilizing the

level of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) as an indicator to predict the true positive MIBI scan in

relation to the surgical outcome.


Retrospective analysis of 115 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism whom were referred

to Nuclear Medicine Department for Parathyroid Tc99 MIBI scan are available for statistical

analysis.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

65 patients under went Parathyroidectomy, where 50/65 patients (77%) have a low

Vitamin D level and the MIBI scan specificity was 80%. We combined the results of the

MIBI scan to multiple level of high parathyroid hormone level in order to reach to the best

cutoff value of PTH that can predicts the true positive MIBI scan in relation to surgery . The

MIBI scan specificity has improved significantly to 94% with a PTH value of 16 Pmol/L

(double the normal value).


In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and low vitamin D level, the specificity of the

Tc99 MIBI scan will improve significantly in conjunction with high parathyroid hormone

level to double its normal value. A prospective study with a larger study population is

recommended.


Abstract No.: 5219

Title of Research: The Effect of Articaine and Lidocaine Local Anesthetics on Blood

Pressure and Heart Rate

Name of

Presenter: اغبذ ازذ فبر ازذ


Introduction: Articaine (Septocaine) is a relatively newly developed amide based local

anesthetic drug. It is given in a 4% solution, whereas Lidocaine (Xylocaine) is given in

concentration of 2%. Few studies examined the effect of those two local anesthetics on blood

pressure and heart rate. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of

two different type of local anesthetics (Articaine and Lidocaine) on blood pressure and heart

rate in ASA I patients (A normal healthy patient).


Methods: Adult patients receiving treatment at King Abdulaziz University Faculty of

Dentistry (KAUFD) were recruited. The study design was double-blinded and patients

received either Articaine with epinephrine 4% (1:100,000) or Lidocaine with epinephrine 2%

(1:100,000) using infiltration technique. Vital signs including blood pressure and heart rate

were measured at baseline, immediately, and 5 minutes after infiltration.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: The total sample size was 90 in which 59% were female and majority (52.2%) were

between 19 and 30 years, 37.8% were between 31 and 40 years, and 10% between 46-60

years. There was no significant baseline difference between the two local anesthesia groups

in systolic blood pressure and pulse rate, but not diastolic blood pressure. However,

differences in systolic (6 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (7 mmHg) was significantly

lower in Lidocaine group compared to Articaine group 5 minutes after injection.


Our study results suggest that there might be differences between Articaine and Lidocaine in

the effect on blood pressure among ASA I patients. Further studies are needed especially to

compare ASA I with medically compromised patients.


Abstract No.: 5648

Title of Research: The Prevalence of Premature CAD in Patient Admitted to the

Catheterization lab at KAUH

Name of

Presenter: سما سذ فبر اعؼذ


Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is considered to be the leading cause of morbidity and

mortality in KSA. the aim of this study is to understand the significant risk factors

contributing to premature CAD in KSA, by assessing prevalence of risk factors in younger

patients compared to older patient with CVD.


A retrospective chart review was conducted at KAUH. Since 1st January to 31st December

Clinical records of 164 patients were collected from catheterization lab. Lipid profile and

glycemic profile were collected in this study together with anthropometric measurements.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Total number of patients whom they meet the criteria were 164. The mean of the younger

group was 57.8 years old with 10.5 being the standard deviation. The LDL and total

cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly higher in the younger female group & higher in

older male group then younger male group . while the DM was higher in old male group than

younger.


Study showed that most significant risk factor in premature patients less than 65 year old in

female and less than 55 year old in male was hypercholesterolemia with DM . The early onset

of CVD could be due genetic dyslipidemia enrichment in cases like Familial

Hypercholesterolemia and DM . Thus, screening for Familial Hypercholesterolemia and DM

in CVD patient younger than 55 year is required .


Musculoskeletal

System

and Imaging

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0361

Title of Research: Quality of Life among Osteoarthritis Patients in Makkah: A cross-

sectional study

Name of

Presenter: لاؿ قطف ػجذاغ اؽاق


Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic joint disease. In the absence of an effective

medical treatment and due to the chronic nature of this condition, an osteoarthritis medical

diagnosis may result in affecting the health-related quality of life. Therefore, the aims of this

study is to assess the health-related quality of life among osteoarthritis patients and to identify

the factors that affecting their quality of life.


Subjects (n =64) will be approached as participants of hospital-based cross-sectional.

Diagnosis of osteoarthritis will be obtained from rheumatologist's consultant. The dimensions

of health-related quality of life were evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Study: 36-Item

Short Form Survey. Confidence intervals (95% CI) will be computed to estimate the

associations between being an osteoarthritis case and health-related quality of life.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Sixty four Saudi elders (53, 82.81% female) participated in this study. Their age ranged from

23 to 76 years (mean and SD is 56.02 ± 10.99years). Role limitations due to physical health

domain shows the lowest mean (25.78), and it is the most affected domain by the disease,

followed by the energy and fatigue (42.5) ,pain domain (46.48), general health(47.34),

physical functioning domain (48.52), Role Limitations due to emotional problems (56.25),

Emotional well-being (61.00) , and Social functioning (63.28).


Knee OA has negative impact on Saudi elders' QOL. The Possible predictors of Physical

Domain among the Osteoarthritis Patients shows that the age is statistically significant as

well as the family history and the disease severity (p<0.05).further research should be done to

enhance the Qol of this types of chronic disease.


Abstract No.: 0534

Title of Research: Effect of Shoulder Bag Strap Length on the Plantar Foot Pressure

Distribution among Young Female College Students

Name of

Presenter: س سذ سذ ؽف١غ سذ اعبء


The shoulder bag problem is that the weight is loaded on one side causing postural

alternations.


21 young college female students with age ranging from 19-27 years with no skeletal

problems and normal BMI = (18.5-24.9) were included in the study. Tekscan Mobile Mat

was used to measure the static plantar foot pressure distribution. The subjects plantar pressure

was acquired during 3 brief trials of quiet, upright stance without the bag, with the long strap

shoulder bag and with the short strap bag.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

There is a significant difference in right and left plantar foot pressure between no bag versus

the long strap and long strap versus the short strap but there is no significant difference

between no bag and short strap. The effect on the plantar foot pressure is more when using

long strap bag and when we shift to short length strap the reduction of pressure is significant.


The findings showed that long strap had more pressure on the foot. Therefore, it may be

necessary. for college students to change the length of the shoulder bag from long to short.


Abstract No.: 0543

Title of Research: Impact of Reflexology on Mechanical Neck Pain in Middle Aged

Female Office Workers

Name of

Presenter: اؾش٠ف زبذ ص٠ذ س٠


Background: Reflexology is a popular non–invasive alternative therapy. It's a safe method

and doesn't require special equipment. It has been proved that reflexology has an effect on

many health conditions and musculoskeletal pain. However, no researches have cleared the

effect of reflexology on mechanical neck pain, which is one of the most common complains

with office workers.

Objective: This study was an attempt to measure the effects of reflexology technique on

chronic mechanical neck pain, range of motion and neck muscle strength in middle aged

office worker females.


32 female subjects with age ranged from 30 to 50 years suffering from mechanical neck pain

for more than 3 months were randomly divided into two groups, one group received 20

minutes reflexology sessions twice a week for 4 weeks (experimental), and the other

underwent self-stretches in-between their work time (control). Assessment for pain, range of

motion, muscle strength and disability index was done before and after the treatment for both

groups.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

There was a significant improvement in the ROM and muscle strength and a reduction in pain

and disability index in the study group. However, no significant changes in the investigated

parameters were noted in the control group.


We can conclude that reflexology is an effective, safe and non-invasive complementary

treatment for chronic mechanical neck pain.


Abstract No.: 0544

Title of Research: Acute Effect of Cryotherapy on Knee Proprioception and Isometric

Strength of Quadriceps

Name of

Presenter: اؼز١ج دغ١١ت هللا م١ف س


To investigate the acute effect of cryotherapy on knee proprioception and isometric strength

of quadriceps muscle


Fifty-four normal healthy females were divided into two groups A, which was a control

group and B, which was a study group (27subjects in each group). The active accuracy of the

knee proprioception and isometric strength of quadriceps were tested by Biodex multi-joint

system, pro Isokinetic dynamometer pre and post 20 min of resting period for group A while

cryotherapy application designed for group B instead of resting period

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

After 20 min of cryotherapy application, study group showed significant improvements in the

proprioceptive accuracy of the knee joint and no significant difference in isometric strength

of quadriceps. For the control group, there were non-significant differences for the

proprioceptive accuracy of the knee joint and isometric strength of quadriceps. Additionally,

there were non-significant differences between two groups either in the proprioceptive

accuracy of the knee joint or isometric strength of quadriceps


cryotherapy doesn‟t impair the proprioceptive accuracy of the knee joint and isometric

strength of quadriceps muscle so; cryotherapy can be used safely before and after sports

activities.


Abstract No.: 0692

Title of Research: Effect of Spinal Decompression Therapy (SDT) and Core Stabilisation

Exercise (CSE) in management of Lumbar Disc Prolapse (LDP)

Name of

Presenter: ١ر ث فبر ػجذهللا اخالي


An improved form of traction therapy has recently been used, represented as spinal

decompression therapy (SDT) as conservative treatment for lumbar disc prolapse (LDP)

which is a common condition that can result in chronic low back pain and other associated

problems affecting the activities of daily living. The current study assesses how SDT and

CSE combined with physiotherapy modalities influence pain and disability in subjects with

chronic LDP.


Forty-three participants with chronic LDP aged between 25-60 years with mean age

37.67±9.42, were recruited for the study. Subjects were divided into CSE alone group

(groupA) and SDT with CSE group (groupB), and both groups additionally received

cryotherapy and interferential therapy. The intervention was given for 20 sessions which

lasted for 6 weeks. Pain and disability was assessed with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and

Modified Oswestry Questionnaire (mOQ), A pre-post design was used to assess the outcome.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The subjects demographic profile in both groups were comparable. The mean differences

between pre to post intervention in groupB were (NRS:5.2,p≤0.001) and

(mOQ:49.57,p≤0.001), while in groupA were (NRS:2.40,p≤0.001) and

(mOQ:26.10,p≤0.001). The mean differences for post-intervention values between groups

were (NRS:2.82,p≤0.001) and (mOQ:23.47,p≤0.001).


A combination of SDT with CSE is proven to be more significant when compared with CSE

alone, however CSE alone has given significant effects to reduce pain and disability in

chronic LDP patients. Further studies are needed to identify the best modality combined with

SDT to improve its therapeutic effects.


Abstract No.: 0766

Title of Research:

Relationship between Core Muscle Endurance and Plantar Foot

Pressure Distribution among the Healthy Young Female Adults-

A Correlation Study

Name of

Presenter: بص ػجذاؼض٠ض ف١ق اع١


Core muscles has a positive effect on decreasing injuries and increasing performance in the

lower limbs. Plantar pressure distribution is used in analysis and treatment of many problems

of the lower limbs.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the core muscle endurance and the plantar

foot pressure distribution among young healthy female adults.


28 normal females with age ranging from 20-25 years with normal BMI and without any

musculoskeletal problems were selected and they have undergone core muscle endurance

testing and plantar foot pressure distribution analysis.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results showed that there is no or weak correlation exists between the core muscle

endurance and plantar foot pressure distribution. There is a negative correlation between right

plantar pressure distribution and 60 degree flexion endurance test and between right posterior

plantar distribution and the two of following test; Biering-Sorensen Extensor test and right

side plank endurance test. It also showed weak positive correlation between right anterior

planter pressure distribution and the two following tests; right side plank endurance test and

Biering-Sorensen Extensor test, and between left planter pressure distribution and 60 degree

flexion endurance test.


There is weak or no relationship between the core muscle endurance and plantar foot pressure

distribution in healthy young female adults.


Abstract No.: 1043

Title of Research: Effect of Muscle Energy Technique in Treatment of Postpartum

Coccydynia

Name of

Presenter: غش سذ عب الء


Background : Coccydynia is a pain in the coccyx region. It is mainly affected females,

approximately 14% suffusion of coccydynia after delivery trauma. Muscle Energy Technique

(MET) is mainly used to treat a musculoskeletal disorder. The effect of MET in

gynaecological disorder not clear . Objective : This study was an attempt to determine the

effect of MET in the treatment of post-partum coccyx pain.


Methods: Twenty multi-parus females suffering from coccydynia after 6 weeks post-partum

participated in this study. Their ages ranged from (25-35) years and their body mass index not

exceed 35 Kg/m2. They divided into two equal group. The study group (A) received MET

and phonophoresis (PP) and home program for four weeks, 3 sessions per week. While the

control group (B) received PP only.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: There was an improvement in pain level and functional ability after treatment in each

group and there was a significant difference between the groups in the pain level.


Conclusion: We found MET combined with PP are excellent in alleviation pain and

improvement function ability in treating post-partum coccydynia.


Abstract No.: 0294

Title of Research: Mortality Rates in Patients with Hip Fractures at King Abdulaziz

University Hospital

Name of

Presenter: اثس سذ لبع ثذس


Hip fractures are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They account for

63–72% of hospital admissions of fractures in patients aged over 50 years, patients with hip

fracture have an increased risk of mortality during the first three months after the fracture.

The aim of this research is to determine the mortality rate of hip fractures at King Abdulaziz

University Hospital (KAUH).


This retrospective chart review non-interventional study was conducted in patients with hip

fractures who were followed up at KAUH, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between 2010 and 2015. A

t-test was used to compare group means between both genders.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The mortality rate due to hip fracture was 8.6%. Mortality was highest among females,

diabetic, and hypertensive patients. Other factors associated with increased mortality included

coronary artery disease and pulmonary embolism.


Mortality due to hip fracture was higher in females. In addition, the rate was increased in

diabetic and hypertensive patients compared with non-diabetic and non-hypertensive persons.

Cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary

embolism play a major role in increasing the mortality rate after a hip fracture.


Abstract No.: 4527

Title of Research: Role of MRI in wrist disorders

Name of

Presenter: وغبس ع١ب سذ ع١ب


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is defined as one of the most important modalities that

used for diagnosing lesions of small and complex structures in the body (1). we aimed to

investigate the most common wrist pathologies that is detected by MRI in King Abdul-Aziz

university hospital in Jeddah.


A retrospective study was done with total sample size of 127 individuals who did a wrist MRI

at KAUH in Jeddah, between 2010-2016. The data entry was performed by Microsoft Excel

2014, and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS V21.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results showed that the most common wrist pathology was Ganglion cyst, counting (17.8%)

findings from the total 157 findings we observed. Other common findings were

Tenosynovitis (10.2%), TFCC tear (10.2%), TFCC degeneration (5.7%) and Subchondral

X-ray, we found that most individuals (65.4%) didn‟t undergo X-ray prior to MRI.


It has been found that there is variance between all findings that discovered by MRI, and

there are differences between our study and the others, and that because the different kinds of

cases that seen in the hospital. We also found that Most of the individuals didn‟t do X-ray

before MRI, so we recommend that the proper history and examination should be the

essential tool to reach different hand & wrist diagnosis. That will help in lowering the cost in

our hospital.


Abstract No.: 4915

Title of Research:

prevalence of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex abnormalities in

Asymptomatic Young Population using MR Imaging in tertiary center

in Saudi Arabia.

Name of

Presenter: اسشث ػ ػجذاىش٠ ػجذهللا


Magnetic resonance imaging consider a corner stone in diagnosing a lot of wrist

abnormalities. This study aims to evaluate the pathology of triangular fibrocartilage complex

(TFCC) using 3.0T high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to determine its

efficacy in this setting in young asymptomatic population.


Cross sectional study of a 30 volunteers with no previous wrist injury or symptoms

underwent MRI of the dominant wrist studies in this exploratory diagnostic study. Images

were evaluated by a single musculoskeletal radiologist, and a hand surgeon for any details

regarding TFCC morphology and the presence of any characteristics features, and location of

any TFCC abnormality (tear or degeneration).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Positive result that revealed partial (incomplete) tear for 5 participants with a percentage

16.7%, with no result indicating complete tear or degeneration, negative results indicate

intact ligament which is 25 participants with a percentage of 83.3%, positive result ware all

females (23.8%) out of the 21 participant and the remaining (76.2%) negative with all of the

(100.0%) males who revealed negative result as well


The prevalence of incidental TFCC findings in MRI scans of asymptomatic subjects is below

the significance level, MRI showed a limited value in diagnosing TFCC injuries in

asymptomatic young population which correlates with the literatures as MRI is not the best

modality in diagnosing TFCC. MRI findings need to be correlated closely with physical

examination and history.


Clinical Nutrition &

Obesity

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0111

Title of Research: Obesity correlates with Neutrophilia in King Abdulaziz University

hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: ؽ١ ث زغ١ سذ فف١


Obesity is a common global health problem imposing risk for many serious diseases. Lately,

obesity has been described as a state of low-grade inflammation with leukocytes playing a

major role. Some degree of leukocytosis was noticed in obese patients with no obesity-

associated comorbidities. This study aimed at defining the association between obesity and

leukocytosis.


In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we reviewed files of 281 patients. Body Mass

Index (BMI) was calculated and differential leukocyte was recorded. Full medical history

was reviewed to exclude any individuals with obesity related conditions such as

hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia or malignancies. Data analysis was performed through

SPSS. Chi –squared, one-way Anova tests were used to assess the relationship between

variables.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Among the 281 participants included in the study the BMI was used as a determinant of

obesity with a cut-off point of 30 (127 were non-obese, and 154 were obese). There was a

statistically significant difference in the WBC count among the two groups (p-value < 0.001).

In addition, 88.9 % of those with leukocytosis were obese, while 11.1% non-obese. There is a

positive correlation between the WBC count and the BMI (r=0.391, p-value <0.001).

Neutrophilia is the rationale behind leukocytosis with the mean of 8.3 X 109 ± 3.


The positive correlation between obesity and leukocytosis proves the relationship but does

not establish causation. Although most obese patients in this study had a WBC count within

the normal range, their counts were higher than the non-obese group due to prominent

neutrophilia. Therefore, work-up of patients to rule out the common causes and subsequently

treating the cause; is essential.

Neutrophilia is a risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular complications that needs

detection and treatment to minimize this risk. The association found in our study will have an

impact on obese patients during the pre-operative work.


Abstract No.: 0350

Title of Research: Case-Control study: Body-Mass-Index and the Risk of Multiple

Sclerosis in Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: زغبء عؼ١ذ ػجذهللا ثؾبئش


MS is autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Although the etiology of MS

remains unclear, it seems to involve a combination of environmental ( i.e., low level of

vitamin D, smoking, Epstein-Barr virus "EBV"). The present study is investigating the

relationship between BMI and MS in a case-control study in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this

study is to evaluate whether the BMI is independently associated with MS risk. To our

knowledge, this first case-control study demonstrates the association between MS and BMI in

Saudi Arabia.


case-control design, 90 subjects matched in age and gender. Subjects were interviewed using

a valid questioner, conducting anthropometric and other demographic information.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

No assossiation between the risk of developing MS with the different BMI categories.


We suggest further research to be conducted on the prevalence of MS and potential

associated risk factors in Saudi Arabia. It might be useful to assess the BMI at the age of

twenty years to investigate whether a potential effect of BMI is present


Abstract No.: 0391

Title of Research: The Impact of Saudi Lifestyle on Insulin Resistant in Overweight

Adult Females

Name of

Presenter: سصق ػجذهللا وبي س


Insulin Resistance (IR) is one of the most leading causes for development of chronic diseases

such as type 2 diabetes mellitus which being a seriously concerning health issue in KSA. The

aim of this study is to investigate whether the Saudi dietary habits and physical activity

increases the risk of IR development


Information was collected from 43 female overweight aged from 20-30 years old recruited

from King Abdul-Aziz University in Jeddah City from 2015-2016. A questionnaire was used

to collect the demographics, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, and food

frequency. Blood biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting glucose and fasting insulin).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results showed that significant difference in BMI between the two different categories of

HOMA2-IR (p=0.04). IR group has a higher intake of ice cream, sesame butter, pizza,

banana pie, fried spring rolls, cream caramel, and custard (p=0.05) compared to the normal

group. No significant differences in waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC),

waist to hip ratio (WHR) , body fat % and lipid profile.


