the apache conflict (late 1860’s– 1885)
DESCRIPTION
Instigators of the Conflict The Apache conflict was started on the basis of federal troops trying to force Navajo and Apache Indian tribes to reservations The natives were forced to leave their lands in order for the United States government to utilize the land for mining, and settling, as well as farming. Men such as Gen. James Carleton, Gen. George Cook and Kit Carson were sent to the West to drive the natives to specific reservations.TRANSCRIPT
The Apache Conflict (Late 1860s 1885) Instigators of the
Conflict
The Apache conflict was started on the basis of federal troops
trying to force Navajo and Apache Indian tribes to reservations The
natives were forced to leave their lands in order for the United
States government to utilize the land for mining, and settling, as
well as farming. Men such as Gen. James Carleton, Gen. George Cook
and Kit Carson were sent to the West to drive the natives to
specific reservations. Instigators of the Conflict Continued
Tribal chiefs such as Barbonchito, Armijo, and Manuelito were the
first of the natives to surrender to these generals. More forts and
military encampments being built in Indian territory pressed for
Indian resistance Reasons for the Conflict
The Apache Indians were extremely resistant to being moved to
reservations. Gen. George Crooks campaign was entirely based on
retaliation on the basis of an Apache attack on an Arizona
settlement. Reasons for the Conflict Continued
When the Chiricuhua Indians were moved to the San Carlos
reservation, a man named Geronimo took half of the Indians present
and led them to fight against being forced to reside of
reservations. The Apache leader Cochise had personal qualms with
the United States forces and settlers, due to his son being
abducted. Battles of the Apache Conflict
Canyon de Shelly Over 3,000 Navajos surrendered and made a trek
across the frozen landscape to the reservation at Fort Sumner, in
which many of the Natives died due to extreme conditions and lack
of victuals. In 1882 Geronimo returns from his escape to Mexico
with 700 armed Natives, this force liberates the rest of the
Natives on the San Carlos Reservation. Battles of the Apache
Conflict Continued
1858 Mangas Colorados leads a raid on miners in order to force them
out of his homeland, after endeavoring to re move the miners
peacefully for years before. 1883 Gen. George Crook was put in
charge of the Arizona and New Mexico Reservations, along with 200
Apaches, he later found Geronimos camp, and persuaded him to return
to the San Carlos Reservation. Battles of the Apache Conflict
Continued
1880 The Alma Massacre occurred when Apaches raid a group of
miners, massacring them, and moving on to kill 35 sheepherders, but
flee when federal troops pursue them. 1881 The Batttle of Sibecue
erupts when a leader known as The Prophet preaches that Apache
warriors will be resurrected and eventually drive out the white
settlers. The battle occurs when federal troops are sent to arrest
The Prophet. The Prophet is killed along with several Apaches.
Battles of the Apache Conflict Continued
1883 The Lordsburg Massacre occurred when a judge and his family
are killed by Apaches while travelling, which is widely published,
and the settlers demand revenge. 1886 Gen. Nelson Miles takes over
the Apache campaign, he deploys 5,000 American soldiers, and 500
Native Scouts, as well as civilian militias to engage Geronimos
party, the party surrenders at Skeleton Canyon, Arizona Territory.
How the Conflict Impacted Relationships
Both sides were usually very unwilling to compromise on disputes.
The unwillingness to compromise led to a very war-like relationship
between the Apache and the United States Government. How the
Conflict Impacted Relationships Continued
The settlers fear of the Apache, and other Native groups led to the
creation of reservations. Many Native tribes believed in avenging
their brethrens deaths, and thus fought against the white settlers
more fiercely. Impact of the Apache Conflict on Western
Settlement
The victory against the Apache enabled western settlers to acquire
land and resources in the West. Works Cited