revolutions 2010
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Recap:What causes revolutions?
French Revolution
• Why? absolutism, hunger, debts and philosophers
• Who? King Louis XVI & “Madame Deficit”, USA!, Robespierre, peasants & middle class
French Rev.: Effects/Significance
• new form of gov. (temporarily)
• ends feudalism; people gain rights
• bloodshed! Great Fear and Reign of Terror
• serves as an example for other nations
• changes balance of power in Europe
Mexican Revolution 1910-20• Why? Dictator Diaz and land
• Who? Madero, Zapata, and Villa
• “tierra y libertad”
Effects/Significance
• big move towards democracy
• rights for the masses
• land reform
• change in relationship w/ the United States
• Why? “Peace, Land and Bread”
• Who? Nicholas II, Bolsheviks, Lenin, and Stalin
Russian Revolution
Effects/Significance
• Communism
• five year plans
• WW II
• Cold War
Chinese Revolutions
• Why? emperor, nationalism, lack of land ownership, and concentration of wealth
• Who? Sun Yat-sen, Mao Zedong, Red Guard, and peasants
Effects/Significance• communism!
• socioeconomic reforms
• Great Leap Forward
• Cultural Revolution
• Korean War
• death of millions!!!
Indian Revolution
• Why? British imperialism and desire to protect culture and resources
• Who? Gandhi, Nehru and the Indian National Congress
Effects/Significance
• Beginning of the end of British Imperialism
• India regains independence
• leads to the creation of Pakistan & Bangladesh
Cuban Revolution
• Why? Dictator Fulgencio Batista and the U.S. gov.
• HUGE gap between the rich and poor
• Who? Fidel Castro, Ernesto “Che” Guevara and peasants
Effect/Significance
• Communism
• fear of ”another Cuba”
• revolutionary icons
• C.I.A. operations
• Cuban Missile Crisis!
South Africa
• Cause: apartheid, self-rule, individual political and economic rights, int’l pressure
• Who? Nelson Mandela, ANC, F.W. deKlerk
• violent and nonviolent protests
Effects/Significance• End of the legacy of imperialism in S. Africa
• everyone can vote!
• equality!
• Nobel Peace Prizes
• no retribution
What Causes Revolutions?
• land (Russia, Mexico, Cuba, France)
• hunger (Russia, China, Mexico, France)
• end of dictators/monarchy (Russia, Cuba, China, Mexico, France)
• self rule/determination (Cuba, India, S. Africa)
• ideology (Russia, China, Cuba, France, S. Africa)
• desire for peace (Russia)