The data of this study showed significant differences between two groups in terms of their

dietary habits and BMI. These factors could contribute to the IR risk. Further prospective

studies with larger sample size are needed to focus on the Saudi lifestyle, and thus a cut-off

point of HOMA2-IR can be established for the Saudi population. In the future, such

knowledge and awareness could reduce the prevalence of IR.


Abstract No.: 0397

Title of Research: Jeddah Adolescent Prevention - Intervention (JAPI) for overweight

and obesity status

Name of

Presenter: اسبئ أث ػجذاد١ذ أزذ د١


The study aims to pilot a preventive-intervention program to control overweight status among

one intermediate school for girls in Jeddah.


Randomized controlled trial based on screening program for overweight status using BMI as

an indicator. WHO and Saudi growth charts was used for interpretation. The intervention

program includes diet, exercise and behavioral changes.

Prevention program for physical environment include curriculum, physical activity and

canteen.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results showed that 35.3% of students were overweight/obese. Significant changes (P

value=.001) on students' nutrition knowledge about health, nutrition and physical activity.

Significant changes in randomized blood glucose ( P value= 0.048), hand grip measurement

(P value= 0.027) and BMI (P value= 0.009) according to Saudi Growth Chart. Significant

changes in the perceptions such as‟ being healthy‟ (p value=0.031), „performance of physical

activity‟ (p value=0.003) in intervention group with no changes among the control

group.However, significant changes in response to the performance of physical activity (p

value=0.005) was found among the two groups.


The study introduced a pilot prevention/intervention program to control overweight status

with some significant results, which could be applied at national level


Abstract No.: 0562

Title of Research: Prevalence of Obesity among Female Students in King Abdulaziz

University

Name of

Presenter: اش ؼزق أزذ سا


In the recent couple of decades, the food choices among young adults have changed from

traditional to fast food. These tendencies resulted in obesity among an important section of

future generation of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The aim of the study was to identify the

prevalence of obesity among female students of KAU.


A sample of 203 female students was randomly selected from medical and non-medical

faculties of KAU in Jeddah. Methods: A cross sectional study design involved 203female

students. Assessment included six main categories, first demographic data, socioeconomic

level, regular physical activity, type of food, associated metabolic disorders or family history

and the last category was anthropometric measurements (weight and height),BMI and waist-

hip ratio were measured.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The percentage of obesity and overweight were 8.5%, 20.7% respectively and 51.3% normal

while 19.3% were underweight. Also, the results showed significant difference in the regular

type of food intake between medical and non-medical students (p=0.001). In addition, the

correlation between mother education level, family size and abdominal obesity were

significant(p=0.05),(p=0.000) respectively.


The prevalence of obesity and over-weight was relatively high among female students in

KAUwith minor differences between medical and non-medical students.


Abstract No.: 1211

Title of Research:

In Vitro Study on The Action of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles to

Inhibit Differentiation of Pre-adipocytes In Human Stem Cell Lines at

Therapeutic Approach

Name of

Presenter: فخ١ش ػجذاس١ذ سذ ١ب


Obesity is a global health issue that has invaded both developed and developing countries and

has increased massively during the past few years. Obesity is defined as abnormal or

extensive fat accumulation that negatively affects health. Recent studies have demonstrated

that there are multiple physiological defects and obesity-associated genes that can cause

obesity. Since the last decade, there is a massive increase of using the state-of-art of

nanobiotechnology in several biomedical and therapeutic applications. Cerium oxide

nanoparticles (CONPs) have many attractive features that inspired researchers to employee

them as therapeutic agents for treatment of several diseases including obesity.


The effect of CONPs to suppress the differentiation of adipocytes was investigated. This was

conducted by exposing human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which was induced to

preadipocytes, to CONPs. Furthermore, a medical survey was conducted to investigate the

key factors that cause obesity (i.e. eating behaviours, genetic association with obesity, family

history of obesity, pattern of weight gain etc.).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results showed that CONPs are promising alternative for the treatment of obesity

however, further experiments should be conducted to assess their applicability as obesity

therapeutic agent. Survey results demonstrated that there were significant differences

between the presence of the factors in genetic and non-genetic obese individuals. However,

no significance differences were reported between the factors and genetic obesity.


These findings represent an encouraging first step in term of NC inhibitory effect on human

MSCs differentiation and treating obesity.


Abstract No.: 1364

Title of Research: Frequency of Genetic Variant Affecting Obesity in a Cohort of Saudi

Volunteers

Name of

Presenter: ثبفر هللا ػجذ ػبدي فبهخ


Obesity has become an epidemic problem worldwide. In Saudi Arabia there is little research

done on the effect of genetic factors on obesity. Because of the high prevalence of obesity in

Saudi Arabia, the aim of the current study was to investigate the correlation between obesity

and genetic factors. More specifically, study the association of common variant fat mass and

Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene. The first intron of the gene is the most variants

that has been identified and has association with obesity, in the first intron the most replicated

SNP is rs9939609.


This was done by collecting 260 saliva samples from healthy volunteers and extracts the

purified genomic DNA. Genotyping was done using TaqMan SNP genotyping assay to detect

and amplify each individual SNP alleles.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The number of samples analyzed for FTO rs9939609 polymorphism was 177 out of 260. The

extended frequency of A allele is 154/344 alleles (44.76%) while T allele is 200/344

(58.14%). More specifically, T/T homozygous found in (31%) of the subject‟s samples, while

T/A heterozygous found in (51%) and A/A homozygous were found in (18%) of the total

subject‟s samples.


There are two types of carriers reported, homozygous carriers for the A “risk” allele which

approximately weight 3 kg more and the increasing risk of developing obesity is 1.67 fold,

while the heterozygous carriers increased 1.5 kg whish consider as intermediate weight gain.


Abstract No.: 5202

Title of Research: The assessment of inflammatory potential of obese diet in King

Abdulaziz University Hospital by using dietary inflammatory index

Name of

Presenter: اجذس فبر ف١ق اشربب


Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation caused by progressive infiltration

in adipose tissue macrophage (increase M1 pro-inflammatory and decrease M2 anti-

inflammatory).


ex vivo study on 22 adipose tissues collected from patients admitted to bariatric surgery in

KAUH were assessed for DII and blood test to measure their inflammatory status. In

addition, a questionnaire was used to observe their social habits and medical history. Samples

for ex vivo resveratrol treatment were collected and stored.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

all volunteers had pro- inflammatory score of DII and high CRP. There was no association

between types and amount of polyphenols intake and level of CRP, except flavonols was

strongly associated negatively with CRP (p<0.05, R2= 0.425)


DII can be used in the future as a new tool in the routine assessment of the inflammatory

potential for obese population‟s diet in Saudi Arabia. In the next step of this research, we

will study the therapeutic application of resveratrol to treat obesity from inflammatory aspect.


Abstract No.: 5280

Title of Research: Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour among Saudi Overweight and

Obese Children

Name of

Presenter: عط١ر سذ زغ س٠ب


Being overweight and obesity is serious public health problems worldwide, predisposing

affected people to develop non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension, insulin

resistance, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Sedentary behavior associated with

increased caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure are mainly responsible for

increased prevalence of childhood obesity. Saudi Arabia has witnessed drastic lifestyle

changes over the past few decades. Prevalence of childhood obesity has been increasing in

Saudi Arabia with one in every six children aged 6–18 years is obese. The aim of this study

was to investigate the relationship between adiposity measures and physical activity level

among Saudi children.


112 Saudi children between 5 and 12 years of age were randomly selected from the paediatric

clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia to participate in a

cross-sectional study design.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Total physical activity level (METs-min/week) of 112 Saudi children has a significant

negative correlations with BMI (r = −0.379, p < 0. 00001).


Raising awareness about the importance of physical activity as well as the danger of

sedentary lifestyle among children should be reinforced to avoid obesity-related morbidity in

the adulthood.


Abstract No.: 2374

Title of Research: Obesity in Saudi college students: the prevalence and associated blood

lipid profile

Name of

Presenter: اغب عؼ١ذ سذ اث ػبرك ف١ق


One of the six top health risk behaviors in college students is unhealthy diets. This is the

result of their good dietary habits changing into worse when they leave their homes and begin

their independent lives. In other words, increase in weight often goes hand in hand with

shifting from high school to college, which is often the first chance to make decisions for

young adults about their food and exercise

The aim of the current study is to estimate the prevalence of obesity among college students

and associated lipid profile.


The present study randomly recruited 116 students from different faculties. The age of

participants ranged from 18 to 26 years. Lipid profile of all students was examined and blood

glucose was determined. Each student filled a close-ended questionnaire about his personal

food and lifestyle habits, in addition to family medical histories. Height and weight were

measured to determine body mass index (BMI). Chi-Square test was used to determine the

relation between categorical variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically

significant.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 58%. Significant mean differences are

observed for LDL and HDL scores (P-value=0.0180 and P-value=0.0060 respectively) while

other Lipid Profile characteristics (Cholesterol, Triglyceride and Glucose) were found to be

insignificant in relation to BMI


there is alarming increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the students

that necessitate further studies to determine the causes of hypercholesterolemia and the risk

of developing heart diseases.


Biochemistry &

Anatomy

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0427

Title of Research: The morphometric parameters of the liver as positive predictors in

clinical practice

Name of

Presenter: هللا زج١ت أزذ سذ ع


The liver carries multiple vital functions and has high regenerative abilities, but still early

simple diagnostic measures are not at hand. It is a well known that diameter of portal vein is

usually increased in cirrhosis of liver associated with portal hypertension. There was a

definite correlation between diameter of portal vein and presence of gastroesophageal varices

in evaluating patients with portal hypertension. But as esophageal varices is a late

complication of liver diseases and in trial to avoid invasive techniques to obtain liver biopsy,

patients undergo imaging examinations before the definitive diagnosis of cirrhosis has been

established


Thirty livers from cadavers in the dissecting room of Faculty of medicine KAU were used.

For the morphometric study, diameters of the right lobe, left lobe, caudate lobe and portal

vein were measured using a vernier caliper. Also livers were weighed using an ordinary

weighing scale. Three specimens were randomly chosen from livers and processed into

paraffin blocks for histological examination. A correlation statistical analysis was applied to

data obtained

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results revealed a positive linear correlation between diameter of the right and left lobes of

the liver and between diameter of the portal vein and the left lobe of the liver. There was no

correlation between weights of the liver and any of the diameters measured. Histological

examination reinforced the above results as sections stained with routine heamatoxylin and

eosin revealed macroscopic fatty infilteration along the border of the classical hepatic lobule,

pericentral hepatocyte necrosis and dilated congested sinusoids. Masson trichrome stain

showed the characteristic blue colored deposition of collagen type I between cords of

hepatocytes, in the portal tract area and around the central vein


The present results suggest that morphometric parameters of the liver could act as a predictor

for liver fibrosis


Abstract No.: 0818

Title of Research: Hepcidin and ferroportin levels in metabolic syndrome : a case control

study

Name of

Presenter: ثبدزذذ ػجذهللا ػش عبسح


Recently, hepcidin was discovered. It has an iron regulatory role by binding and deactivating

ferroportin, changed iron metabolism concept, which in turn is long known to be related to

insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aims to

measure compare serum hepcidin and ferroportin levels in subjects with and without MetS.


The study included84participants mean age 55.62 ± 8.97. The participants were divided into

two groups; the first includes patients diagnosed with MetS according to the International

Diabetes Federation (IDF) and American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood

Institute (AHA/NHLBI), the second is age- and gender-matched control. We were measured

serum hepcidin and ferroportin levels by ELISA in the two groups.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Serum hepcidin levels in case group (136.224 ± 117.219 ng/ml) and their sex and age-

matched controls (98.069 ± 87.607 ng/ml) while serum ferrportin levels in case group (8.278

± 7.024 pg/ml) and their sex and age-matched controls (18.456 ± 14.329 pg/ml).


Increase serum levels of hepcidin and decrease serum levels of ferrportin in case group

compared to control group.


Abstract No.: 1270

Title of Research: Serum levels of Nesfatin-1 and Galanin in adults with metabolic

syndrome

Name of

Presenter: اؼز١ج مب ب٠ف ش٠


Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most complex and heterogeneous conditions. It is

characterized by abdominal obesity, hypertension, lipid metabolic abnormalities, and

hyperglycemia or insulin resistance, but the underlying causes remain unknown. Our primary

aim is to investigate whether Galanin and Nesfatin-1 played a role in the pathophysiological

mechanism in patients with MetS, also to show their association with the parameters of the

disease.


A total of 84 subjects participated in the current case-control study. According to

AHA/NHLBI and IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome, they were divided into 44 metabolic

syndrome group and40 control group. After 12 hour-fasting, blood samples were obtained to

measure serum nesfatin-1 and galanin levels by ELISA technique.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Serum galanin were significantly higher in patients with MetS compared with the control

group (P<0.05). In all subjects, serum galanin was positively correlated with fasting blood

glucose. Serum nesfatin-1 levels in the MetS group were not significantly different from

those in controls groups(P>0.05). In all subjects, serum nesfatin-1 was negatively correlated

with waist circumference and triglyceride.


In conclusion, these results confirmed that increased galanin levels are characteristic of

patients with metabolic syndrome. While, nesfatin-1 levels were similar to the control group.

Larger prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.


Abstract No.: 1307

Title of Research:

Evaluation of Biomarkers Hyaluronic Acid and Cross-linked N-

telopeptide Levels After Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Os-

teoarthritis Rat Models.

Name of

Presenter: اغبذ أزذ ػ أب


Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease of the joints characterized by progressive degeneration of

connective tissues. OA affects millions globally which impose a great socioeconomic burden.

OA treatment approaches, surgical and pharmaceutical, are mainly aimed to alleviate pain

and movement limitations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a great therapeutic

potential, by modulating inflammatory responses and tissue regeneration by their

differentiation ability, which have made it a viable option for OA treatment. This study

investigated the effect of intraarticular injection of MSCs in the treatment of knee OA rat

models.


44 rats were divided into: normal controls, MSC controls, untreated OA models, and MSC

treated OA models. Assessment of therapeutic effect of MSCs was done by histopathological

examination and measurement of serum biomarkers: HA, NTX-1, CGRP, and NGF.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

All the measured biomarkers raised significantly in OA models compared to normal controls.

There‟s also a significant decrease in serum levels of the four measured markers in the OA

models treated with MSCs injection compared to the untreated OA models. Histopathological

examination indicates a structural normality in the MSCs treated OA group compared to the

apparent degeneration of the untreated OA group.


The results suggest that the biomarkers might be useful for determining the burden of the

disease and/or the disease prognosis. Also, it indicates a possible effect of the MSCs

treatment on the serum levels of these markers.


Abstract No.: 2383

Title of Research: Hepatoprotective influence of Rumex cyprius extracts

Name of

Presenter: ادبثش اؼض٠ض ػجذ عؼد ا٠ب


Genus Rumex (Polygonoideae), contains herbs which are distributed worldwide, particularly,

Arabian Peninsula. It contains chemically productive plants . On these bases of the chemical

constituent these can be used for treatment of variety of diseases. For instances; hepatic

diseases, constipation, and spleen disorders. Although, its wildly used in Arabia by mountain

folks , the literatures show scars of information. Thus, the current study was designed to

investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Rumex cyprius extracts.


Dried stems,fruits,roots and leaves of both Rumex cyprius were extracted by methanol,

followed by biological studies using albino mice. The hepatoprotective activities of Rumex

cyprius were determined by injecting albino mice with carbon tetrachloride and comparing

the CCL4 challenged group with the ones pre-treated with the Rumex cyprius extracts.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

After injecting the mice with CCL4, there was a marked tissue destruction and. Comparing

the CCL4 group ,with the Silymarin and Rumex pre-treated ones. The findings were

confirmed by histopathological examination of liver tissues. Injecting the mice with CCl4

depleted Glutathione levels and caused about 2-fold increase in MDA levels . These changes

were restored by Silymarin and R.Cyprius pretreatment.


1-Rumex Cyprius could be used as a hepatoprotective agent.

2-The hepato protective activities of R.Cyprius fruits and stems are close to those of

Silymarin tablets.


Abstract No.: 4878

Title of Research: ازغ ػ ابرح اؼقج اإلػزالي ػ ف١زب١ عب١غه األ١ سل اؼقج ازأث١ش

.ادشرا ف ثبألوش٠ال١ذ

Name of

Presenter: سفظ ث ازذ س٠ظ فبهخ


ACR is a neurotoxicant. In this work we studied the association between acrylamide exposure

and neurotoxicity& investigate the protective action of 5-ASA and vitamin E.


Materials: ACR, vitamin-E & 5ASA.

Methods: 49 adult wistar rat (250+/_ 20g) 60 days. divided into seven groups (control, ACR

alone, ACR+5-ASA, ACR+vit-E, ACR+ASA+vit-E , vit-E alone, ASA alone). After 5 days

of ACR treatment rats were observed for 24 hr and killed. Histopathology for brain and

sciatic nerve were done.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Acrylamide produced neuronal damage, treatment of rats with vitamin-E and 5-ASA

induced strong improvement in histology of neurons.


5-ASA and vit-E can be used as antioxidant for ACR neurotoxicity.


Abstract No.: 5192

Title of Research: اغ١ش اىجذ رؾس ثذ أ غ2 ع اغىش شم اس٠١خ االر ث١ امبسخ

وس

Name of

Presenter: اذ ػ١نخ عب االء


Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition progressing to liver

cirrhosis. Diagnosis is based on biopsy, or ultrasound with some serious drawbacks. Non-

invasive methods for diagnosis are strongly needed. We Aimed to investigate the possibility

of using some commonly performed biochemical tests in T2DM patients as diagnostic

markers of NAFLD.


Type 2 Diabetic (T2DM) patients with & without NAFLD, were recruited from clinics at

king Abdulaziz University Hospital in case- control design. Height, weight, Waist, hip, and

neck circumference (WC, HC, NC), and blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood sample

were taken to estimate HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-c), LDL-cholesterol

(LDL-c), Triglycerides, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),

γ-glutamyl transferase(γ-GT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin and highly

sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

50 T2DM patients with, and 40 without NAFLD were enrolled in the study. Almost all

(98%) of NAFLD patients were overweight or obese, with significantly higher mean weight,

WC, HC, NC, and SBP. Means of liver enzymes, hs-CRP, triglycerides, total and LDL-

cholesterol were significantly higher in NAFLD group (p value < 0.05 in all). However, there

was overlap in ranges of all variables between the two groups.


NAFLD might be suspected in overweight and obese Saudi patients, especially in the

presence of elevated liver enzymes and triglycerides. The presence of above normal values

of AST is more confirmatory. Future research should focus on novel serum biomarkers for

helping in the early detection of NAFLD.


Abstract No.: 5262

Title of Research: وس اغ١ش اىجذ رذ شك ف االد٠جع١زو١بد جؼل دساعخ

Name of

Presenter: ثبر١ب ٠غ ازذ اثزبي


Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease

in the world. Adipose inflammatory derived signals have been suggested to contribute to the

development of NAFLD,but their exact role remained unclear. In this study, we investigated

the relationship between serum interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and adiponectin

levels in NAFLD patients.


We conducted this case control study to assess the relationship between these serum

(adiponectin and IL-1RA) and NAFLD. We measured serum adiponectin, IL-1RA,

biochemical and histological correlates in 43 patients, (body mass index (BMI) 80.1±19.4

kg/m2), and 19 controls.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

IL-1RA was higher in simple steatosis patients compared with both controls (174.43±314.99

vs. 147.51±193.50 ng/ml) and advanced liver patients (88.72±114.09 ng/ml; p=.552) and

adiponectin was higher in advanced NAFLD patients compared with both controls

(23.48±15.86 vs. 18.59±9.52 µg/ml) and simple steatosis patients (15.91± 99.99 µg/ml;

p=.132).


Adiponectin could have a link with NAFLD histology as it shows a significant difference in

patients with advanced liver disease compared to simple steatosis, IL-1RA may not have a

link with NAFLD. Large scale sample size studies should be done to obtain more reliable

results.


