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The Benefits of Space-Based Technology for Human Rights under the Auspices of SDGs
Valentina Nardone Sapienza, University of Rome
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Space-Based ICTs
Development
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1985, The Missing Link. Report of the
Independent Commission for World-Wide
Telecommunications Development
-1992/1994 ITU-D
-the ‘economic and social development’ is an objective of the
ITU as a whole
2015, Transforming our World: The 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development
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“the spread of information and communications technology and global interconnectedness has great potential to
accelerate human progress, to bridge the digital divide and to develop knowledge societies”
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SUBSTANTIAL
role
Theyarepartoftheinfrastructurecreatedorre-launchedtoimplement
SDGs
FORMAL
role
Theyareusedasindicatorstomonitorandassesstheimplementa:onofSDGs;thedatacollectedareusedtoguidepolicy-makers
Impact of Space-Based ICTs on development is TWOFOLD
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SATELLITETELECOMMUNICATIONS
GOLBALACCESSINFORMATION
SOCIETY(GOAL10)
TELE-HEALTH(GOAL3)
TELE-EDUCATION(GOAL4)
IMPROVEGENDEREQUALITY(GOAL5)
ACCESSHIGHQUALITYJOBS
(GOAL8)
SUBSTANTIAL ROLE
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Development of Satellite Communication Capacity and Emergency Communication Solutions for the Pacific
2014 Samoa
ITU Inmarsat Intelsat ITSO
Kacific Broadband Satellites
PTE LTD
11
Pacific Islands
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FORMAL ROLE
Monitoring the implementation of
SDGs Furnish reliable data to influence choices
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SDG4–QUALITYEDUCATION
Target 4.4
Indicator 4. 4. 1 - Percentage of youth/
adults with information and communication
technology (ICT) skills by type of skill
SDG 5 – GENDER EQUALITY
Target 5.b
Indicator 5.b.1 – Proportion of
individuals who own a mobile telephone
SDG 9 - INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Target 9.c
Indicator 9.c.1 - Percentage of
population covered by mobile network, by
technology
SDG 17- PARTNERSHIP FOR
THE GOALS
Targets 17.6 & 17.8
Indicator 17.8.1 – Proportion of
individuals using the Internet
Indicator 17.6.2 – Fixed Internet broadband
subscription, by speed
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“We will support developing countries, particularly African countries, least developed countries, small island developing States and landlocked developing countries, in strengthening the capacity of
national statistical offices and data systems to ensure access to high-quality, timely, reliable and disaggregated data. We will promote transparent and accountable scaling-up of appropriate public-private cooperation to exploit the contribution to be made by a wide range of data, including earth
observation and geospatial information, while ensuring national ownership in supporting and tracking progress”. (para. 76)
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“Adoption of an open satellite data-collection and dissemination policy for sustainable economic and social development would be consistent with General Assembly resolution 41/65, entitled “Principles relating to remote sensing of the Earth from outer space”. In promoting data dissemination policies, States could also consider establishing programmes aimed at training and educating users in developing countries to receive
and interpret relevant satellite-based data and to make such data available, useful and accessible to domestic and international end users. The Group noted that some States already disseminate free remote
sensing data for the promotion of economic and social development. The Group also noted that the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2012, recognized the
important role that space science and technology play in promoting sustainable development”.
Para. 56 of the Report of the Group of Governmental Experts on Transparency and Confidence-Building Measures in Outer Space Activities, 2013.
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WORLD BANK & ESA • At Paris COP21 Climate Change Summit they signed a Memorandum of
Intent concerning the use by the WB of data and information delivered by ESA Earth Observation satellites from space
GOOGLE & FAO • They have recently agreed upon a three- year strategy that will make available
data from space more easily for users all over the world
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SDGs
&Hum
anRights
Foundation: “The new Agenda […] is grounded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, international
human rights treaties […]” (para. 10)
Guideline: “[…] the Agenda is to be implemented in a manner that is consistent with the rights and obligations of
States under international law ” (para. 18)
Aim: “We reaffirm the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as well as other international instruments relating to human rights […]. We emphasize the responsibilities of all States […] to respect, protect and promote human rights and fundamental
freedoms for all, […]” (para. 19)
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Civil and Political Rights
• Goals 5, 10, 16
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
• Goals 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Solidarity Rights
• Goals 12, 13, 14, 15
SDGS ARE RELEVANT FOR MANY HUMAN RIGHTS
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Space-Based ICTs
Development
Human Rights
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SUBSTANTIAL
role
TheyareusefultoimplementHRsobliga:ons
FORMAL
role
TheyarenecessarytomonitorHRsandinfluencechoicesinordertoimprovetheknowledge,respectandenforcementofHRs
Under the SDGs magnifying glass, the benefits of Space-Based ICTs for Human Rights are TWOFOLD
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Thank you for your kind attention!
Valentina Nardone +393458425432