The Economic Effects of theOpioid Crisis in West Virginia

John Deskins, Ph.D.

November 2017

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

College of Business & Economics

West Virginia University

www.be.wvu.edu/bber

Copyright ©2017 by WVU Research Corporation

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Labor Force Participation

Percent of Civilian Non-institutionalized Population

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

U.S.

Opioid-Overdose Deaths, U.S.Deaths per 100,000 Population

Source: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics.Note: Rates are age-adjusted, except those for 2005 and 2009, which are calculated using data from WV Health Statistics Center.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

West Virginia

U.S.

Source: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics.Note: Rates are age-adjusted, except those for 2005 and 2009, which are calculated using data from WV Health Statistics Center.

Opioid-Overdose Deaths, U.S. and WVDeaths per 100,000 Population

WV, 2.8 in 2000 and 36.0 in 2015

US, 3.0 in 2000 and 10.4 in 2015

0

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2000 2015

Deaths per 100,000 Population

Opioid-Overdose Deaths by State

Source: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics.Note: Rates are age-adjusted. States with missing values are not shown.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Source: WV Health Statistics Center, Vital Statistics System 2015 Preliminary DataNote: The number of deaths is higher than the number of victims as one person can consume more than one type of opioid.

Opioid-Overdose Deaths by Type, WVNumber of Deaths

Oxycodone

FentanylHydrocodone

Other Opioid Drugs

Heroin

Heroin201

Oxycodone182

Fentanyl180

Hydrocodone113

Morphine76

Methadone32

Others132

638 Opioid Overdose Deaths in WV, by Type, 2015

Source: WV Health Statistics Center, Vital Statistics System 2015 Preliminary DataNote: The total adds to more than 638 as one person sometimes consumes more than one type of opioid.

72.4

66.5

129.9

96.0

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

West Virginia

U.S.

Opioid Prescribing Rates, WV and the U.S.

Prescriptions per 100 People

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Opioid Prescribing Rates, WV Counties, 2015

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Direct Economic Costs of the Opioid Crisis

1. Healthcare Costs2. Substance Abuse Treatment Costs 3. Criminal Justice Costs

Police protection costs Legal costs Correctional facilities costs Property loss due to opioid-related crimes

4. Productivity Loss Permanent income loss due to overdose death Reduced productive hours due to abuse/dependence Reduced productive hours due to incarceration

Source: Florence et al., Medical Care, 2016, 54: 901-906

Direct Economic Impacts of Opioid Crisis - Healthcare, Substance Abuse, and Criminal Justice, West Virginia, 2015

Jobs That Could Be Freed For Other Pursuits:

4,318

Productive Capacity That Could Be Devoted to Other Pursuits:

$322 Million

Economic Impact of Productivity Loss, Non-Fatal, 2015

Economic Impact of Productivity Loss for 2006-2015 Fatalities, 2015