Abstract No.: 5384

Title of Research: وس اغ١ش اىجذ ثزذ اقبث١ اشم ف االزبثبد عبئو جؼل دساعخ

Name of

Presenter: اؼطبط عب خبذ اثزغب


Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the worldwide most common form of liver

disease. It is important to find noninvasive markers for early detection of the disease. Resistin

and osteoprotegerin(OPG) were studied in patients with NAFLD in a trial to find if there is

any association between these markers and NAFLD


We conducted this case control study to assess the relationship between these serum markers

(resistin and OPG) and NAFLD. We measured serum resistin, OPG , biochemical and

histological correlates in 43 patients, (body mass index (BMI) 80.1±19.4 kg/m2), and age and

sex matched 19 controls.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

resistin was lower in simple steatosis patients compared with both controls (8.08 ± 3.48 vs.

12.81± 11.47 ng/ml) and advanced liver patients ( 10.74± 5.25 ng/ml; P = 0.092) and OPG

was slightly lower in simple steatosis patients compared with both controls (192.81 ± 56.34

vs. 198.04 ± 51.39 ng/ml) and advanced liver patients ( 198.52 ± 85.9 ng/ml; P = 0.945).


resistin could have a link with NAFLD histology as it shows a significante different in

patients with advanced liver disease than in those with simple steatosis, OPG may not have a

link with NAFLD. The sample size should be expanded to ovoid the inconsistency of the

results.


Abstract No.: 5419

Title of Research: Potential Anti- Allergic Effect Of Different Traditional Arab Herbs On

Mast Cells

Name of

Presenter: اؼمالء ػ فش٠ر خ


Allergic reaction is a hypersensitive immune response to a certain allergen. One of the most

important players in this reaction is mast cell. Historically, traditional herbs are well known

to treat allergic diseases, like asthma.


Initialize the toxicity level of each herb extracts on bone marrow mast cells (BMMC) has

been determined using calcein viability assay. Based on cell safety profile, serial

concentrations of aqueous extracts of each herb were selected. The effect of these herbs to

inhibit IgE- mediated BMMC degranulation was examined using β-Hexosaminidase assay.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

All tested concentrations of all herbs, except garlic, showed no cytotoxicity for BMMCs.

Garlic concentrations higher than 1% was cytotoxic to BMMC. Pre-treated BMMC with 0.1-

1% of garlic, 1- -

significantly inhibited IgE- mediated β-Hexosaminidase released from BMMC.


Some concentrations of these traditional herbs demonstrated significant mast cell stabilization

effect. Remarkably, garlic demonstrated the maximum effect. These results suggested the

potential therapeutic effect of these herbs on in-vitro allergic reactions. However, in-vivo

experiments are needed to explore the potential therapeutic effect of these traditional herbs in

animal models of allergic disorders.


Education,

Behavior, and

Technology

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0785

Title of Research:

Emotional intelligence: predictors and relationship with academic

performance, leadership, self-efficacy and perceived- stress among

medical students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: ؽ١ ث زغ١ سذ فف١


Emotional intelligence (EI) is increasingly identified to play an important role in medicine &

medical education. The objectives of the study were to determine the predictors of EI, and its

relationship with academic performance, leadership capacity, self-efficacy and perceived

stress among medical students in King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.


A cross-sectional study was done among 540 students selected through multi-stage stratified

random sample method, during 2015/2016. A standardized, confidential data collection sheet

was used and included Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence (SSREI) scale, Authentic

Leadership questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale and the short version of Perceived

Stress Scale (PSS-4). Descriptive, inferential statistics & multiple linear regression analysis

were done.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Gender, age, academic year, and academic achievement were significantly associated with

total EI score in bivariate analyses. After controlling confounding factors, gender, age and

non-smoking were EI predictors. EI was positively associated with performance, leadership

ability and self-efficacy & negatively correlated to perceived stress.


EI was positively associated with academic performance, leadership, and self-efficacy and

inversely associated with stress. Stress management courses and controlling smoking

problem can improve EI. Introducing EI training within undergraduate medical curricula can

improve performance, self-efficacy and leadership capacities of the current medical students

and the future physicians.


Abstract No.: 5614

Title of Research: Mobile phone use: effect on sleep quality and academic achievement

of medical students in King Abdulaziz University

Name of

Presenter: ثببس ػ فبر ثؾبئش


The vast rapid spread usage of Mobile Phone (MP) brings a necessity to identify the pattern

and effects of its use on medical students. The study was done to determine the pattern of MP

use, and its relationship with sleep quality and academic achievement of medical students in

King Abdulaziz University (KAU).


A cross-sectional study was done among 610 medical students. A multistage stratified

random sample was used during 2015-2016. A validated data collection sheet was used and

contained the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ), Pittsburgh Sleep

Quality Questionnaire Index (PSQI), and student‟s GPA. SPSS was used for performing

descriptive and inferential statistics.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

About three-fourths of participants used smart phone for more than 5 hours/day, and 68.0%

were poor sleepers. What‟s App (45%) was the commonest used applications. Female gender,

owners of smart phone for >1 year, and the increased time spent on mobile (per day) were

significantly associated with MP dependency. Poor sleepers had higher mean MP dependent

score, but without significant difference (p> 0.05). Subjective sleep quality (p <0.001), and

sleep latency (p< 0.05) were significantly correlated with MP dependency. Those with higher

GPA had significantly lower means of dangerous mobile use and financial problems

domains.


Poor subjective sleep quality and increased sleep latency were associated MP dependence.

Students with better GPA were less liable to have problematic phone usage. Conduction of

educational programs for sound MP usage is needed for decreasing dependency and

improving educational achievements.


Abstract No.: 5856

Title of Research: The Relationships between Internet use, Loneliness and Depression

among Students in king Abdul-Aziz University on Medical Campus.

Name of

Presenter: اذ سنب اؼض٠ض ػجذ اثزغب


In the last few years,  problematic Internet Use has become a serious mental health problem, 

particularly among the young people between ten and twenty six years old. The earliest and

recent studies reported link between overuse of the internet by adolescent and young adults

and negative effect of psychological wellbeing. Aim: Identify the relationship between

internet use and loneliness and depression among a sample of King Abdul Aziz University

students.


Design: descriptive cross-sectional study.

The Setting: different faculties of King Abdul Aziz University. Subject of the study include

200 participant students who was chosen accidently. Tools: three tools were used  to collect

data of this study.1- Internet Addiction test (IAT), 2-  Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 3-

UCLA loneliness scale.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Result: there were no significant relationships among Internet use, depression, and loneliness, but the

participant students who have a higher frequency of Internet usage are more likely to be loneliness

and depressed.


Recommendation: In the study that it should be give more attention to educate students about

internet usage habits and psychologists must be aware of this newly emerging disorder as an

internet addiction and if they should be able to apply the appropriate therapeutic

interventions.


Abstract No.: 5713

Title of Research: Current Status Of Robot-assisted Urologic Surgery In Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: مبد عشاج سذ سد ثؾبئش


ؾأرب، ز ادشاز١خ اؼ١خ ابسعخ ف ثسح ازذثذ ادشازخ ػ١بد ف( اشثد) اال اشخ ثبعزخذا ادشازخ

ادشازخ ا اشغ ػ. اج١خ اغبه اى خشازخ اغبء اشاك اقذس امت خشازبد ف دبزب اثجزذ

ز رجسث. ادشاز افش٠ك خجشح رذس٠ت ذ ػ اعزخذاب ٠زلف لذ ازم١ذ٠خ، ازم١بد ػ رفلب اثجزذ اشثر١خ

اج١خ اغبه خشاز ث١ اعزفزبء ػ ر فبػ١ز؛ اعزدبثزب ادشاز١خ افشق خزف ث١ اعزخذاب رارش ػ اذساعخ

.ازبئح رس١ اذساعخ ز ف رذ


عخ ٥٦ ثخجشح قف ،( ٠٦٥غب ػذد) اغؼد٠خ اؼشث١خ اىخ ف اج١خ اغبه خشاز ػ١خ ػ ثذ ٥٦

.اوثش ا

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

افزمبس ثغجت ره رفشاالخضح ثبشغ غزغخ غ١ش اغؼد٠خ اؼشث١خ اىخ ف اشثر١خ ادشازخ ا ا اذساعخ خقذ

ػ رذس٠ج ٠ز االعزفزبء ف اؾبسو١ % ٦..٩. ب اغزؾف١بد دػ لخ االخس وفب٠خ ػذ ازذس٠ج افشؿ ااسد

اعزئقبي ثؼ١بد ٠ما % ٩٩.٦ اشثربد هش٠ك ػ اجشعزبرب اعزئقبي ثؼ١بد ٠م % ٨. لشاثخ. اشثد خشازخ

.اشثربد هش٠ك ػ اج١خ اثبخ اعزئقبي اعزخذذ لذ% ..٦٥ اشثربد هش٠ك ػ اى


خبفخ لجال اوثش خشازخ رم١خ عزقجر ازذس٠ج١خ اب١خ االداس٠خ اقؼثبد ثؼل ردبص ر ارا ثب اذساعخ ز رف

افشاد ا اشثربد غبػذح هش٠ك ػ اج١خ اغبه ػ١بد ثاخشاءاد ٠فا االعزفزبء ف اؾبسو١ ؼظ ا

.اعش


Abstract No.: 1120

Title of Research: Does social and academic variables have an impact on the

stress score among medical students at king Abdulaziz University?

Name of

Presenter: صلضق ع١ب ث بخذ سذ


Education is a stressful environment, and it is globally known that Medicine is one of the

most stressful professions. Undergraduate medical students are getting under major stresses

that have become a concern. Hence, this study conducted to evaluate the prevalence of stress

among the medical students and to assess the effect of social variables on their stress scale

score in both male and female.


A total of 628 students participated in this study with an average age of 21.4 years .The study

was conducted by using the Perceived Stress Scale– 10 (PSS-10) for measuring the

perception of stress. Prevalence of stress was evaluated and compared with the study

variables, such as gender, level of education, academic grades, age, Marital status, living with

parents, medical condition.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The stress score among the female students in our sample was (66.1%) which was higher

(p<0.016) than male medical students (57.5%). Second year male students were found to be

with the highest stress score. Furthermore, the highest stress score among female were found

to be in sixth year students. The study variables showed no association among male medical

students. The present study found that the stress score is significantly correlated (P<0.027)

with the sixth year medical student‟s academic grades.


These findings among the medical students in our sample points and suggests the necessity of

applying a well-being and a mental health programs in order to assist a smooth transition

process for students between different learning environments and learning demands.


Abstract No.: 4615

Title of Research:

The relationship between smartphone addiction and thump/wrist pain:

a cross-sectional study on medical students in king Abdulaziz

university.

Name of

Presenter: ثبػجذهللا اثثىش سذ ا٠


Smartphone devices have been evolving rapidly in the last years. Moreover, many

smartphone users have experienced pain in the thumb/wrist. Therefore, the objective of this

study is to evaluate the relationship between Smartphone addiction and wrist/thumb pain and

to determine the severity of the pain, as well as to calculate the prevalence of De Quervain‟s

tenosynovitis among medical students at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah.


a cross-sectional study conducted based on calculated sample size and stratified sampling

technique. A total of 387 medical students participated with 1.1:1 male to female ratio.

Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version was used to recruit participants into smartphone

addicts and non-smartphone addicts groups. Both groups completed the self-administered

questionnaire PRWHE to evaluated wrist\hand pain. Finkelstein test was done among those

who had experienced pain in thumb\wrist. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test

and Chi-square test.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

We found that 257 (66.4%) of participants were smartphone addicts. 74 (19.1%) of

participants had Finkelstein test positive. There was a significant relationship between

smartphone addiction and PRWHE scores, P < 0.05.


Smartphone addiction could cause clinical and subclinical changes in thumb\wrist soft tissue.


Abstract No.: 5124

Title of Research: Clinicians and Patients Attitude towards a Computer-guided Implant

Surgery Approach

Name of

Presenter: اق١ عؼد ػجذاشز عؼد


Computer guided implant surgery(CGIS)involves computerized tomography scan of the jaw

,imaging of planned prosthesis ,virtual implant placement, and production of

stereolithiographic surgical guide to be used for actual implant placement. Nowadays,

software designers and 3D printing manufacturers rapidly encompass implant dentistry into

digital industry.It is essential, therefore, for dental caregivers to evaluate the necessity to

incorporate such an approach into their patient care. Aim: To investigate the attitude of

clinicians and patients towards dental implant treatment using CGIS approach.


25 dental professionals who place dental implants and 20 dental implant candidates were

included in this cross sectional study.A visual analog scale(VAS)questionnaire was used to

assess the attitude of clinicians towards CGIS approach versus the conventional approach in

terms of advantages, disadvantages and indications. Patients were educated about CGIS then

were asked about their interest to be treated using this approach. Statistical analysis was

performed to evaluate the clinician‟s attitude using SPSS software. A P-value of <0.05 was

considered statistically significant.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

This study included 25 clinicians and20 patients.Clinicians were classified into groups

according to specialty,level of expertise with implant placement and usage of CGIS approach.

Only52%of participating clinicians have used the technology,92%were interested in its

application and 100% of patients were interested in being treated using CGIS. Participating

clinicians reported that the primary advantage of CGIS is the increased accuracy of position

outcome and keeping pace with today‟s technology while the primary disadvantage of CGIS

is the high cost. Clinicians mostly recommended CGIS approach for the completely

edentulous clinical situation and least for posterior single edentulous gap.


CGIS has significant advantages over non-CGIS especially in the completely edentulous

clinical situations. CGIS is an attractive approach to patients in spite of the higher treatment

cost.


Abstract No.: 5429

Title of Research: Use of topical steroids on the face among university students

Name of

Presenter: ؽسبدح اذ٠ ثشب بخذ م١بء


Topical corticosteroids are widely used to treat dermatological problems. They can cause side

effects if used for long periods of time. Previous studies in other regions shown that topical

steroids are being used inappropriately.

The aim of this study is to assess the scale of topical steroid usage on the face among the

university students.


An online questionnaire was sent by e mail to all students of University. It included questions

about the use of topical steroids on the face for the last 5 years. Different photos of

commonly used topical steroids including combination formulas were shown and asked if

they have been used.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

1571 students responded. Only 52 responded as they have used topical steroids on the face in

the previous 5 years. At least 185 had used one of the presented photos (which contained

steroids) and 613 said that they did not know that they contained steroids. Topical streoids

were used for different reasons. Sources of prescription included in addition to dermatologists

and other doctors, pharmacists, friends and relatives, beauticians or saloon staff and others.

Different recognised side effects were reported.


Considerable number of university students use topical steroids on the face without knowing

its nature. Additionally, Topical steroids are being prescribed and advised by pharmacists,

beauticians, friends and relatives or social media. Public awareness actions can be

implemented to warn against the use of topical steroids without proper medical consultation.


Abstract No.: 5549

Title of Research: Students' opinion about the script concordance test (SCT)

Name of

Presenter: اغب عؼ١ذ سذ اث ػبرك ف١ق


The script concordance test (SCT) is a method for assessing clinical reasoning of medical

students and physicians by placing them in a context of uncertainty such as they will

encounter in their future daily practice. The objective is to make health professionals familiar

with the test and to explore their opinion about it.


A short motion graphic video is made available to explain the idea and context of the SCT,

then the link to the electronic form of the questionnaire can be accessed. The questionnaire

contains 10 questions to explore the participants' opinion about the test.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 89 participants completed the SCT questionnaire, 65 (73%) were medical students

and 24 (27%) were physicians. Fifty-six (63%) of all participants did not know about the

existence of script concordance tests. The majority of students and physicians had positive

views regarding their satisfaction of the test, understanding its teaching value, and found it

useful to be evaluated by such test (p < 0.05). However, a significant percentage of

participants were uncomfortable with the format of the test questions.


Medical students and physicians were satisfied with the concept and rational SCT as a

method of assessment of clinical reasoning skills and felt it prepared them well for real

practice. These results open the avenue for further studies in the field of script concordance

testing.


Abstract No.: 6077

Title of Research: Knowledge about Anesthesia and the role of Anesthesiologists among

Jeddah citizens.

Name of

Presenter: ثبلجـ ػ سذ ازذ


The anesthesiologist has a vital role in the operating theatres. Awareness of the role of the

anesthesiologist and the types of anesthesia is essential for every person. This study was

made to estimate how much information the general population have about the

anesthesiologist and the different types of anesthesia. This research was a cross sectional non-

interventional study .


The research team conducted a questionnaire in which each participant in the study was

interviewed by the research team. The sample size was 159 participants.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

From the participants,99(62.2%) recognized the anesthesiologist as a specialized doctor who

administers the anesthetics,62(38.9%) know that the anesthesiologist has a role in resuscitating the

patient with the team if a crises occurred. However 85(53.4%) believe that the surgeon has the

responsibility of postoperative pain management. Physicians were the source of knowledge for most

participant‟s information. A reasonable percentage of people appreciated the role of the

anesthesiologist in administrating the anesthesia, however there is a lack of information about the role

of the anesthesiologist intra and postoperatively.


The need for more education for people about anesthesia is essential as the amount of

information about anesthesia in general is rather low.


Hematology

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0607

Title of Research: The Clinical Effect of Hydroxyurea on Sickle Cell Anemia Patients

Name of

Presenter: اؼ١ذسط ٠عف اثثىش فبه


Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the most common inherited anemia in the world

especially in Saudi Arabia. Hydroxyurea (HU) is used as a disease‐modifying agent for sickle

cell patients. Yet, there are no guidelines in prescribing this chemotherapy to SCA patients.

This study aims to measure the clinical outcome of SCA patients on HU and comparing them

with those off HU.


This is a cross sectional prospective survey among all ages of 101 SCA patients at KAUH

Jeddah KSA between 2010-2016. Data was gained from interviewing the patients and

reviewing their records. Data analysis was done by using SPSS by T-test and pearson

correlation tests.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A significant result was found between duration of using HU and pain crisis. Our results

found a positive correlation between the duration of using HU and number of pain crisis, also

our data showed a positive correlation between the duration of HU and number of infections,

farther more we found that the most common side effect is hair loss and the most serious one

is infertility and fetal loss.


We recommend increasing the time intervals for taking HU in order to get a better effect by

avoiding the tolerance. We also recommend not prescribing HU to immune compromised

patients. Also, a close follows up and rapid correction of neutropenia if occurred is

advocated.


Abstract No.: 4383

Title of Research:

Cross sectional study of prevalence venous thromboembolism (VTE)

prophylaxis among surgical, Ob/Gyn and medical patients admitted at

king abdulaziz university hospital (KAUH)

Name of

Presenter: س سد سذ سب


Deep vein thrombosis (DVE) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are known as venous

thromboembolism (VTE) and usually associated with morbidity and mortality.

The aim of study is to determine the percentage of hospitalized patients who are receiving

Prophylaxis for VTE according to the international guidelines and to identify the most

frequently used anti thrombotic agents.


A cross-sectional survey was performed at King Abdul-Aziz university hospital (KAUH)

upon patients hospitalized in medical, surgical, obstetrics and gynecology wards were

demonstrated whether they were receiving recommended prophylaxis or not and the

commonest prophylaxis‟s used in different wards were recorded on the survey day.

The data were gathered from hospital computer records within one day by medical students

and our research supervisor who is a consultant at King Abdul-Aziz University .The data was

analyzed by Microsoft excel. Ethical approval was obtained from KAUH chairman of ethical

committee through the supervisor. There was no conflicts of interest in this study.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Out of 226 patients admitted to the hospital, 134/226(59%) were on VTE prophylaxis

55/86(64%) of surgical patients were on prophylaxis, 67/90(74%) of medical patients were

on prophylaxis, and 12/50(23%) of Obstetrics and Gynecology patients were on VTE

prophylaxis.

The most frequent drug prescribed is LMWH (Enoxaparin) in 96/134 (71%), Unfractionated

Heparin in 55/134 (41%), Aspirin in 22/134 (16%), Warfarin in 11/134 (8%), and Tinzaparin

in 2/134 (1%) of patients.


Our cross-sectional study shows that the level of adherence to international guidelines is

suboptimal at KAUH.


