the changing earth
DESCRIPTION
The Changing Earth. Chapter Eleven: Plate Tectonics. 11.1 Pangaea 11.2 Sea Floor Spreading 11.3 Plate Boundaries. 11.3 Plate boundaries. Imagine a single plate, moving in one direction on Earth’s surface. One edge of the plate—the divergent boundary —moves away from things. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Changing Earth
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Chapter Eleven: Plate Tectonics
• 11.1 Pangaea
• 11.2 Sea Floor Spreading
• 11.3 Plate Boundaries
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11.3 Plate boundaries• Imagine a single plate, moving in one direction
on Earth’s surface.• One edge of the plate—the divergent
boundary—moves away from things. • The opposite edge—called the leading edge or
convergent boundary bumps into anything in the way.
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11.3 Plate boundaries
• An edge of a lithospheric plate that slides by another plate is called a transform fault boundary.
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11.3 Divergent boundaries
• Divergent boundaries are found in the ocean as mid-ocean ridges.
• A divergent boundary is the line between two plates where they are moving apart.
• This type of boundary is found over the rising plume of a mantle convection cell.
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11.3 Divergent boundaries
• Divergent boundaries can also be found on continents as rift valleys.
• When a rift valley forms on land, it may eventually split the landmass.
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11.3 Convergent boundaries
• When oceanic plates collide, one subducts under the other.
• This forms a valley in the ocean floor called a trench.
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11.3 Convergent boundaries
• What happens if an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide?
• Which plate would subduct?
• The oceanic plate must subduct under the continental plate.
• A continental plate is simply too buoyant to subduct under an oceanic plate.
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11.3 Mountains and convergent boundaries
• What happens if an oceanic plate with a continent on it subducts under a continental plate?
• The continents cannot be sucked into the trench because their granite rocks.
• The two continents collide!
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11.3 Mountains and convergent boundaries
• Mountain ranges are formed when continents collide.
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11.3 Transform fault boundaries
• A good clue for locating transform faults is offsetting.
• When seen from above, the feature will appear to make a zig-zag.
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11.3 Slickenslides, evidence of plate boundaries
• The effect of rock moving against rock is evidence of plate boundaries.
• The rock surface moving to the right is called slickensides because it is smooth and polished.
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11.3 Earth’s lithospheric plates• Can you identify the three types of plate
boundaries labeled A, B, and C?.
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Geology Connection
• There are many volcanoes on the mainland of the United States.
• In the recorded history of Earth, more than 500 volcanoes have erupted.
Where to go for Volcanoes
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Activity
• Your book will recount part of the plate tectonics story.
• Use the graphic on this page and others in Chapter 11 to help you outline your story.
Make a Plate Tectonics Book