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The 20th century was the century of physics, the 21st century will be the century of biology (R. Williams, science journalist) THE BIOTECHNOLOGY STREAM Dr. Michael K Danquah Chemical Eng. Department Building 36, Room 213 Phone: 99053437

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Page 1: The 20th century was the century of physics, the 21st ... · The 20th century was the century of physics, the 21st century will be ... -Polishing Most expensive step:

The 20th century was the century of physics, the 21st century will be the century of biology(R. Williams, science journalist)

THE BIOTECHNOLOGY STREAM

Dr. Michael K DanquahChemical Eng. Department Building 36, Room 213Phone: 99053437

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Introduction to Subject - Definitions

Biotechnology: Biotechnology is the use of biology in industrial processes (e.g. drug development, energy, agriculture, and food / brewing). The term also refers to the production of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the manufacture of products from them. Much of the newer activity in biotechnology involves directly modifying the genetic material of living things.

Bioprocess engineering:A branch of chemical engineering that mainly deals with the design and construction of unit processes that involve biological organisms or biomolecules. Its applications are used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biotechnology, energy, food / beverage industries, and waste treatment.

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Biotechnology Industry Products: ExamplesBiotechnology Industry Products: Examples

1. Biomolecules (or biological molecules or biologicals or biopharmaceuticals)

2. Biomedical devices

- Imaging (x-ray, ultrasound etc)

- Detection devices (imprinted polymers)

- Health devices (braces, scaffolds etc)

3. Cells / tissue mass and general bioproducts

4. Biofuels: bio-diesel, bio-ethanol, bio-hydrogen etc

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Future Bioprocessing IndustryFuture Bioprocessing Industry

Food and Beverage

Penicillin

Amino acids

Selling price $ / kg 1010

Difficulty to produce

100

Therapeutic proteinsDNA / RNA

Vaccines

Gold

Monoclonal Antibodies (Insulin)

Enzymes

(Cancer prevention / treatment & immunologic diseases)

Future for biotechnology is bright !

Future for biotechnology is bright !

Companies are desperate to develop new biotechnology processes.

Companies are desperate to develop new biotechnology processes.

Market prices at 14th July 2008:

1.0 g pure plasmid DNA = $AUS 0.895 mil (www.geneart.com)

1.0 g gold = $AUS 35.07 (www.goldprice.org)

25 520 times more valuable than gold.

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Conversion of scientific knowledge into tangible productsConversion of scientific knowledge into tangible products

Development of novel scalable process schemes for bioproducts development

Development of novel scalable process schemes for bioproducts development

Biotechnology streamBiotechnology stream

Option Stream Units:

1 – CHE 3171 (Bioprocess Technology)

2 – BCH 2011 (Structure and Functions of Cellular Molecules)

3 – CHE 4171 (Biochemical Engineering)

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1. Selection:-Cell and vector- Media formulation- Pretreatment

1. Selection:-Cell and vector- Media formulation- Pretreatment

2. Conversion-Bioreactors/fermentors:

Small -> pilot -> industrial scale

2. Conversion-Bioreactors/fermentors:

Small -> pilot -> industrial scale

3. Initial Separation- Cell harvest-Cell disruption-Filtration

3. Initial Separation- Cell harvest-Cell disruption-Filtration

4. Product purification-Chromatography- Polishing

Most expensive step: 50–80% of cost.

4. Product purification-Chromatography- Polishing

Most expensive step: 50–80% of cost.

FormulationValidation (QC/QA)

Packaging Marketing

FormulationValidation (QC/QA)

Packaging Marketing

Bioprocess Flow Diagram

Bioprocess Flow Diagram

Upstream

Upstream

DownstreamDownstream

Midstream

Midstream

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Different Bioproducts

Biofuel

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Questions???


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