Abstract No.: 4497

Title of Research: New Approach to Manage and Treat Sickle Cell Disease; Hemoglobin

Covalent Modifiers

Name of

Presenter: اؼ سذ أزذ


Sickle cell is a hemolytic disorder, where the Hb is in abnormal shape(HbS) due to single

amino acid substituent that‟s lead to absence of oxygen in HbS. One strategy to manage

sickle cell is Hb modifiers that bind to HbS and shift the OEC to left to increase oxygen

affinity. ECA is loop diuretic exhibit antisickling effect, based on its pharmacophore,

analogues were synthesized (KAUS) and examined for Hb modification. Unfortunately they

failed to be used as antisickling agent i.e. shift OEC to the right. So modifications on atomic

level would reveal potent antisickling agents.


We designed and synthesized 7 compounds KAUS (40-46) and examined: their effect on

OEC to determine compounds ability to left-shift it and biological Screening to evaluate

compound functional activity by measuring increase in Hb oxygen affinity and antisickling

effect on RBC

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results shows some molecules didn‟t shift OEC, while others slightly shifted OEC to the

right.Only (KAUS-44) formed non-covalent interaction, slightly shifts the OEC to the left.


Eliminating of the chloro-substitution and replacing imidazoyl moiety by another substituents

are of a secondary interaction. We recommend the elimination of carboxylate moiety or

substituting it to achieve a novel Hb covalent modifiers used in sickle cell .


Abstract No.: 5436

Title of Research:

Frequencies of Vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in Patients with Sickle

cell disease (SCD) in relation to Adenotonsillectomy: Epidemiologic

Evaluation of Association

Name of

Presenter: ػجذااعغ سذ خبذ د١


Sickle cell disease (SCD) usually manifests early in childhood by vaso-occlusive crisis

(VOC). There‟s a high prevalence of adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy in patients with SCD

(55.3%), Up to now, far too little attention has been paid to SCD and Adeno-tonsillectomy.

Due to frequent pain episodes and prolonged hospitalization in sickle cell patients triggered

by adeno-tonsillitis, it‟s important to asses if there‟s any change in the duration of pain crises

in patients who underwent adeno-tonsillectomy.

To assess the outcome of performing aden-tonsillectomy (AT) in patients with sickle cell

disease(SCD) on the occurrence of Vaso-occlusive crises (VOC ) episodes in these patients .


A retrospective epidemiological study of pediatric patients in King Abdulaziz hospital with

SCD who were known to have (VOC) and underwent (AT) at KAUH between 2005 and 2015

at age of (2-18).

Eligible subjects were assessed according to the frequency of VOC 3 year before performing

AT in comparison to 3 year after the operation.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 2753 files were reviewed, 31 patients were eligible in the study.

Results showed no statistical significant difference in number of (VOC) crises 3 year before

and 3 year after AT (P-value = 0.904) and also no statistical difference in other parameters

(ER visits , ICU admissions and frequency of Blood transfusion)


Performing AT in sickle cell patients did not affect the frequency of VOC. A prospective

study with a larger sample size is recommended to further evaluate this outcome.


Abstract No.: 5985

Title of Research: Active Surveillance for Acute Transfusion Reactions (a Pilot Study)

Name of

Presenter: اط١بس هللا ػط١ هالي عبس


Capturing transfusion reactions is a crucial step to ensure patient safety. As the rate of

reported reactions in our center were noted to be lower than expected based on the literature,

we planned to investigate whether this phenomenon is secondary to under-reporting or under-

recognition of transfusion reactions. A pilot feasibility study was planned before a large

scale surveillance is carried out.


The pilot study was carried out over 4 weeks starting July 31 2016. Investigators visited

multiplr hospital units and reviewed all patients who received a transfusion. Transfusion

reactions were defined according to the National Healthcare Safety Network Biovigilance

Component Hemovigilance Module Surveillance Protocol 2016.Statistical analysis was

performed using IBM SPSS version 23. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the

ethics committee.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

During the study period, 1674 units were transfused in KAUH. Transfusion reactions was suspected

in 16 patients. 8 reactions were reported passively while 8 reactions were captured through active

surveillance in the units visited by investigators. None of the transfusion reactions captured through

active surveillance were reported to Blood Transfusion Services. When the rates of transfusion

reactions during August 2016 (16/1658=0.96%) were compared with those reported in August 2015

(4/1617=0.25%) and August 2014 (5/1486=0.34%), rates of reactions captured through active

surveillance were significantly higher (p=0.009).


This pilot study shows that rates of transfusion reactions captured through active surveillance

are higher than those captured through passive reporting. The results emphasize the need for

transfusion nurses or hemovigilance officers to improve patient care.


Abstract No.: 6037

Title of Research: SLE in Association with Sickle Cell Disease

Name of

Presenter: زغبء عؼ١ذ ػجذهللا خد


We are presenting a case of a 14-year old girl who was diagnosed as SCD and later on

presented with renal manifestations which were initially thought to be caused by SCD.

However on further investigation underlying SLE was revealed.


Case report

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The tumor was resected successfully.


We highlight the diagnostic challenges faced in a patient with the coexisting two systemic

diseases and stress on the importance of investigating patients with SCD for autoimmunity if

they present with severe symptoms not responding to the regular management of SCD crisis

or with atypical symptoms. Forty five similar cases were reported previously, with one third

of them presented in childhood . However none of these cases were reported from the

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).


Abstract No.: 4500

Title of Research: Lead Optimization Approach to discover potent antisickling agent.

Name of

Presenter: ثبم١طخ ػش ػجذهللا فبسط


Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is the most widespread genetic disorder in the Kingdom of Saudi

Arabia. Sickling occur by a single point mutation in the hemoglobin protein when Glutamic

acid in the N-terminal (Glu-1) is changed to valine to form sickled hemoglobin (HbS).


From previous study, it found that the compounds : KAUS-12 & KAUS-15 despite it gave to

us a good results but still it needs to more improvement, so we design a new compounds,

belong to the same class of imidazolylacryloyl to improve the lead compounds and synthesize

the 10 compounds by simple and active chemical way that work on Condensation, and being

tested biological on samples of blood.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Some of the 10 compounds showed an impressive results by elevating the affinity of Hb to

carry O2, and it characterized by prolonged action.


We design imidazolylacryloyl derivatives as a new class of Hb oxygen affinity increasing

agents and provide antisickling effect , and KAUS- 38 has strong pharmacologic affect.

We make imidazolylacryloyl derivatives as target pharmacophore for synthesis and

development of potent red blood cell sickling inhibitors


Abstract No.: 4894

Title of Research:

Identification of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) patterns in beta-

thalassemia patients and their relevance to the mutational spectrum of

the Human Beta-Globin Gene (HBB)

Name of

Presenter: اشداد ب٠ش زض ػجذهللا


HLA genotyping is beneficial in both clinical and research settings in order to understand the

mechanism of associated diseases as well as organ transplantation. Beta-Thalassemia is

endemic in Saudi Arabia. Studies showed more than 200 mutations affecting the HBB gene

thus causing the disease with the IVS-1-5 mutation is considered the most common mutation

in KSA. HLA matching in beta-thalassemia patients can support therapeutic interventions

through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as It is estimated that only 30% of

patients can find an HLA-identical donor within their families.


We investigated the genetic polymorphism of 16 Short Tandem Repeat (STR) loci (D6S291,

TAP1, D6S2880, D6S1014, D6S2973, MICA, MOGc, MIB, MIB outer, D6S2674, D6S2959,

D6S2908, Ring3CA, D6S2812, D6S248 and D6S2707) in 15 beta-thalassemia patients

samples and 15 healthy volunteers samples using a fluorescent-labelled singleplex-PCR STR

typing method.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The result showed wide variation in alleles and high level of genetic polymorphisms. In

addition, we found a high level of homozygosity in patients samples at 3 STR loci;

Ring3CA, D6S2812 and D6S248 where this homozygosity is significantly associated with

the IVS-I-5 mutation (p-value <0.05,<0.001 and <0.001 respectively).


We conclude that HLA matching using the fluorescent-labelled singleplex-PCR STR typing

method provides a useful technique supporting HSCT as well as raising questions about the

potential association between homozygosity at certain STR markers and particular HBB

mutations.


Abstract No.: 6090

Title of Research: Clinical Associations of Alloimunization in Hemoglobinopathies

Name of

Presenter: غ١ سذ اذ٠ زغب ػجذاشز


Hemoglobinopathies including thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD) are chronic

disorders associated with anemia. Transfusion is the mainstay of management of thalassemia

and is indicated to SCD patients. Alloimmunization is a complication of chronic transfusion,

which may delay procurement of blood. We studied the prevalence and clinical association of

alloimmunization.


All hemoglobinopathy patients followed up at KAUH were identified. Medical records were

reviewed for clinical data including transfusion history. Demographic, clinical and

laboratory details of both alloimmunized and nonalloimmunized patients.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Of the 360 patients included, 242 had SCD and 80 had thalassemia, and 38 were diagnosed as other

genotypes. A total of 61 subjects (17.4%) were alloimmunized, at a mean age of 17.9 years. More

females than males developed alloantibodies (59% vs. 41%, p=0.041). More SCD patients compared

to thalassemia patients were alloimmunized (81.3% vs. 18.8%). Saudi patients comprised 31% of the

alloimmunized population. The most common single alloantibody identified was anti-E (22.2%)

followed by anti-Kell (11%). Hydroxyurea therapy was associated with a higher risk for

alloimmunization (38.3% vs. 18.1%, p=0.001). Hospital admissions were significantly less frequent in

the alloimmunized subjects compared to the non-alloimmunized (p=0.038).


Female gender and hydroxyurea therapy are associated with risk of alloimmunization. Less

frequent hospital admissions in alloimmunized patients may reflect lower compliance with

follow-up. Patient education and special transfusion protocols are useful approaches to reduce

the rate and risk of alloimmunization in this patient population.


Abstract No.: 5770

Title of Research: Geraniol Alleviates Diabetic Cardiac Complications: Effect on Cardiac

Ischemia

Name of

Presenter: اؾبػ ػ غبت زب


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing health problem with an increasing prevalence.

Individuals with DM have a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular diseases development

than non-diabetic individuals.

The present study was planned to assess the protective effect of geraniol, a natural terpenoid,

on cardiovascular complications in animal model with diabetes.


Diabetes was induced in rats by a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection. In the treated group,

geraniol (150 mg.kg-1.day-1) was administered orally starting from the 15th day after

diabetes induction and for 7 weeks, diabetic control rats were given vehicle for the same

period. At the end of study, cardiac contractility was assessed by using Millar microtip

catheter in anesthetized rats along with determining cardiac conductivity by a surface ECG.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Geraniol administration has significantly (p<0.05) alleviated the attenuated cardiac systolic function

associated with diabetes as indicated by inhibiting the decrease in the rates of rise (dP/dtmax) in

ventricular pressure and the increase in systolic duration observed in diabetic rats. In addition,

geraniol alleviated the impaired diastolic function as shown by inhibiting the decrease in the rates of

fall (dP/dtmin) in ventricular pressure and increased isovolumic relaxation constant (Tau) observed in

diabetic rats. ECG recordings showed that geraniol prevented the increase in QTc and T-peak t-end

intervals, markers of LV ischemia and arrhythmogenesis, seen in diabetic animals. In addition,

geraniol partially reduced hyperglycemia.


Results obtained in this study suggest that geraniol owns potent protective effect on cardiac

dysfunction induced by diabetes.


Medical Specialties

2

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0174

Title of Research: Quality of life concerns among cancer patients at King Abdul-Aziz

University Hospital

Name of

Presenter: اغ عفش ػجذابد ؽشق


Cancer is considered as major public health problem and one of the most common causes of

death worldwide. Diagnosis of having a life threatening disease such as cancer has a massive

effect on patients‟ quality of life (QOL). Cancer can produce many concerns and problems in

daily life that involve the physical, psychological and social problem some subtle and some

not at all subtle. An increasingly important issue in oncology is to evaluate quality of life

(QOL) in cancer patients.

Aim of this study was to assess the Quality of life concerns among cancer patients at King

Abdul-Aziz University Hospital


Design: A descriptive study for all types of cancer adult (male or female) patient, Aged from

18 -70 years old , Setting: Data will be collected in surgical inpatient wards (male and

female), outpatient clinic, gynecology, Radiation unite and day care at King Abdul-Aziz

University Hospital (KAUH).Tool: Cancer Survivors Survey of Needs developed tool to

attain the objective of the study consisting of three parts will used to for data collection to

achieve the purpose of the study

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

It was found that emotional distress was the most common concerns affect on cancer patients

with percentage 66.88% more than social concern that was 66.22% and the less concerns

was physical concerns 62.15%


In current study finding was surprising it showed that the most common concerns on cancer

patients was the emotional distress more than social and physical concerns.

Recommendation, taking larger sample size from different settings


Abstract No.: 1281

Title of Research:

Assessment of Patients‟ Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors in

Managing Side Effects of Chemotherapy in a Tertiary Teaching

Hospital

Name of

Presenter: اشداد ؼبك عؼ١ذ سب


Introduction: Patients education about chemotherapy and its side effects is very critical.

Informing patients on how to manage side-effects and involving them in preventive care can

decrease health-related distress by promoting self-care behaviors. Objective: To assess

knowledge of patients with cancer regarding the side effects of chemotherapy and how they

can manage it.


A cross sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah

during the period between December 2015 and January 2016. The study was performed by

using a self-administered questionnaire consists of two parts. First part is to assess the

knowledge of patient about chemotherapy side effects, while in the second part, patients will

report their behaviors toward the management of these side effects

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

90 patients were invited to participate in the study, 72 (80%) of them returned back

completed questionnaire and 18 patients apologized to participate in the study. The total

mean score showed that 45.8 % (n=33) scored higher knowledge in this domain while 11.1 %

(n=8) have low knowledge. 36.1% (n=26) of patients reported that they were completely

comply with the self-care behaviors to manage chemotherapy side effects, while 43.1%

(n=31) reported that they were partially comply and 20.8% (n=15) reported that they were

less in compliance.


The study showed that about half cancer patients have good knowledge and about one third

of the patients surveyed have proper self-care behaviors regarding the side effects of

chemotherapy.


Abstract No.: 4508

Title of Research: Scaffold Hopping of KX-01 Furnished Potent Antiproliferative

Compounds in Breast and Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Name of

Presenter: اجغ١ظ ع١ب فبر اعشاء


Achieving selectivity and safety has remained a problematic issue in ATP-mimic kinase

inhibitors because ATP is one ligand for many kinases encoded by human genome.

The concept of the non-ATP competitive inhibitors is based on decrease its‟ binding to other

kinases.in this field KX-01 stands as one of the most important lead compound as non-ATP

TKI for treatment of different types of cancer especially prostate and breast cancers.

We developed heterocyclic analogues of KX-01(by re-scaffold) with anticipated activities

against variety of tumors which act by inhibition of Src-family kinases or another TK.


Design and Synthesis heterocyclic analogues of KX-01 by two different methods to develop

KIM-C & KIM-V derivatives.

Cytotoxicity which was determined using SRB method ,cell culture and cell cycle analysis.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

IC50 of KIM-C:(111C, 121C, 131C) are effective against prostate cancer only, while (161C,

241C) are effective against both breast and prostate cancers.

IC50 of KIM-V:(121V) is effective against prostate cancer only, while (221V) is effective

against both breast and prostate cancers.

Cell Cycle Analysis: Resolves that decrease S phases (241c ,161C) and induce

apoptosis(161C) in cell cycle.

Heterocyclic analogues (KIM-C) series appear to be higher cytotoxic than the KIM-V series.


We introduced potent anticancer compounds based on potent SRC tyrosine kinase potent

inhibitor lead KX-01. Cell cycle studies revealed possibility of SRC inhibition involvement

on cancer inhibition activities of our compounds


Abstract No.: 4604

Title of Research: Evaluating The Cytotoxicity Effect Of A Noval Phytochemical

Mixture (Pb) On Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Name of

Presenter: امش لبع ػجذهللا افب


Breast cancer remains a problem with progressive emergence of resistance towards approved

chemotherapies.New complementary treatments are needed.


Here we investigated the anti-proliferative effects of a novel phytobiological mixture (PB)

against two breast cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. The anti-proliferative and

pro-apoptotic effects of PB were evaluated at non-cytotoxic concentrations as determined

using the Sulfa-Rhodamine B assay (SRB). The effects of PB on the induction of apoptosis

were valuated using Annexin-V and flow cytometry to measure the resulting DNA fragments.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results showed that at 72hrs, PB had cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7

cells with an IC50‟s of 25.8±5.4 µg/ml and 56.9±4.2 µg/ml, respectively. Exposure of MDA-

MB-231 to PB for 72hrs resulted in the induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.

PB concentrations of 10 µg/ml and 30 µg/ml, resulted in early programmed cell death of

9.1±1.5% and 22.1±1.8% respectively. Exposure to PB (10 µg/ml for 24 hrs) resulted in mild

cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase 20.3±0.3%; while higher dose showed a significant cell

cycle arrest at the S-phase as compared to the control untreated cells (p<0.001). However,

exposure to PB for 48 hrs at both doses,10 µg/ml and30 µg/ml, resulted in a significant cell

cycle arrest at the S-phase 25.3±1.6% and 20.5± 0.4%respectivelyas compared to the control

untreated cells 12.4±1.5% (p<0.001).


In conclusion, PB mixture found to induce apoptosis in two different breast cancer cell lines,

suggesting its promising potential as an anti-tumor mixture.


Abstract No.: 5115

Title of Research: Influence of Play Therapy among Oncology Children Receiving

Chemotherapy

Name of

Presenter: بى ػجذهللا ازذ ز١


Play therapy is a form of therapy used along side the medical therapy to help decrease stress

and tension induced by hospital and disease stigma. Aside from being therapeutic, it also

enhances the client‟s behavior and limitation as it gives him/her strategies to cope.

The aim of the study is to assess the influence of play therapy among children receiving

chemotherapy in KAUH.


This was a qualitative, explanatory multiple case studies, using in-depth, individual

interviews with parents of six pediatric cancer clients (aged 5-14 years old) receiving

chemotherapy.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The findings of this study showed the positive influence play therapy had on the oncology

pediatric clients, as it improved their emotional and psychological well being after it had been

deteriorated due to the side effects of chemotherapy.


It is recognized that play therapy has a positive improvement on the physical, psychological,

and emotional status of children receiving chemotherapy. By acknowledging this, play

therapy must be a part of the care plan given to the pediatric clients. As well, health care

settings in Saudi Arabia should receive an awareness of play therapy importance and the

methods of implementing it in the system.


Abstract No.: 5174

Title of Research: Validation of HCV Novel Drug Target Via Fragment-Based Design,

Synthesis and Binding Assay of Non-Peptide Mimics of NS4A.

Name of

Presenter: فجب ػجذامبدس ازذ ا٠الف


The hepatitis C is an infectious disease transmitted through blood transfusion. In kingdom of

Saudi Arabia, HCV- genotype 4 infects about 1.5% of the population. Despite the progress in

discovery and development of several medication belonging to direct-antiviral agents , but

there are need for more medications especially those targeting genotype-4. The King

Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology (KACST)-MAARIFAH research plan support

many drug discovery projects to enhance the economy in this direction and to focus on

healthcare endemic problems.


The strategic project 12-BIO3193 aims to validate new concept for development of DAAs

targeting HCV-genotype-4. The projects focus on design and synthesis of non-peptide

mimics of the viral protein NS4A that compete with this viral cofactor on its binding with

NS3 protease, an important enzyme for maturation of the virus.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Validation of arylamine synthesis as building blocks for Povarov reaction , Validation and

synthesis of 1-(4-oxobutyl)guanidine, a critical arginine mimic for R2 SAR study. Full

evaluation of the Povarov chemistry for production of compounds belonging to Scaffolds I &

II with THQ and THNt nuclei, Production of 5 compounds belonging THQ and THNt nuclei

despite great challenges of the chemistry and stability problems of these derivatives,

Validation of a third scaffold that did not appear in the proposal (1H-imidazole-2,5-

dicarboxylic acid) and production of 55 screenable imidazole derivatives belonging to the

new scaffold


We synthesized five compounds and we will synthesize larger number. Also, In future we are

planning to design and synthesize compounds that doesn‟t depends on Povarov reaction


Abstract No.: 5275

Title of Research: SLE patient with an initial presentation of HUS

Name of

Presenter: ػطبس سد ص٠بد سف


Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune multisystemic disease that can be present in

myriad of ways. Thrombotic microangiopathy is a rare complication of SLE. Even more rare

if it were the initial presentation of the disease. Antiphospholipid antibodies, Infection and

complement dysregulation have been suggested as triggers for such an event.


