The Age of RevolutionsUnit 2: Part 1

I. England: The Glorious Revolution

Unit 2: Warm Up #1 –10/1/15

Write everything you remember about King Henry VIII…..

Vocabulary and Background

Parliament: English lawmaking body. House of Lords and the House of Commons

Protestant: a Christian who is NOT Catholic

The Church of England: EXACTLY the same as Catholicism except the head of the church is the KING (7 sacraments)

**DO NOT WRITE**

Henry VIII- leaves Catholicism and establishes the Church of England.

Mary (his daughter) Re-establishes Catholicism as the national religion and kills many protestants.

Queen Elizabeth Re-establishes the Church of England….she leaves NO heirs to the throne

A. Monarchs Defy Parliament

1. King James I (Catholic) and King Charles I (Catholic) both upset Parliament (lots of Protestants).2. Charles I signed the Petition of Right, which limited the monarchyand protected people’s rights.

*agreed to get their consent to tax

B. The English Civil War

1. After Charles I ignored the petition and continued to upset Parliament, the English Civil War broke out in 1642.

2. Oliver Cromwell led the Protestants against the Monarch. He won and became a dictator. 3. Charles I was executed.

C. The Restoration

1. Unhappy with a military rule, Parliament restored the monarchywith King Charles II in 1660 (after Cromwell's death).2. His brother, King James II’s Catholic beliefs and favoritism upset his subjects.

1. A bloodless overthrow of James II in 1688 led to the rule of Protestants Mary and William of Orange.2. This was known as the Glorious Revolution.

D. The Glorious Revolution

E. Limits on Monarch’s Power

1. England became a constitutional monarchy.2. The English Bill of Rightsin 1689 listed the things a ruler could not do and protected people’s rights.

II. The American

Revolution

A. American Independence

1. Britain’s American colonies were upset with King George IIIfor taxing them.2. In 1776, Thomas Jeffersonborrowed John Locke’s ideas and wrote the Declaration of Independence.

B. The Influence of the Enlightenment

1. Americans were influenced by Enlightenment ideas like consent of the governed, natural rights, separation of powers, democracy, free speech, religious toleration, rights of the accused, etc.

C. The American Revolution

1. France under King Louis XVI helped Americans fight their rival, Britain, in the American Revolutionary War.2. Americans shocked the world by winning their independence in 1783.

D. Americans Create a Republic

1. The Constitution outlined the American government’s structure.2. Using Montesquieu’s ideas, a federal system of government with three separate branches and a system of checks and balances was created.

D. Americans Create a Republic

3. Ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights were added to the Constitution to provide protections for the people.4. Many of these rights came from Voltaire, Rousseau, and Locke.