We describe a case of a 9-year-old boy who had a history of pharyngitis and non-bloody

diarrhea, two weeks later he presented to the hospital with symptoms of severe anemia,

hematuria and abnormal renal function.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Investigations showed positive ASO , ANA and dsDNA antibodies. Biopsy revealed a picture

of thrombotic microangiopathy in addition to a diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement

membrane with membrnoproliferative pattern of proliferation. The diagnosis of HUS

secondary to SLE was made. The patient had improved after the treatment with prednisone

and cyclophosphamide. No plasma exchange was required.


There are very few cases reported in the literature of SLE patients first presenting as

thrombotic microangiopathy. Antiphospholipid antibodies, infections and complement

dysregulation have been suggested to play a role in these cases. Despite all these associations,

the underlying pathophysiology is still unknown and further studies are required. The

outcome of aHUS in SLE patient is generally favorable.


Abstract No.: 5621

Title of Research: Stress In Family Caregivers Of Patients With Cancer In Kingdom Of

Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: اقب ػجذهللا زبذ فبثش٠


A review of literature has revealed that although a lot of research has been conducted

internationally about stress in family caregivers, very little of this research has included

family caregivers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and in particular family caregivers

of patients with cancer. Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine the

levels of stress among family caregivers of patients with cancer in KSA. The study also

explored the relationships between caregiver stress and demographic characteristics.


The study conducted at the King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, KSA. A

convenience, non-probability sampling method was used to select the participants from all of

the oncology-related units in this facility. The participants were asked to complete a survey

instrument, based on a pre-existing standardized tool, including demographic items. The data

were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 16) software package.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Findings: Study findings demonstrated that participants experienced moderate levels of

caregiver stress. There was also a significant relationship between level of education and

caregiver stress.


This study provides data to document the extent of stress in family caregivers of patients with

cancer in KSA. Knowledge gained from this study may be useful in reducing stress among

family caregivers of patients with cancer and in assisting oncology nurses to understand

common sources of stress that can affect family caregivers‟ health and meet their needs in the

KSA.


Abstract No.: 4618

Title of Research:

Prevalence and Clinical Predictors of LPR Among Patients Diagnosed

With GERD According To The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI)

Questionnaire

Name of

Presenter: اثسغ اثشا١ غغب ػجذاه


Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition that can lead to significant

morbidity. Laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR) is distinct clinical entity that can occur

simultaneously with GERD. Degree of overlap and clinical predictors of LPR among patients

with GERD remains unknown. the aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of LPR in

patients with GERD and identify clinical predictors.


This cross sectional study involved patients with confirmed GERD using the reflux symptom

index (RSI). demographics, comorbidities medications, and GERD-related lifestyle measures

were documented. Prevalence of LPR was calculated. Linear and logistic regression analyses

were used to correlate GerdQ and RSI, and to identify clinical predictors of LPR

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 80 patients with Mean age 43 (+-16) and 60% were females. 51% were saudi and

only 24% were smokers. Mean duration of GERD was 7 (+-4.4) years and average body mass

index (BMI) was 36+-22. 66% patients consumed coffee on regular basis. On simple and

multiple linear regression analysis a strong positive correlation was observed between GerdQ

and RSI scores (Coefficient = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.39 – 1.86). LPR was identified in 57 patients

(71%). On simple and multiple logistic regression analysis, GerdQ scores and BMI appeared

to increase the risk of LPR while coffee consumption was negatively associated.


Contradictory to what is frequently reported; LPR commonly occurs and positively correlates

with GERD. Several modifiable clinical predictors of LPR exist, which highlights the

importance of performing a complete clinical assessment.


Abstract No.: 5434

Title of Research:

A Cross-Sectional Survey Of Multi-Generation Inflammatory Bowel

Disease (IBD) Consanguinity And Its Relationship With Disease

Onset

Name of

Presenter: اضشا ؼ١ل عؼذ ػجذاال


Genetic mutations have been linked with the development of inflammatory bowel disease

(IBD); a Mendelian mode of transmission has never been proven. Consanguinity is thought to

play an important role in phenotypic variations of some hereditary and immune mediated

disorders. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of consanguinity among the

ancestors of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and examine the effect of

various levels of consanguinity on IBD disease onset.


Patients with IBD seen at the gastroenterology outpatient clinic of King Abdulaziz University

Hospital, Jeddah and King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam were consecutively recruited

and surveyed for demographics, disease onset and presence of ancestral consanguinity within

three generations. Prevalence of different levels of consanguinity was calculated. Linear

regression analysis was used to examine the association between age of IBD onset and

consanguinity.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

217 patients were recruited. Mean age was 32.9 (+-13.4). 53.5% were females and 74.2%

were native Saudi‟s. Cigarette smoking was reported in 17.1% of patients. Of the 217

patients, 51% had CD, while the remaining patients had UC. A family history of IBD was

reported in 29.5% of patients. Linear regression analysis did not demonstrate an association

between IBD onset and multi-generation consanguinity but identified an association with

disease subtype (coefficient = 7.1 (95% CI = 4.1, 10)).


Consanguinity is extremely common among Saudi IBD patients but does not seem to

influence age of disease onset.


Dentistry (M)

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 5341

Title of Research: Clinical Evaluation Between Zicronia And Stainless Steel Crowns In

Primary Molars Teeth

Name of

Presenter: ابد ػجذ ػش عب ثؾبئش


The aim of this project is to evaluate and compare two full coronal restorations on primary

posterior molars over a period of 3, 6 and 12 months in terms of restoration failure, marginal

integrity, proximal contact, secondary caries, occlusion and gingival response. The

restorations types are Stainless Steel Crowns (SSC) and NuSmile Zirconia Crowns (Nu/ZR).


Children attending the King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD) clinics

who need restorations will be screened for inclusion criteria till 120 teeth are recruited (60

teeth for SSC restorations and 60 for Nu/ZR restorations). Split mouth technique will be used

to ensure equalizing variables for both groups, each patient will have side restored with SSC

and the opposite side will be restored with Nu/ZR crowns.

Randomization will be done using SPSS software version 20.0 (Armonk, NY; IBM Corp.) for

each age group separately with a uniform random variable generation. A simple descriptive

statistics will be used for analysis and a T-Tests with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank will be used.

Level of significance will be set at (α = 0.05) and level of confidence at (95%).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

While looking at the improvements in gingival health relative to interventions, both Zirconia

and SSC have significant changes through all time points. However, Zirconia performed

better at the 3rd month with 80% compared to SSC with only 13.3% improvement with p-

value<0.001 and p-value=0.005 respectively.

At 6th month all samples under group Zirconia already improved while only 73.3% from

SSC while the remaining samples happened to have positive changes at the 12th month.

Regarding the plaque retention also the Zirconia Crowns shows improve performance than

SSC.


As both SSC and NU/ZR crowns presented to be excellent choice for posterior teeth

restorations, however we can conclude that Zirconia crowns performed better regarding

gingival response to the material of restoration and plaque retention despite its high cost.


Abstract No.: 0886

Title of Research: Effect of bonding agent application on retention of different sealants in

permanent teeth: In Vitro study

Name of

Presenter: اسبسث زغ١ ازذ زغ١


The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of using bonding agent on

retention of different types of pits and fissures sealants to permanent teeth enamel.


Ninety extracted premolar teeth were selected. The specimen divided into Groups I sealed

with Seal-it, groups II sealed with Helioseal-F while Groups III sealed with Clinpro. Each

group divided into three sub-groups a) without bonding, b) bonding and c) co-curing. The

buccal surfaces of all teeth flattened, dried, etched and the etched surfaces of 3 subgroups not

received bonding agent and 3 subgroups received two layer coats of adper single bond then

cured and last 3 subgroups received bonding agent but cured after sealant application. Groups

I sealed with Seal-it, groups II sealed with Helioseal-F while Groups III sealed with Clinpro

then cured. Shear bond strength specimens measured at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The

results analyzed using two way ANOVA analysis of variance followed by Tukeys post hoc.

Level of significance established at (α = 0.05) and level of confidence at (95%).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The specimens of Clinpro (Group IIIb) showed higher Shear bond strength when compared to

the specimens of Helioseal-F (Group IIa,IIb) and Seal-it (Group Ia, Ib) while the least shear

bond of all subgroups were (Ic,IIc,IIIc).


The clinpro sealant with bonding agent showed a better Shear bond strength compared to the

other sealant. The bond strength in no bonding groups were slightly higher compared to co-

curing groups.


Abstract No.: 5220

Title of Research: Research Title: Effect of Smoking on Post-operative Healing

Following Minor Oral Surgical Procedures

Name of

Presenter: ١جبس سذ ازذ ذ


Background: When a tooth is extracted the body responds by forming a clot within the tooth

socket. During the healing process, it is advised to refrain from smoking as it could disturb

the clot formation. This is particularly true if the patient smokes soon after surgery, thereby

exposing their open wound to harmful chemicals. Objectives: The study objective was to

compare the post-extraction symptoms (pain, bleeding, swelling, trismus and infection)

between smokers and nonsmokers at day 1, 2, 7, and 21 following extractions.


Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted recruiting patients undergoing minor oral

surgical procedures at King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD) and

following them at 1,2, 7, and 21 days after extraction. Post-operative evaluation included

recording complications immediately on the same day after the procedure, after 48 hours

through a phone call, on day 7 assessing clinically trismus, infection and dry socket. Finally,

on day 21 follow-up, whether a complete or retarded healing happened was assessed.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: A total of 85 patients were included in this study. About 64% were female, 31%

were smokers, and 15% declared having medical problems. There was statistically significant

differences in bleeding at postoperative day 1 (p-value 0.009), in swelling at postoperative

day 2 (p-value 0.04) between smokers and non-smokers. Reported pain scale was higher

among smokers in day 2 and 7 when compared to non-smokers. By post-operative day 7 and

21, most of the patients recorded no post-operative bleeding, swelling and trismus in both

groups


Conclusion: Initially postoperative complications may differ between smokers and non-

smokers, however eventually these differences fade. A further larger scale study is

recommended that may lead to more conclusive results.


Abstract No.: 5427

Title of Research: Efficacy of Bioglass (45S5) in Remineralization of White Spot

Lesions Surrounding Orthodontic Brackets

Name of

Presenter: اغبذ سذ عؼ١ذ خ١


One of the common side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment is white spot lesions (WSL).

Fluoride is known in the literature as a gold standard in treating and preventing the incidence

of WSL. 45S5 bioglass is one of the newly introduced biocompatible materials that might be

used to remineralize WSL since it may inhibit or reverse caries activity in its initial stages.

Objectives: Compare the remineralization efficacy of 45S5 bioglass paste to fluoride gel

(20mg/g, 9000 ppmF) applied for 4 minutes on white spot lesions developed around

orthodontic brackets using TMR(Transverse Micro Radiography) Imaging technique.


The buccal and palatal surfaces of 30 extracted human noncaries premolars and incisors

were used. All specimens had orthodontic brackets cemented on their surfaces and then

masked with acid resistant nail varnish leaving a treatment window of 2-3mm. All specimens

were challenged by a buffered demineralization solution (pH4.5) for 4 days. The specimens

were divided into 3 groups: bioglass 45S5 paste, Fluoride (4minutes application) and

control, (n=10). All specimens were embedded in resin material, crosssectioned and

manually thinned to a 100-150μm thickness to observe both lesion depth and mineral density

of the demineralized lesion (delta z) before/after treatment using the TMR imaging technique.

The image obtained on a high precision photo plate was transported to a digital image and

further statistical analysis using One way ANOVA was done to compare the obtained results

(p < 0.05).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Specimens treated with bioglass 45S5 showed statistically significant reductions in (delta z)

values and lesion depth when compared to the other two groups (p < 0.05).


Bioglass 45S5 paste has high remineralization capacity for remineralization of white spot

lesions surrounding orthodontic brackets.


Abstract No.: 5441

Title of Research: Time sensitivity associated with the application of water-based all-in-

one adhesive system

Name of

Presenter: اثقس سذس ػجذاؼض٠ض به


[Background] Intimate adhesion between a dental adhesive and composite filling is one of the

essentials for the success of the dental restoration. [Objective] This in-vitro study was

performed to investigate effect of delayed composite application on dentin bonding durability

using micro-tensile bond-strength (µTBS) testing method.


[Materials and Methods] fourteen freshly extracted premolar teeth were randomly selected.

After removing the roots, the teeth were occlusally trimmed to expose superficial dentin and

apply a self-etching adhesive (Tetric-N self-etch, Ivoclar/vivdent) over according to the

manufacturer instructions. Then, the samples were divided into 2 groups based on the

application time of composite filling (Tetric-N ceram; Ivoclar/vivdent). In group 1, the

composite build-up was carried out immediately after curing the adhesive, and polymerized

according to the manufacturer instructions. In groups 2, the teeth were restored after 5

minutes following adhesive curing, respectively. After storage in distilled water at 37°C for

24 hours, each tooth was sectioned into 57 sticks (0.7 mm x 0.7 mm) for tensile bond strength

(µTBS) testing. Results of the µTBS were analyzed and tested by using Kruskall-Wallis and

Mann-Whitney tests at significance level of 5%.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

[Results] Composite application and curing immediately after adhesive application gave

strength of 5.9±7.4MPa. After the adhesive application by 5 min, the µTBS results was

5.4±6.7MPa, respectively. According to statistical analyses, there was significant difference

between the tested groups (p>0.05).


[Conclusions] From the µTBS values, delayed application of composite filling after all-in-

one adhesive setting was shown to be tolerable up to 5 min.


Abstract No.: 5638

Title of Research: A Protocol for Repair of Dental Cad/Cam Ceramic Blocks Using

Resin Composite

Name of

Presenter: بفش اف وب سذ ػذب


With the increase in aesthetics demand in dentistry, all-ceramic restorations are in high

demand. With use, these restorations tend to chip or fracture. Intra-oral repair should be a

viable clinical option.


Two different CAD/CAM blocks were used in this study; feldspathic porcelain (company

name) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics (Z-LSC) (company name). Both

types of ceramics were divided into four groups based on the surface treatment protocol used.

Control group (C): no treatment, 5% hydrofluoric acid etching group (HF), Sand blast group

(SB) and tribochemical surface treatment group (TBC). All samples were treated with silane,

bonding agent and then nanohybrid composite was build up into blocks following the

manufacturer‟s instructions. Samples were then subjected to thermocycling (500x 5o to 55o).

Then, bond strength was measured using a universal microtensile test machine. Tow-way

ANOVA and Turkey‟s post-hoc test was used to assess the difference in bond strength of

different materials and different surface treatments using SPSS soft ware. The accepted level

of significance was P<0.05.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

When repair bond strength of various surface conditioning protocols was compared; the

highest repair bond strength for feldspathic porcelain was detected in samples treated with

HF (P<0.001) while the repair bond strength for Z-LSC blocks was not affected by the used

conditioning protocols when compared to control (P>0.05). However, when repair bond

strength of various ceramics was compared; the repair bond strength was higher for repaired

feldspathic porcelain than repaired Z-LSC in all used surface conditioning protocols

(P<0.001).


Repair bond strength to feldspathic porcelain could be improved when surfaces are etched

with hydrofluoric acid.


Abstract No.: 6339

Title of Research: خذح ثذ٠خ ا١بفؼ١ فئخ األعب رم٠ ؼالج اإلزز١بج ذ اإلهجبق عء ازؾبس ؼذي

Name of

Presenter: اؼم١ج ٠س١ هللا ػجذ ٠س١


Data on malocclusion and orthodontics treatment in KSA are limited. So the aim of the study

was to estimate the prevalence of malocclusion & to assess the actual orthodontic treatment

needs in order to improve public oral health.


Across-sectional descriptive survey was performed among 3016 subjects (1507 females and

1509 males ) aged 14-18 years which was selected according to stratified random sampling

design based on gender, district and age to obtain a representative sample of Jeddah

population.The prevalence of malocclusion was done based on Bjork et. al (1964) and the

need for orthodontic treatment was performed according to the DHC of the IOTN. The

significance of differences for malocclusion and IOTN DHC grades between genders were

assessed by means of chi-square and Fisher‟s tests. The IOTN score and the incidence of each

variable were calculated statistically by using by STATA Version 13.0 (StataCorp, College

Station, Texas, USA).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Showed that about 12 % had normal occlusion, 57 % had Class I malocclusion, 17 % had Class II

malocclusion, 14 % had Class III malocclusion. Slight need for orthodontic treatment was found in 26

%, moderate in 39 % however 35 % was considered a great need for orthodontics treatment. The

significance level was set at P<0.05 between gender based on different variables.


The outcomes will be useful for the public dental service to find precedence for orthodontic

treatment.


Abstract No.: 5847

Title of Research: Tolerance Evaluation of KAU Dental Interns and Senior Students

Towards Patients

Name of

Presenter: خبي زغ ١ذ فإاد


Introduction: Dental field is considered one of most stressful and highly demanding workload

environments. Moreover, tolerance is defined as the individual's acceptance of the inevitable

stresses. No study has related the stressors to tolerance level among dental students towards

their patients.

Objectives: To assess tolerance level of dental interns and senior students in King Abdulaziz

University (KAU) toward patients and its relation to gender, academic year, GPA, lifestyle,

marital status and place of living


Methods: Self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all 193 male and female dental

interns (127) and senior students (66) in KAU. The questionnaire consisted of 5 sections and

39 questions. SPSS version 13 was used for data analysis. Chi square test was used for

comparison and level of significance was

< 0.05.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: Study subjects are highly tolerant by 85.9% toward patients. No significant difference was

found between tolerance level and gender, academic year, GPA, lifestyle, marital status and place of

living. However, significant difference was found in specific situations between interns and six-year

students, gender and GPA. According to patient‟s nationalities female students are less tolerant

toward Saudi patients than male students. Dental interns and male students are more tolerant to treat

any patient nationality than others. Female students were more concerned about patients‟ behavior;

they tend to avoid demanding patients. Regarding clinical situations male students are more tolerant

toward treating patients under pressure. Females, dental interns and students with GPA (B) are more

tolerant to adjust patient‟s appointment and modify ongoing treatment plan


Conclusion: KAU dental interns and senior dental students have high tolerance level toward

patients. There are many factors affecting tolerance level for senior dental students. Also,

Female students were found to be more flexible and relaxed than male students. Additionally,

students with GPA (B) were found to have the highest tolerance level


Abstract No.: 5941

Title of Research: Factors that Motivate Second-Year Dental Students in Saudi Dental

Schools to Choose Dentistry as a Profession

Name of

Presenter: ثبعىشا ػ ث فب٠ض ػ


Saudi Arabia has experienced a noticeable growth in dental schools over the past ten years.

Proper planning and selection of students into dental schools is very important to ensure the

provision of highly qualified dentists. Motivation and skill are vital factors in a workforce to

provide good service to a population. Thus, research into student motivation my help the

dental educator and provider to provide better workforce for the population.(Singh et al.

2015) (Che Musa et al. 2015).


A cross-sectional survey of all 342 second- year dental students registered for the academic

year 2015/2016 in three dental schools in Jeddah (1 public and 2 private) was carried out. All

students in those dental schools were invited to participate in this study. The study protocol

was approved by research administration for sciences and Ethics Subcommittee. A self-

administered questionnaire, collected information on students‟ motivation to study dentistry.

Responses were collected using a five-point ordinal scale. Completion and return of the

questionnaire (either partially or completely) was taken as a consent to participate as outlined

in the questionnaire provided to students.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Two hundred and fifty-eight second year dental students from 3 dental schools participated in this

survey, representing a 75% response rate. Improving appearance was the main motivation factor for

this group of students (90%) and no differences were found between sexes (P>0.05)


This study showed that improving appearance is the main motivation to study dentistry in this

group of Saudi students.


Abstract No.: 0360

Title of Research:

Prevalence of dental anxiety among patients attending outpatient

clinics at King Fahd Armed Force Hospital in Jeddah: A Cross-

Sectional Study

Name of

Presenter: عذ سذ فاد ائ


Dental anxiety is the type of anxiety experienced by the patients who are soon to visit a

dentist for an appointment or treatment (Elmehdi, 2010). Our study will determine the

prevalence of dental anxiety among patients attending outpatient clinics in Jeddah; also to

investgate associated risk factors and assess severity for developing dental anxiety.


A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahd Armed Force Hospital (KFAFH) in

Jeddah. N= 360 adult Saudi patients consisted of 193 male and 167 female subjects attending

outpatient clincs and dental depatement were targeted toward the study. We mesured our

outcome by the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale –Arabic version (MDAS-A). A socio-

demographic structured questionnaire was distrbuted while patients setting in waiting area to

be filled-in and returned back. Data was analyzed using STAT 13; two-sided tests was used

and p- values <0.05 were generally considered significant . Bi-variate analysis using Chi-

squared test was performed. Variables that was significant in the Bi-variable analysis level

were included in the final model. This study was approved by King Abdul-Aziz University

Institutional Review Board and KFAFH Ethical Committee.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Our study sample showed the prevalnce of dental anxiety was 34% (anxious) and 10% were

(highly-severe anxious). Out of the total particaptns 65 (38.3%) female patients were more

anxious than 57(29.53%) male patients; and 25(14.8%) female subjects were highly-severe

anxious than 11(5.70%).


Among our study population a high level of dental anxiety was observed. Female respondents

showed higher rates of dental anxiety than the male subjects.


Public Health

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0399

Title of Research: MTHFR gene variants and frequency in a cohort of Saudi volunteers

Name of

Presenter: اؾش ػ زغ زب


Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) encodes the key enzyme in the folate

metabolism pathway. The common MTHFR polymorphism C677T (rs1801133) is a risk

factor for neural tube defects and different other diseases. The T allele affects the activity of

MTHFR enzyme which will reduce body‟s ability to metabolise folate, elevate homocysteine

level and reduce methylation process.


The study was carried out at the Centre of Innovation and Personalized Medicine (CIPM). A

questionnaire was used to obtain general information and medical history information. Saliva

samples were collected for genomic DNA extraction and SNP genotyping.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

MTHFR 677 C>T variants genotype frequency was 62% CC, 32% CT, 6% TT. The T allele

was significantly associated with congenital defect with P value=0.017. In addition there

might be an association between asthma and T allele with a borderline P value, P=0.062.


MTHFR C677T polymorphism may increase the risk of congenital defect and asthma in

Saudi Arabian population. For optimum health; pregnant women who have a MTHFR

polymorphism may require folic acid supplement above the normally recommended dose to

avoid the risk of neural tube defects. Further studies are needed to confirm the correlation

role of this polymorphism in such disorders; these studies could include a bigger number of

volunteers and/or collecting samples from families with congenital diseases.


Abstract No.: 0599

Title of Research: Explore Communication Challenges Facing Deaf and Dumb in Health

Care setting

Name of

Presenter: اغب ػ١ذ فذ غ١ذاء


This study aimed to explore challenges of deaf and dumb in health care settings. There are

many challenges facing deaf and dumb within health care settings [HCS]. One of them is

communication with healthcare providers. In healthcare settings not everyone is aware or

may practice sign language, which make it harder for deaf and dumb to independently

communicate without interpreter. it is important to explore challenges faced by deaf and

dumb when visiting healthcare settings in order to identify them and bring up

recommendations or solutions to ensure patient safety and to improve the quality of

healthcare services for this group.


In-depth semi-structure individual interviews conducted with approximately eight

participants from the deaf ladies club center in Jeddah toexplore challenges of deaf and dumb

in health care settings.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Five communication challenges were identified in this study as follows: different cultural

background, misunderstanding, misinterpretation, communicating in waiting area and

decision making. Suggestion and some adaptation methods used by participants to overcome

communication challenges were also identified.


The study enable to identify some solution and suggestion communication challenges that

deaf and dumb people may face when visiting healthcare settings. This enables to bring up

some suggestions and recommendation to overcome the identified challenges.


Abstract No.: 1042

Title of Research: Awareness of Smoking Cessation Aids in Heart Disease Patients at

Governmental Hospitals in Jeddah

Name of

Presenter: اثج١ز ػجذاؼض٠ض ػجذاال سغذ


Over one million people are smoking worldwide and the total numbers is expected to increase

each year.1 Several studies have shown a relation between smoking and heart problems,

which highlight special consideration in smoking cessation awareness in heart disease

patients with established vascular disease as a secondary prevention.

Aims: To evaluate the current awareness of smoking cessation products in heart disease

patients at governmental hospitals in Jeddah.


A structured questionnaire-based interview was held by pharmacy students with patients who

are attending cardiology clinics at governmental hospital in Jeddah.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

150 patients were interviewed. 19%(n=28) were smokers, 2%(n=3) returned to smoke,

56%(n=85) non-smoker and 23%(n=34) quitted smoking. Regarding the level of awareness

of the availability of smoking cessation products 32.2%(n=47) of the patients were aware of

the nicotine patch, 30.2%(n=44) of patients were aware of nicotine gum, 18.1%(n=26) of

patients were aware of nicotine lozenge, 7.4%(n=11) of patients were aware of varenicline,

1.3%(n=2) of the patients were aware of cystisine and only 0.7%(n=1) were aware of

bupropion HCl. The motivators for quitting smoking in 65 of the smokers (actively smoking

and patients who quitted smoking) were 36%(n=21) for self-motivation, 34%(n=20) for

physicians, 25%(n=15) for family members and 5%(n=3) for friends. And out of those 65

patients only 10.8%(n=7) visited smoking cessation clinic.


The poor awareness of the smoking cessation products shown in this study, suggests that

strategies of support and control are urgently needed especially in heart disease patients with

underline high risk.


Abstract No.: 4965

Title of Research: Saudi community knowledge and attitudes towards Dementia: A

survey study

Name of

Presenter: أعش هبش فإاد ا٠ثبس


Dementia is one of the most common health problems among elderly people. Lack of

knowledge about dementia, negative attitudes towards demented people and limited

availability of dementia care services are common factors for delaying this disorder diagnosis

and treatment.

Aim: To examine the Saudi community attitudes and knowledge towards dementia.


The study is a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative design using a questionnaire method to

collect the data. Moreover, the sampling design is convenient sampling, where participants

randomly were selected from shopping malls.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 150 questionnaires were answered. The finding showed that participants have

acceptable basic knowledge about dementia. However, it was found that age could affect

individuals‟ knowledge towards dementia, where those who aged between 46-60 years old

negatively answered certain items; different from answers provided other age groups. In

addition non- working participants showed less knowledge about certain items. The findings

also showed that individuals who are from the same age group have similar attitudes towards

dementia.


The Saudi community knowledge of dementia is considered acceptable. However, age

and educational levels could affect the knowledge and attitudes towards dementia. Therefore,

educational programs to increase the population knowledge about dementia and enhance their

attitudes are required. This is considered to help in dementia disorder early diagnosis and

treatment; in addition to seeking help and support. It is recommended to conduct more large-

scale studies including more cities in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the Saudi community

knowledge and attitudes and come up with absolute recommendations for future practice and

support.


Abstract No.: 5483

Title of Research: Type 2 Diabetic Patients Perception about Physical Activity in The

City of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: اذسل١ش زغ سذا١ ظ


Many studies show the important of Physical Activity(PA) in type 2 diabetes management

and prevention. lead to improve individual health by reducing incidence, prevalence, and its

complication. Thus the purpose of this study is to explore type 2 diabetic patient's perception

about physical activity in The City of Jeddah.


A descriptive cross sectional study Tool, in order to measure people perception we used The

Physical Activity Questionnaire for Diabetic Patients (PAQ-DP).Data were collected from

KAUH (female medical unit, male medical unit and diabetic clinic). Also was collected from

Haifaa Mall. Electronic PAQ-DP was spread through “WhatsApp” by using smart phone.

Sample: 140 participants were collected. Data was analyzed by using SPSS.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

People has a good preception about doing PA and how its afect in redusing the copmlication

that can be get in patient with type 2 diabeties


We recommend more studies to be done in Saudi Arabia especially in Jeddah about

environment factors for doing PA. Moreover, we recommend more studies about the actual

PA performance in Type 2 DM patients, and the effect of PA on Diabetic patient‟s outcome.

Also, we recommend to build up PA facilities to facilitate PA performance in the community

especially for female, also implement more educational and activity session in schools. Also

facilitate transportation to gym .


Abstract No.: 5904

Title of Research: Parent‟s awareness about drugs abuse among Their children in

teenage

Name of

Presenter: فالرخ ٠ظ اثشا١ ب


Nowadays drug abuse become most prevalent health issue especially among teenager, which

may cause a lot of health and socioeconomic problems, as parents should be aware and

realize that this problem has a clear impact on their children in teenager. The purpose of this

study is to assess the awareness of parents about substance abuse among their adolescents.


The design of the study followed the cross sectional descriptive design. Setting: medical

campus of king Abdu al-Aziz university and, king Abdu al-Aziz hospital .Sample consisted

of 100 participants among parents (either male or female) having children in teenager. Tool

of data collection self-report questionnaire were used. Data analysis: Use SPSS system

depend on the data normality by using chi -square test.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: most of parents have a good awareness about drug abuse in general and about most

substances that cause addiction, also there is no relation between awareness of parents and their

educational and occupational levels.


Conclusion: The result show there is no relation between parent awareness and level of

education and level of occupation. Recommendation: set planning program to increase level

of the parents and teenagers among drug abuse and determined by local needs standers and

requirements. It is recommended to do intensify awareness lecture among students in school

and university about drug abuse and how their gravity and their negative impact on the health

and live. It is also advisable to increase religious awareness and provide emotional and

physical gratification with teenagers so self-esteem will increase.


Abstract No.: 5993

Title of Research: Evaluating Pharmacy Practice in Hospitals Settings in Jeddah City,

Saudi Arabia.

Name of

Presenter: اغبذ سذ ػبدي س١


This study evaluate the clinical pharmacy services in the distribution activates, medication

preparation . dispensing, administration and pharmacy practice , in tertiary governmental

hospitals in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia ,Jeddah city .


We invite pharmacy directors from six tertiary hospitals in Jeddah city to participate in

modified-American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) survey questionnaire. The

survey was conducted using similar methods to those of the ASHP surveys.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

We found that 33% of hospitals use automated dispensing cabinets in the distribution . 33% use

electronic medication administration record system (e-MAR) and only 16% use handwriting MAR.

33% of hospitals reported that their pharmacists routinely conduct discharge medication counseling

for patients and routinely keep following-up .Moreover, 67% of the hospitals reported that they have

enough experienced pharmacy technicians and 83% of the hospital reported that they have sever

shortage in the availability of qualified clinical pharmacy specialist . In 50% of the pharmacist have

the authority to write medication orders , initiate therapy and other clinically important laboratory

tests. 50% of the hospitals said they have an ASHP-accredited residency program.


This will help to trace the progress and engagement of the pharmacist in the clinical duties.

The pharmacy services was common and there is considerable opportunity for further

improvement. We give report to each hospital about their level and week points to improve it.

More hospitals will be surveyed in Jeddah and then at a national level in Saudi Arabia and

we‟re looking forward to the international level in the future.


Abstract No.: 0729

Title of Research: Competencies For Public Health Nutritionist Professionals

(Qualitative Research)

Name of

Presenter: زش٠ش ذ٠ ١ذ ظالي


Competencies in the workforce generally refer to the abilities and skills to do the job

efficiently and successfully. In the nutrition field, there is worldwide movement to determine

the competencies required for nutrition professionals to promote health and prevention of

chronic disease. Studies in Australia, Canada, USA, and Europe showed that competencies

assessed on the knowledge, skills, and attitude required for public health nutrition

professional for effective performance in the workforce. No such studies were conducted in

the Arab region especially in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to explore the competencies

required for nutrition practitioners in Saudi Arabia using a qualitative approach.


Qulitiative research used two tools . Focus group of heterogeneous nutrition related

professionals from Education and Health sectors, and Semi- structures interviews were the

second tool used for various nutrition practitioners in the workforce in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The results of this study revealed that the competencies found in the western world also applied in

Saudi Arabia with different extents. There were six competency areas included nutrition science,

communication, assessment and analytical, Leadership and management, Cultural and social,

Technology with thirty-three competency units .English proficiency is unique unit for Saudi Arabia

practitioners. Job title, Professional license, and Training were important factors that emerged as

barriers to nutrition practitioners in Saudi Arabia.


This present study was first effort to exploring the required competencies for nutritionist professionals

in Saudi Arabia. The future step is using quantitative research involving questionnaire to whole

exploring amongst all nutritionist professionals in Saudi Arabia.


Abstract No.: 4476

Title of Research: اقبػ١خ بد أهفب اعزالن ثخبهش األس أ١بء ػ ذ ل١بط

Name of

Presenter: اسغ ػش زغ١ االء


اد١غ ٠سبفش ثبد از اغزائ او غ خبؿ ثؾى ز أ٠بب ف عخ ١غذ خ فس غزاء ػ اسقي ئ

األهفبي أغز٠خ ثؼل ف اطج١ؼ١خ ابد اعزخذا رؼض٠ض: اذف. اؼقبئش اؼجبد اس٠بد اعزالن ز١ث

ثزأث١ش مبسزب األهفبي ػ األغز٠خ ف اقبػ١خ ابد اعزخذا أثش رم١ر غ اقبػ١خ ابد ثذال اسججخ

أ١بء 555: اؼ١خ. األهفبي ث١ ازؾبسا األوثش س٠بد اغزائ١خ اجطبلبد ػ انء رغ١و, اطج١ؼ١خ ابد

.عخ 22-3 ث١ أػبس رزشاذ ابثب روسا هف 05, األس


ازد ثح زح ثقبػخ فبػ١ب اخ زدبد األهفبي رمج ذ ؼشفخ, االعزج١ب ثزص٠غ األس أ١بء ػ ل١بط

.اغق ف األهفبي ز٠بد ثطبلبد ػ غر اخشاء, اىوت اى١ه زح

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

اقبػ١خ ابد ثبعزجذاي األس أ١بء ٪ 83 هبت وب فبػ١خ بد ػ رسز األهفبي ز٠بد ٪ 98 أ خذ

رىزت اس٠بد ٪ 00 أ خذ وب٪, 05 ثغجخ هج١ؼ١ب اخ زدبد األهفبي لج ط رمج بن وب ثبطج١ؼ١خ

ابد ز خطسح ره ازسز٠شاد ز وزبثخ ثنشسح األس أ١بء ٪ 90 هبت فمذ اسشوخ فشه اسغبع١خ رسز٠شاد ػ١ب

.أهفب فسخ ػ


ألا ط رمج وزه األهفبي أغز٠خ غبج١خ ف اقبػ١خ ابد اعزخذا ف اجبغخ ذ اذساعخ مسذ

سقي ف١ ان ػ ٠ؾدغ ب ألهفبي اسججخ ألغز٠خ انبفخ اطج١ؼ١خ اقبدس ثغ١طخ ثطش٠مخ اسنشح

.االفطبػ١خ ثذال اقذس هج١ؼ١خ األا ػ


Abstract No.: 5167

Title of Research: Cinammaldehyde, Chrysin and Quercetin as Advanced Glycation End

Product Inhibitirs

Name of

Presenter: اسشث اؼقال ػ٠ؼ شػ عب ؾبػ


رقبزجب از افغ١خ ازغ١شاد اؾش٠خ اذسح شاز

ؽ ألزشز ب, رؼبف١ه فسزه ف ؽش٠ىب و اشاح ثؾفشح اسرجبه و١فخ ػ اقبء غذدن ظب ػ ثغإاه..

ػ و١ف١ ػ ثب١ ثظشح اززفظا ب اىث١ش ، قسزه ؽبخ خذ٠ذح ظشح رزج أ ه أهت أ ره اػظ

ا اوزؾفز ب. ادبذ اس٠١خ اقسخ زب سمك عف ٠ و االداء ثفظ خغذب لب ارا أ ؼزمذ أخغبب

رزلؼ ا ، اذسح ثظب ٠ؼ زه اؼب ف خغذن ف اس١ب ف ؽ و ال عبو رى ا طج١ؼزه اؼب٠ش

اطش٠مخ ز ػ سوض خغذن رذ٠ش از م ف عء ٠ؼزجش ا١ اظ ثب لز از اس٠١خ ثفظ غذا رغز١مظ ا

غ اؼاللخ ازسغ١ ازط٠ش ا رأر ػذب رؼمب االوثش اؾ ٠ى عف خغذن ف ،ا ز١بره دسح ف ادذ٠ذح

خغه ؼ اثبثزخ اظشح غ زه. ز١بره ف اغالعخ ثذخي ه ٠غر ازسشوخ اذسح فز ااػ ثبزسى. خغذن

ز ػ االعزشاس ٠غزط١غ ال ى ٠ ثؼذ ٠ب اشائغ االزغبط ثفظ ٠ى ا رزلغ ػذب ٠خزه خغه فا

. ٠بس ث اسبخ


رس١ فف ح

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

. ؼب ازؼب فب اشأح ػ ٠دت ؼ١خ خقبئـ شزخ ،ى ، شاز ثأسثؼخ ٠ش اشأح خغ أ


: دزؼ ،افزبذ ل٠ س٠بم ،رخط١و،رشاثو اثذاع:فغ ػب١ خغذ٠ هبل: ،خغذ 25ا0:اذ: اال اشز

(ابعجبد) االخزبػ١ اؾبسو اخشج

غ اطبل لخ: دزؼ افظ ػ ازؼج١ش: فغ اضاج ف خقث،ؽ،رغ١ش:خغذ أ٠ب4ا3:اذح اثب١ اشز

(....اشز ثز ػب١ رى االخزبػ١ اؾبسوبد افش٠ك


Student’s Health

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0356

Title of Research: Effect of Talbinah Food Consumption on Depressive Symptoms

Among Medical Student Females at KAU

Name of

Presenter: ثدش خؼفش ػجذاشصاق سث


Food is an important factor that influences mood and depression .Talbinah is a food that

recommended by the Prophet Mohammad (SAW) when sad events happen for its effect on

soothing hearts and relieving sadness.

Objective: As Muslim dietitians we want to emphasis the positive effect of - Talbinah on

depression scientifically to relive the Sunnah. To lead people to use evidence-based

alternative medicine. Reduce the use of antidepressant medications and avoid their side

effect. We expect Talbinah has a strong positive effect on depressive symptoms.


Design: Four weeks randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of

talbinah food consumption. A sample of (42) depressed subjects aged between (19-23) was

selected from Female Medical Campus at King-Abdulaziz University . Self-administered

questionnaires were used included Food Frequency Questionnaire, Beck Depression

Inventory (BDI-II) and Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE). Beck Depression

Inventory was administered twice before and after the intervention to determine depression

level

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

There was no significant difference between the intervention and non-intervention groups in

regard to the depression score post Talbinah intervention. Although the difference is

insignificant between the two groups but the depression score was decrease in the

intervention group (score=8.69±6.53) compared to the non-intervention group (13.3±8.1).


Finally , we recommend to function MRI in diagnosing depressed subjects , to increase the

awareness of using prophetic medicine by making workshop and community work. Further

studies are needed to investgate the relashionship between talbinah and depresstion


Abstract No.: 4423

Title of Research: Prevalence, Habits, and Outcomes of Wearing Contact Lenses among

Medical Students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Name of

Presenter: عشاج سذ صوش٠ب ذ٠


Contact lenses (CLs) have been prescribed since more than a century. However,

complications can occur if users fail to take necessary hygienic precautions. Objectives: To

determine the prevalence, cause of use, awareness, hygienic practices and complications

related to CLs among medical students in King Abdulaziz University (KAU).


A cross-sectional study was done; using a multi-stage stratified random sampling selected

536 medical students. A self-administered, validated, confidential questionnaire was utilized.

It contained questions about CLs usage, hygienic practices, and complications. Both

descriptive and inferential statistics were done.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Prevalence of current using of CLs was 40.5%. Female ware CLs significantly higher than

males (OR=8.38; 95% CI: 5.2-13.3). Second years‟ students had the highest prevalence of

CLs usage. Cosmetic purpose was the commonest reason for wearing. Sharing lenses

(16.6%), sleeping in it (29.9%) and water exposure in swimming (24.6%) or showering

(29%) occurred. Only 16.6% cleaned their CLs daily. Conjunctivitis (18.9%) and acute red

eye (19.8%) were the commonest complications, while, other complications occurred but less

frequently.


A relatively high rate of using CLs was prevailed. Females and Second-year students had

highest rates of CLs usage. Participants had good knowledge; however, unhygienic CLs

related behaviors were prevailed among some users. Acute red eye and conjunctivitis were

the commonest complications. Provision of sound educational messages about CLs hygienic

practices in mass media is needed. Ophthalmologist and people in dispensing shops need to

provide training on sound use. Early treatment of complications is needed.


Abstract No.: 5353

Title of Research:

Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitude Toward Needle Stick Injuries

Among Dental Students at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital

in Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: فبد اىش٠ ػجذ زقش سصا


Needle stick injury is one of the common occupational hazards in dental profession. Serious

infectious diseases could be transmitted by these injuries, such as: hepatitis B, hepatitis C,

and human immunodeficiency virus. This study aims to evaluate the level of awareness,

knowledge and attitude of dental students at King Abdulaziz University-Jeddah.


A self-administered close-ended questionnaire was randomly distributed among 227

undergraduate dental students and interns. Their responses were statistically analyzed using

SPSS.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

About 40.5% of the participants were males while 59.5% were females. A gradual increase in

needle stick injury incidence was reported in regards to seniority in dental school, in which

sixth year dental students and interns reflect the highest percentages (25.6% for each).

Although there is a reporting protocol at King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry,

40.3% of the exposed participants were not familiar with this protocol. Certain attitudes of

the students were noticed in the way of treating the needles after usage, wound washing after

exposure, having their vaccinations against hepatitis B, and whom to contact first after such

exposure. According to these parameters, they were divided into positive and negative

attitudes. Of all participants with negative attitude, 92.6% of them were having an adequate

level of knowledge and awareness about diseases transmission through needle stick injury.


This study indicated an adequate level of knowledge and awareness regarding needle stick

injury transmitted infectious diseases among dental students. Although there is a considerable

negative attitude reported in those who are having good knowledge.


Abstract No.: 5468

Title of Research: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Waterpipe Smoking

among Health Science Students at King Abdul-Aziz University

Name of

Presenter: اعب سذ سذفص اثزغب


Waterpipe smoking is one of many methods of smoking. It is a traditional habit in the Middle

East. The prevalence of waterpipe smoking in the Arabian Gulf region is 9%-16%. Waterpipe

smoking produces toxins similar to those in cigarette smoke. It is also associated with

substantial health risks.There are many motivational factors to smoke a waterpipe.The

purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of waterpipe smoking among health

science students and to assess their knowledge, attitude and motives regarding this practice


This was a cross-sectional study of King-Abdul-Aziz University Health Science students. Our

sample size was 700, estimated at a level of significance of α < 0.05 and a confidence interval

(CI) of 90. The participants were selected using the multi-stage stratified random sampling

technique. A validated self-administered questionnaire in English was used

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Seven hundred and twenty-one participants were selected for analysis. The sample population

was 45.1% males (n=325) and 54.9% females (n=396). Prevalence of waterpipe smoking was

found to be 16.1%. The most common motives for smoking were found to be socialization

with friends, relaxation and taste. Most of the students were aware of waterpipe smoking

effects on their health.


There is a high prevalence of waterpipe smoking among medical students in King Abdul-

Aziz University. Sharing waterpipes with others was common, especially among males, and

the majority of students thought that they could quit this habit.


Abstract No.: 6189

Title of Research: A Comparative Study of Orthodontic Pain Perception between

Children and Adults at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

Name of

Presenter: ػجذاىش٠ سذ ػجذافزبذ سبد


Orthodontic treatment is perceived as a painful procedure by most of the patients. There are

several studies that correlate pain with age, it was reported that perception of pain in younger

patients was less than in older patients, while in other studies there was no difference in pain

perception between young and adult patients.


Patients undergoing pre-adjusted edgewise fixed orthodontic appliance treatment were

recruited from the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdul-Aziz

University, Saudi Arabia- Jeddah. the patients were requested to answer an Arabic electronic

questionnaire using IPads. The questionnaire consisted of two sections, the two sections were

about the evaluation of the nature of pain they anticipated before the treatment, followed by

the evaluation of pain they experienced after the bonding. Most questions were answered by

using the numeric rating scale (NRS).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

In a sample of 120 patients, 80% Above 17 years old and 40% were 17 years old and below. 83.3% of

the patients expected to feel pain during orthodontic treatment. There was significant difference

between the adults and children in their level of anticipated pain (P=0.019). In reference to the type of

pain experienced after the bonding of pre-adjusted edgewise fixed orthodontic appliance, the majority

(15%) scored 5 on NRS, while 14.2% scored 8 on NRS after the adjusting visit. However, no

significant age differences were found. Regarding the peak of pain experienced throughout the

treatment, there was significant difference between adults and children (P=0.001).


There is a significant difference between the adults and children in the level of expected pain

and the peak of pain. While there is no significant age difference regarding the experienced

pain level.


Abstract No.: 5878

Title of Research: Skin care routine among female medical students at king abdulaziz

university hospital (KAUH) , Jeddah , Saudi arabia.

Name of

Presenter: ام١ط هللا ػط١ بش ػذ


Skin care is an essential part of personal hygiene and well-being. The proper care of skin is

important because unclean skin favors the development of pathogenic organisms and

infections


Cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was conducted to 300 Female

students at KAUH .There was no exclusion criteria.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 300 female medical students were included in our study, (93.0%) of them were Saudi.

Combination skin was the most common skin type, Most of the female students (76.7%) do not follow

regular skin care routine.

66% of students don‟t use sun-block before sun-exposure and 29% have a past history of sunburn.

The most skin product used was body lotions or moisturizer (74.0%), sunscreen used by (30.0%) of

the study sample .

Regarding choosing make up products, The most factors matters to our students were : Brand of the

product(68.7%) and friend‟s recommendation (51.3%) ,only 32% had concerns about the price of the

product.

(48.7%) never cared to check the makeup Ingredients , (38.7 %) of our students have a history of skin

reaction to some cosmetics and (45.0%) never consulted a dermatologist for their skin problems nor

for their opinion before choosing skin products.


Our society needs to be more educated about the importance of getting a proper skin care

routine, further studies with bigger sample size and wider distribution of the questioner is

advisable.


Abstract No.: 4918

Title of Research: Health Promoting Lifestyle Behaviours and Associated Factors among

Medical Students in a Saudi University

Name of

Presenter: ػجذااعغ سذ خبذ زغ


Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide

especially in developing countries. it accounts for around 60% of all deaths globally. The

adolescent and youth period is very important for adopting any health related behaviors

because it will continue throughout adulthood. Health promotion is the main strategy for

adopting healthy lifestyle and Non-communicable diseases prevention.


This cross-sectional descriptive study of medical students in their fourth to sixth year at King

Abdul-Aziz University Medical School in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia occurred

between May and June 2016. The data was acquired using a survey that contained socio-

demographic questions and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile Scale II (HPLPS)

questions. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel, while the data analysis was conducted

using SPSS version 21.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The mean age of the participants was 21.6 ± 1.0 years. The overall prevalence of smoking

among the participants was 9.5%. The HPLPS score means were 124.74±20.37 for fourth-

year students, 121.74+19.24 for fifth-year students, and 121.84+18.04 for sixth-year students.

The total HPLPS score mean was 2.4±0.4. Self-realization had the highest mean score

(25.21±4.95), and physical activity had the lowest mean score (16.53±5.24 points). When the

overall HPLPS score was calculated, no statistically significant variation was found between

the genders and those with chronic diseases.


The results showed that the students risky health-related behaviors must be identified. In

addition, the university could host events in which the student can attend and participate.

Finally, the university should raise awareness towards health promotion.


Abstract No.: 5604

Title of Research: Clinical Anxiety Among Postgraduate Pedodontist Students In Jeddah

City.

Name of

Presenter: بؽ زض ز١ذ زض


Anxiety is potentially problematic for both patients and dentists. The origins of dentist

anxiety in the dental clinic have a complex and multifactorial psychological and

physiological etiology.(1)

Anxiety is a psychological and physiological state composed of feeling of worry,

nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome.


All registered postgraduate dental pedodontist students in the city of Jeddah were invited to

participate in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed electronically to

60 postgraduate pedodontist students. The questionnaire is composed of fifty-five questions

that investigates demographic part, academic and clinical related situations including

investigations, diagnosis, treatments and complications in treatment.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The Level of investigations and diagnosis and treatments of the patients with respects of the

postgraduate level and gender, were the top anxiety provoking situations for both male and

female.

The senior postgraduate in their final year were more likely to be anxious during clinical

diagnosis and investigations than the 1st year postgraduate


This pilot study attempted to investigate the clinical anxiety from various perspectives and

results can be explained by the increased awareness, detailed understanding and handling of

the patients by senior postgraduate students compared to junior students. A further

elaborative study with larger sample size is required to clearly understand clinical anxiety

among postgraduate dental students in general.


Abstract No.: 5808

Title of Research: ADHD Awareness among medical students

Name of

Presenter: اغ عب ػ٠ش ػجذاؼض٠ض


Early recognition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is needed to prevent its

psychosocial and educational consequences. We aimed to study ADHD awareness among

medical students and identify correlating and contributing factors to their lack of knowledge


A cross sectional study included 5th year medical students attending their pediatric rotation

from September 15, 2012 until June 15, 2013 at King Abdulaziz University hospital, Jeddah,

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A structured 25-item questionnaire was designed to examine their

demographics, educational experience, and awareness questions about ADHD.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Of 120 approached students, 111 were included with ages ranging from 20-29 years (mean 22) and

69% being females. Most students 69 (62%) were enrolled during their pediatric rotation and 97

(87%) already completed their psychiatry course. Although most students (67%) recognized ADHD,

only 13 (12%) categorized their level of knowledge as very good or excellent. Only 24% correctly

recognized ADHD subtypes and 58% did not know what is the initial required management step.

Only 19 students (17%) correctly recognized all ADHD features based on the DSM IV criteria with a

mean correct score of 69% (standard deviation 14). No correlations were found with their age, gender,

completing their pediatric/ psychiatry rotation, or specialty interests.


Medical student‟s level of knowledge about ADHD needs improvement. This has to be

corrected in order to improve early recognition and intervention. Increased ADHD education

and exposure during pediatric/neuroscience modules are needed in our region.


Abstract No.: 5906

Title of Research: Anxiety Level of Dental Interns at King Abdulaziz University, Faculty

of Dentistry (KAUFD)

Name of

Presenter: امسطب ػ ث ػجذهللا ػبدي


Dental anxiety is not a dilemma for patients only but also for the dental professionals

themselves; and sometimes it renders the treatment more complicated to be accomplished

successfully. A study shown that 6th year dental students were reported as very anxious in in

the following situations: inability to meet requirements before exams, coping with

uncooperative children, getting infected by the patient and extracting the wrong tooth.

Another study shown that females were found to be more anxious than males for clinical

procedures. To our knowledge there are no studies that have focused on anxiety level among

dental interns and its relations to their GPA


To investigate the overall anxiety level of dental interns in different clinical situations, the

relationship between anxiety level and gender and the relationship between anxiety level and

GPA. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of

Dentistry. All dental Interns attended the internship training program between July 1st and

June 30th in the academic year 2015-2016 (128) were included in the study. An electronic

questionnaire was constructed on google forms and distributed through them. This survey

included questions that collected the following information; demographics, anxiety level in

the academic; communication, patient investigation, chief complaint diagnosis, patient

treatment and complications in treatment situations, and Dental Intern GPA

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The prevalence of slightly anxious interns in clinical academic situations was 63.3% and in clinical

complications in treatment situations was 34.4%. Female interns were more anxious than male interns

in the overall anxiety level, the differences were statistically significant. There was a significant

association between overall anxiety level and GPA


Anxiety level was higher in academic situations and complications in treatments. Female

interns were more anxious than male in chief complaint diagnosis. Anxiety level of (B)

students was higher than (A) and (C) students.


Women & Child

Health

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0291

Title of Research: Pediatric Neurology Workforce in Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: اذ ػجذهللا سذ ث١ب


The availability of pediatric neurologists remains a global problem. Strategic planning and

tackling issues related to optimizing the care of children with neurological disorders depend

on the manpower of the work force, which we aim to evaluate in this study.


Physicians practicing in the field of pediatric neurology in Saudi Arabia were identified and

contacted. A structured 30-item on-line survey was designed to examine their clinical

practice, experience, and supporting services.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 56 pediatric neurologists completed the survey, mostly (48%) practicing in the

capital city of Riyadh. Many of them worked alone (30%) or with only one other colleague

(21%). Based on their response, the estimated total number of pediatric neurologists across

the country is 75 with a ratio of 1.06 pediatric neurologists per 100,000 children <15 years of

age. They had very busy services with 66% evaluating more than 15 patients per clinic and

79% reporting difficulties in finishing on time. The majority (87.5%) felt overwhelmed which

correlated with working alone (p=0.002), having no assistant consultant (p=0.039), and

having no access to international sent-out laboratories (p=0.02). The overwhelming majority

(94.5%) reported needs for additional help in dealing with their patients, which correlated

with feeling overwhelmed (P=0.006).


Although the total number of pediatric neurologists across Saudi Arabia has improved

significantly over the last decade, their distribution remains uneven leading to shortages in

many regions. This results in excessive workload and affects the quality of the provided

services.


Abstract No.: 0821

Title of Research: Incidence Of Congenital Anomalies During Pregnancy And

Associated Risk Factors At University Hospital In Jeddah

Name of

Presenter: اس١ذس ػجذاشز ٠بعش ثؾبئش


The research was made to assess the frequency and nature of congenital malformations

(CMs), as well as the associated risk factors during conception, There were some issues in

paper work but, it was solved among few difficulties in finding some patient‟s information

back in 2012-2014 data at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi

Arabia.


A total of 9352 ultrasound (U/S) reports were studied retrospectively at KAUH. Data was

collected based on patient‟s records in the radiology information system from all pregnant

women scanned by U/S in the period between (2012 -2015).

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Seventy fetuses having congenital malformations (CMs) were diagnosed among 9352.

Incidences of anomalies were located in the head (61.4%), urinary system (20%), spine and

abdomen (8.6%), limbs (7.1%) and finally cardiorespiratory system (2.9%). Nationality,

consanguinity marriage, family history and maternal age constituted the most common risk

factors. Consanguineous marriage was present in more than a quarter and in a huge

percentage among Saudi citizens; 74.3% compared to non-Saudi 25.7%.


Several types of fetal CMs were detected in pregnant ladies at King Abdulaziz University

Hospital-Jeddah, in particular among Saudi citizens during the study period. Socioeconomic,

demographic and genetic factors are to be considered the most influential risk factors.


Abstract No.: 4473

Title of Research: Randomized clinical trial between hourly titrated and two hourly static

oral misoprostol solution for induction of labor

Name of

Presenter: اؼد ػش اشز ػجذ سب


Misoprostol is an effective agent for induction of labor. Existing guidelines recommend oral

misoprostol solution 25 μg 2-hourly. However, more research research is required to optimize

the use of oral misoprostol solution for induction of labor.

Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of hourly titrated-dose oral misoprostol solution

with 2-hourly static-dose oral misoprostol solution for labor induction.


In this randomized controlled study, oral misoprostol solution was administered as (1) 20 μg

hourly (≤4 doses), increased in the absence of regular uterine contractions to 40 μg hourly

(≤4 doses), and then to 60 μg hourly (≤16 doses) or (2) 25 μg 2-hourly until active labor

began (≤12 doses). A sample size of 146 was planned using a projected 95% rate for the

primary endpoint (vaginal delivery within 24 hours) for hourly titrated-dose misoprostol and

80% rate for 2- receiving hourly titrated-dose misoprostol solution and 48 (65.8%) receiving

2-adverse neonatal outcomes.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

From December 2013 to July 2015, 146 women were randomized to treatment. Demographic

and clinical factors were similar between groups, except for age. Vaginal delivery was

achieved within 24 hours in 47 women (64.4%) hourly static-dose misoprostol solution (P =

1.00). Rates of vaginal delivery within 24 hours did not differ significantly between treatment

groups for women who were nulliparous (P = 1.00) or had post-term pregnancies (P = .66),

Bishop score ≤3 (P = .84), or oxytocin augmentation (P = .83). Cesarean deliveries were

performed within 24 hours in nine women receiving hourly titrated-dose misoprostol

solution and two receiving 2-hourly static-dose misoprostol solution ( P=.056). pyrexia and

meconium-stained liquor occurred more frequently the hourly titrated-dose regimen.


the 2-hourly static-dose misoprostol solution has efficacy as hourly titrated-dose misoprostol

solution but with lower side effect and complication rate.


Abstract No.: 5030

Title of Research: Analysing Genetic Causes of Autosomal Recessive Microcephaly in

Patients of Western Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: ؽدس خضاس ػذ٠ سخبء


Background: Primary Autosomal Recessive Microcephaly (MCPH) is an inherited disease

characterized by small brain size compared to the normal. Consanguine marriages and large

sizes families have an impact on epidemiology of microcephaly in Saudi Arabia. Objective:

Our aim is to improve diagnosis by providing clinicians with advance genetic tools

subsequently promote genetic counselling among affected families by making critical

analysis and also contribute to health care in the Saudi Arabia by raising the bar of student

research, establishing parental diagnosis, managing and minimizing disease occurrence.


Participants: Five families A to E with primary microcephaly were recruited and blood was

drawn from each family member. Methods: Following the DNA extraction, Gene Scan

analysis was performed to find any linkage with known genes, which was followed by DNA

sequencing.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Families A, C and E were linked with the ASPM gene. Sanger sequencing resulted in

previously reported mutations in exon 18 i.e. c.6096G>A, c.9203 T>A and c.9059C>A.


ASPM gene seems to be common in ethnic Saudi population but further studies are needed to

find out other causative genes to lower the burden of microcephaly in this population.

Genetic counselling is highly recommended for and high risk couples should be

recommended for pre-implantation based IVF procedure to reduce the incidence of MCPH.


Abstract No.: 5193

Title of Research: Women Views Regarding Cesarean Section in Jeddah

Name of

Presenter: ع١ب سذ ع١ش د١


Women regarding caesarean section in Jeddah city‟


Questionnaire with question closed and open

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The view of women regarding the Caesarean section, there is no relationship of mother to

know about the concept of a cesarean section, their level of education, job level and in the

availability of the Health Insurance, and healthy place to conduct caesarean section‟


Lack of full awareness of women about the concept of a cesarean section and recommend

health professionals working in the health to provide information in the best ways for women,

pregnant women and awareness aspects of their advantages and disadvantages

We recommend researchers to expand the scope of research in KSA for women's views about

cesarean section to determine which areas of weakness and solved


Abstract No.: 5628

Title of Research: Ameliorative Effect of 6-gingerol in Diabetic Animals

Name of

Presenter: ١ر ث ػجذهللا ؾب اص


Diabetes mellitus is a major endocrine disorder and one of the most growing health problems

in most countries. Several studies showed the effects of many medicinal plants like ginger

against diabetes and its complication. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-gingerol,

a main constituent of ginger on normal and diabetic rats.


Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). Rats

were divided into 4 groups (n= 6-8); control group, diabetic group, control group and diabetic

group treated with 6-gingerol (75 mg/kg) orally for 7 weeks. Body weight was recorded

weekly. At the end of the 7th week, the rats were kept in metabolic cages for 24 hours to

measure water intake and urine output. Also, blood glucose level was measured.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The diabetic rats showed a significant increase in blood glucose level, water intake and urine

output while showed a significantly decreased body weight compared with control rats. The

diabetic rats treated with 6-gingerol showed significantly reduced blood glucose levels, water

intake and urine output compared with the diabetic group but there was no significant

amelioration in the body weight. There were no significant changes in previous parameters

between the control and control rats treated with 6-gingerol


In conclusion, the present study indicates that 6-gingerol has ameliorated effect on the

diabetic rats and this study recommended further research to investigate the effects of 6-

gingerol on the complications of diabetes at different doses and periods, as well the other

compounds of ginger.


Abstract No.: 5652

Title of Research: Breastfeeding experience among postpartum women

Name of

Presenter: ا١ث زذ فشج د٠ب


Young mother initiate breastfeeding earlier than old mother but they are discontinue

breastfeeding quickly. From previous studies we discover that there are biological,

psychological and social factors that influencing the continuation of breast feeding Aim:

Determine the breastfeeding experience among young women.


A cross sectional descriptive study design had been utilized for this study. Sitting: The study

carried out in out-patient well baby clinic at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital. Sample:

The estimated sample size is 100 participants of mothers including all postnatal women who

are practice/practiced breastfeeding, less than 30 years old and has no surgical and medical

condition. Data collection: Data has been collected by using structured questionnaire about

sociodemographic data, knowledge about infant feeding type and women experience of

breastfeeding sent online for young women who are less than 35 years old and has no surgical

and medical condition. Data analysis: data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 19

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

We found in our study that there are many factors that affect women discontinuation of

breastfeeding. The three top factors are child weaned him/herself, insufficient milk supply

and returned to work or school.


It is recommended that the health care provided intervene with appropriate interventions to

enhance breastfeeding. Women who have low levels of education and are young need

additional attention and support to initiate and maintain breastfeeding to benefit both mother

and child.


Abstract No.: 6079

Title of Research: Traditional Practice during Post-partum among Saudi Women at King

Abdul-Aziz University Hospital in Jeddah City

Name of

Presenter: ػشال ػش عشاج اعبء


The postpartum period is a very critical phase during women's life and her newborn child.

Postpartum period has been influenced by multiple cultural beliefs and practices transmitted

from generation to generation. Some traditional practices are beneficial to the mother and

baby Aim: The aim of this study was explored postpartum traditional practices among Saudi

women.


Study Design: Quantitative descriptive design

Setting: conducted in outpatient obstetrical clinic at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital

(KAUH) Sampling: A convenience sample of 85 women Tools: An interviewing assessment

sheet consisted of two parts was designed by the researcher to collect data. Analysis: Data

was analyzed using SPSS windows statistical package version 22

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The present study revealed that the majority of women (97.6%) were take shower during post-partum

period and more than three quarter (77.6%) of them used abdominal corset during puerperium because

they believed that it prevent sagging abdomen. Also more than half (54.7%) of women were added

others herbs. However (85.9%) were added special herbs in their drinks during puerperium; the most

common used herbs were Almajelb (31.1%) followed by Cinnamon (19.2%), while about one third

(34.1%) of women wrapped baby's waist with abdominal belt and most of them (82.8%) stated that it

helps umbilical healing.


Conclusion: Traditional postpartum beliefs and practices are common among Saudi women.

Recognizing the issues associated with traditional postpartum practices is critical to improve

better targeting health education programs. Recommendation: updated Information

concerning postpartum health practices and dietary should be disseminated to women.


Abstract No.: 6085

Title of Research: Delayed Primary Vaccinations And Their Justifying Reasons For

Children Aging 0 To 3 Years In Jeddah -Saudi Arabia

Name of

Presenter: اثادذا٠ فذ٠ك زغ ١شاي


Vaccination is considered the first line defense and a very cost effective method in primary

health interventions that improves children wellbeing.

Until now, vaccination coverage hasn‟t been optimal all over the world, even in the

developed countries, in addition, good infections control and prevention require not only high

coverage level but also the administration of vaccinations on their scheduled time.

Delayed vaccinations have become a major obstacle faced by health officials, as it can cause

children many preventable infections that can effect their physical and psychological well

being


Cross-sectional study that took place in Jeddah.Data were obtained from informed parents of

children aging (0-3 years), using a structured questionnaire comprising of questions about

socio-demographics, child‟s physical well being and possible reasons to justify delayed

vaccinations if present. Vaccinations were considered delayed if occurred four or more weeks

after the designated time based on the primary vaccination schedule.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Total number of participants is 380 child, (52%) of them were of Saudi nationality, and the

vaccinations delays were observed among 102 children (~27%).Around half of the delay were

associated with children aging 7-18 months (P-value < .005). Travelling at the time of vaccination

was the most common reason for delay (~20%), followed by the unavailability of the vaccine in the

health care facility (17%).


The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that there was an alarming increase of

18% in the incidence of delayed vaccines when compared to a previous research done in the

same area.

Therefore, modifications in the scheduling process and availableness of vaccines are needed

by the ministry of health to decrease the rate of delay. Also, we need more awareness

programs for the parents about the importance of vaccinating on time and the consequences

of delay as well as education about the true and false contraindications to immunization


Abstract No.: 0573

Title of Research:

Postpartum Depression among Saudi Women Visiting Well Baby

Clinic at Primary Health Care Centers in Jeddah: A Cross-Sectional

Study

Name of

Presenter: اضشا ػك ش٠ظ عؼ١ذ


Postpartum depression (PPD) is a moderate to severe psychological disorders affects mothers

after having a child. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of postpartum

depression among mothers who visiting well baby clinic at Jeddah, and to determine the

associated risk factors of postpartum depression


Thirteen PHC centers has chosen from five sectors by using stratified sampling (proportional

allocation). Due the lack of time and the participation in the eighth scientific forum of King

Abdulaziz University, only 137 women of 247 women (actual sample size) A systematic

random sampling was used during the period 1 Sep. – 15 Nov. 2016.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Of the 137 postpartum females, the prevalence of PPD was 62 (45%). These results suggest

that antenatal depression, gender of child, and husband's support are significant risk factors

for PPD (adjusted OR. 7.856, 95% CI. .21–.99, P=0.048) (adjusted OR. .451, 95% CI. 1.56–

39.48, P=0.012) (adjusted OR. .181, 95% CI. .065–.51, P=0.001), respectively.


The Postpartum depression was high among women visiting well baby clinics in PHCCs in

Jeddah unlike the prevalence worldwide. Depressive symptoms were associated with

antenatal depression, gender of the child, and husband's support.


Surgical

Specialties /

Pharmacy (2)

Abstracts


Abstract No.: 0420

Title of Research: Quality Assurance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using "ACR"

Phantom

Name of

Presenter: اعىذسا فبئك ػ أزذ آ٠


Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical modality known for high

quality soft tissue scanning aiding clinical diagnosis, thus quality assurance (QA) tests must

be performed to maintain machine‟s efficiency; that process is done by imaging phantoms

which mimic human organs. Objectives: The study aims to prove that a special phantom

developed by American College of Radiology (ACR) has the ability to replace MRI

machine‟s manufacturer phantom, also to demonstrate that QA tests can be done by radiology

technologists as well as medical physicists.


Materials: A manufacturer & an ACR phantoms were scanned in two MRI machines with

dissimilar field strengths seperetly. Methods: The scan began by positioing them on MRI

table & acquiring suitable sequences for optimum images, the phantoms then had some QA

tests done on these images for further assessments.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Each images group had been calculated using mathematical equations based on the QA tests,

after carefuly analyzing all results; ACR phantom showed more image variations which

helped achieve the outcome supporting the aims of this study, this was determined based on

the criteria given by the ACR.


When performing QA tests; the study showed a smooth function when dealing with ACR

phantom compared to manufacturer phantom. ACR distinguished itself by its characterstics &

made it easier for radiology technologists to carry out these tests alongside medical

physicists, and this proved that ACR phantom should in fact replace the manufacturer

phantom.


Abstract No.: 1305

Title of Research:

Knowledge and Views; Smoking and its Effect on Wound Healing

Process among Postoperative Patients at King Abdul-Aziz University

Hospital

Name of

Presenter: اثػ١فخ زغ سمب وثش


Smoking have major effect on delay wound healing and infection. Additionally, most patients

do not have knowledge about the effect of smoking in wound healing and they need to be

arranged at any smoking cession program before surgery to minimize wound healing

complication that caused by smoking. Aim: to identify level of knowledge and views about

the effect of smoking on wound healing process among postoperative patients.


Design: Quantitative descriptive study was used in this research. Setting: king Abdulaziz

university hospital in Jeddah from different units Sample: purposive sample was around 73

surgical adult patients both gender male and female. Tools: 1. A self-administered

questionnaire to measure level of surgical patient knowledge regarding effect of smoking on

wound healing process . 2 Likert scale to assess surgical patients views regarding effect of

smoking on wound healing.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

17.8% were smoker. More than one third (35.6% ) were strongly agree about the negative

effect of smoking in wound healing. Additionally the majority believed in quitting smoking 4

weeks or longer before surgery will significantly reduce postoperative complication.


Conclusion: More than one-third of the study sample were verbated strongly agree as regard

their views about smoking affects negatively on postoperative wound healing .

Recommendation: Further researches about the effect of preoperative smoking cessation

program on the postoperative wound healing.


Abstract No.: 4493

Title of Research: Cellular Mechanisms of Designed Oxidative Stress Inducers with

Potent Anticancer Activities

Name of

Presenter: امشؽ هللا م١ف ػبدي سف


trans-Cinnamaldehyde and it's closely related aldehydes are safe natural compounds.

Although they exhibit interesting activities against various cancers, they are not ideal for drug

development due to their short half-life. we replaced the aldehyde warhead with isosteric 4H-

imidazole-4-one, an electron-withdrawing heterocyclic moiety.


We synthesized compounds that differ structurally in having different substituents at the N3.

The compounds were assayed for their cytotoxicity and mechanism of action as ROS

inducers

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Many of the synthesized compounds showed higher activities on colon, breast and hepatic

cancer cell lines than the parent trans-cinnamaldehyde. Compounds 3a, 3c, 3e and 3m

showed antiproliferative activity against several cancer cell lines at low micromolar IC50

values. Similar to parent, the colon cancer cell cycle analysis indicated cell cycle changes

consistent with increased oxidative stress leading to apoptosis. Compound 3e caused

elevation of all cell oxidative indicators of ROS such as decrease in glutathione, increased

malondialdehyde and suppression of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities.

dihydroethidium staining furnished more evidence of accumulation of the superoxide anion

radical within the HCT116 colon cancer cells. Nuclear fragmentation and increased caspase-3

further confirmed extensive apoptotic induction upon treatment of HCT116 cells compounds

3a and 3e. Changes in MCF7 cells were less revealing for ROS induction and increased

oxidative stress.


The compounds represent an example of efficient rescaffolding of a natural compound to a

highly potent drug-like analogues


Abstract No.: 5093

Title of Research:

The effect of a Polyphenol from Lychee Fruit (Oligonol) on abdominal

obesity, insulin resistance by (HOMA-IR) and lipids profile in

overweight and obese young healthy Saudi females

Name of

Presenter: اضشا ػط١ زغ١ ا


Obesity is a global health problem, increasing susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and

cardiovascular disease (CVD). A variety of products have been proposed as treatment with

varying degrees of success. Recent studies, suggested oligonol; an optimized phenolic

product mixture from lychee fruit polyphenols (LFP); as such treatment in Japanese

population. We aimed to investigate the effect of oligonol on obesity, insulin resistance by

(HOMA-IR) and lipids profile in healthy overweight and obese Saudi females.


A total of 60 Saudi healthy overweight and obese females were enrolled in a double blind

case/control study to take either Oligonol or placebo for 12 weeks without dietary restriction.

Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist and hip circumference), blood pressure

and fasting blood samples of participants were taken before , and at the end of study. Total

cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and insulin were measured. LDL-

cholesterol, HOMA-IR and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were calculated by equations.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

A total of 47 subjects completed the study, 25 in placebo group, and 22 in oligonol group. No

ill effects were noted in any participant. Oligonol reduced means of serum triglycerides

significantly (P=0.008), and improved mean AIP to near significance (P=0.054). In addition,

it prevented weight gain noted in placebo group, which exhibited significant increase in mean

weight (P= 0.036), WC (P=0.027), and HC (P= 0.047).


Oligonol could be suggested as future hypolipidemic and weight controlling agent for

overweight and obese Saudi females


Abstract No.: 5513

Title of Research: Liquid chromatogaphy-mass spectrometry of polyphrnol containing

fraction of Cola acuminata and its anticancer activity

Name of

Presenter: خجش٠ بس سذ ع


Worldwide, cancer is considered to be the main cause of death after heart disease, it is a

disease of a great interest and the search for anticancer compounds is ongoing. Presently, 60

% of chemotherapeutic drugs are from natural resources.


Cola accuminata seeds (white and pink) and pericarp of white seed were extracted with water

using electric mixer. The HPLC and mass spectrometry(LC/MS) were used to analyze

compounds present in the lyophilized extracts. The ethanolic extract prepared from the total

the dried white seed was examined for the anticancer activity using an in vitro test.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

HPLC chromatogram attached with MS allowed the identification of different polyphenols in

the lyophilized extracts of the seeds and pericarp. They are identified as: catechin, catechin-

epiafzlechin-phloroglucinol and phloroglucinol-phloroglucinol from white seed; caftaric acid,

phlobaphen and tannic acid from pericarp of white seed and tannic acid from pink seed. The

ethanolic extract prepared from the white seed showed anticancer activity.


The ethanolic extract of C. acuminate showed a significant anticancer activity against cell

line of liver cancer (HEPG2) followed by cell line of breast cancer (MCF7) and a low effect

against cell line of colon cancer (HCT116).Such study would confirm the anticancer potential

of this extract and paved the way for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical treatment options.


Abstract No.: 6031

Title of Research: Shamblin IV (Carotid Body Tumor)

Name of

Presenter: ثببس زغ١ زضح افبخ


Carotid body tumors are rare tumors arising from the paraganglionic cells of the carotid body,

which is present near the common carotid artery bifurcation. They characteristically present

as a slow growing, non-tender neck mass.

We present a case of a benign carotid body tumor of a large size, it compromised the patient‟s

airway, completely incased the carotid vessels, vagus and hypoglossal nerves ipsilaterally,

and reached the contralateral carotid vessels.


A case report of a 59-year-old male, presented with a large, left-sided neck mass that was

gradually progressing in size during the past 17 years. The patient had a tracheostomy tube

inserted at another hospital due to an impending airway obstruction. Upon examination, there

was a firm mass measuring around 5 x 7 cm with no lymph node enlargement. CT scan

revealed a 9.1 x 9 x 6.8cm left-sided neck mass reaching the contralateral carotid artery. After

a successful carotid balloon occlusion test, endovascular occlusion of the left carotid vessels

was performed to facilitate the surgical resection. During the operation, the vagus and

hypoglossal nerves were found to be encased by the tumor and had to be cut. The tumor was

completely resected after carotid arteries clamping and internal jugular vein ligation. The

patient was discharged 11 days later in a good condition.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

The tumor was resected successfully.


Proposing a new approach to large, challenging carotid body tumors, especially ones reaching

the skull base. Preoperative embolization of the internal, external, and common carotid

arteries facilitates intraoperative clamping, thus, the tumor resection.


Abstract No.: 5911

Title of Research: Zingerone protection in cardiac delayed repolarization in diabetic and

control animals

Name of

Presenter: ازث١ب ػجذهللا عفش فبء


Delayed cardiac repolarization is very critical cardiovascular risk factor that is associated

with several diseases, including cardiac dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. The current study

aimed to examine the protective effect of the ginger ingredient zingerone against the cardiac

delayed repolarization associated with diabetes.


Mature male wistar rodents ,six weeks old, were classified into four groups; control, diabetic

rats, diabetic treated with (20mg/kg/day), and control treated with zingerone. Diabetes was

induced experimentally in rats by (STZ,50 mg/kg i.p.injection, 14 days before medication

treatment ). After an additional 7 weeks; ECG were assessed and blood was collected for

biochemical measurement.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Zingerone administration significantly alleviated the prolonged cardiac repolarization observed in

diabetic rats as indicated by inhibiting the increases in QT, QTc, T peak trend intervals and PR

interval in diabetic rats. zingerone administration did not influence the hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.


Zingerone virtually abolished the development of cardiac delayed repolarization in diabetic

rats without affecting the developed hyperglycemia. It recommends using different dosage of

zingerone to alleviate the oxidative stress and improve the cardiac dysfunction caused by

diabetes. Further research is required to find out the exact mechanisms of zingerone

responsible for protective effect against cardiovascular complication.


Abstract No.: 1287

Title of Research: Risk factors for developing different types of strabismus in prenatal

and natal period

Name of

Presenter: ػجذااعغ سذ خبذ زغ


Strabismus is a common ocular disorder affecting 2-6% of children in the western countries.

It‟s important to detect this disorder early because unlike adults children vision may be

irreversibly impaired if not treated on time. There‟s no exact cause for development of

strabismus but some risk factors has been identified including genetic and hereditary factors.

We aim to identify the prevalence and risk factors associated with strabismus.


We analyzed a cross sectional data of 113 patient , who was diagnosed with strabismus in

KAUH, Jeddah , from 2012-2016 , by using a questionnaire asking about type of strabismus ,

medical and surgical history of the patient and parents , pre natal and natal history. data was

analyzed and correlated by SPSS.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Among 113 patients, mean age of diagnosis (in months ) is 49.37 , the most common type of

strabismus was esotropia 66 (58.4%). parents consanguinity wasn‟t a risk factor for

strabismus. 32 (28.3%) of our patients has a family history of strabismus 12 (37.5%) was first

degree relatives , while 81 (71.7%) doesn‟t have a family history . in antepartum history 45

(39.8%) of the patients mothers had multiple gestations , 27 (23.9%) with a prolonged labor ,

21 (18.6%) of patients mothers have been taking medications during pregnancy and has been

exposed to infections during pregnancy.


Parent consanguinity has not been associated with increased risk for developing strabismus,

however other factors were identified such as nationality and family history. Further studies

addressing a larger study population are recommended.


Abstract No.: 5606

Title of Research:

Prevalence of Anatomical variations and Pathology of The Maxillary

Sinus Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Scan in

Jeddah

Name of

Presenter: غشاخ ػجذهللا ػجذاشز زضح


Maxillary sinuses are one pair of the paranasal sinuses in the head and neck region that are

lined by Schneiderian membrane. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a 3D

imaging modality considered as a preoperative diagnostic tool for implant, augmentation

procedures related to maxillary sinus and, sinus diseases detection.


This retrospective study included examination of CBCT images of 500 maxillary sinuses of

250 patients (137 females, 113 males). The CBCT images were taken using I-CAT cone

beam computed tomography as part of the patient‟s dental care.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Frequency of presence of teeth related to sinus wall anterior border is 81.6%. Frequency of

presence of the teeth roots in intimate relationship with sinus floor is 84.8%. Frequency of

presence of mucosal thickening (MT) in right side is 56.8% and, in left side is 57.2%. The

most common MT extent is generalized and, the most common MT configuration is irregular.

Frequency of presence of MT related to tooth is 17.6%. The MT radiodensity is (70% for soft

tissue, 0.8% for hard tissue& 0.4% for both).


The prevalence of maxillary sinus pathology in CBCT images of 250 patients is high 71.2%.

Pre-operative radiograph using CBCT is highly recommended for dental implant placement

and, for assessment of maxillary sinus disease prior to surgical intervention will provide high

quality treatment and decrease the risk of complications in dental care.


Abstract No.: 5971

Title of Research: Prevalence Of Surgically Treated Strabismus Types Among King

Abdulaziz University Hospital Patients

Name of

Presenter: اسبد ػ١ذ أزذ فاص


Background: Strabismus is a common abnormality that approximately affects up to 4% of

preschool children in the United States. The different types of strabismus are named

according to the direction of the misalignment : Esotropia, Exotropia, Vertical (Hypertropia

or Hypotropia) deviation. Strabismus may cause visual problems during development.

Surgical or non-surgical methods are used to treat strabismus.

Objective: To determine the most common type of surgically treated strabismus and the most

frequent type of surgery used to correct it at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in

Jeddah.


Methodology: A retrospective study was done on a total of 329 patients

records who had strabismus in different ages from 2010 to 2016. The qualitative variables

were shown as percent and frequencies in point view of strabismus type and its correction

surgery.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS:

Results: Our study showed that the commonest strabismus type was Esotropia with a number of 178

patients (54.1%), and the most frequent surgery used to correct strabismus was medial rectus

Recession, which was done for a 247 patients (75.1%). And we found a relation between the age

group (less OR more than 18 years of age) and the type of strabismus (P Value < 0.001).


Conclusion: We found that the commonest type of surgically treated strabismus was

Esotropia, and medial rectus Recession is the most frequent type of surgery done to correct it.

While the type of strabismus seen was different between the two age groups, further studies

need to be done to confirm this relationship.

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