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Reading Booklet ® Thai 1

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Page 1: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

Reading Booklet

®

Thai 1

Page 2: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1

Booklet Design: Maia Kennedy

© and ‰ Recorded Program 2006 Simon & Schuster, Inc.

© Reading Booklet 2006 Simon & Schuster, Inc.Pimsleur® is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA.

All rights reserved.

Travelers should always check with their nation’s State Department for current advisories on local conditions before traveling abroad.

Page 3: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

VoicesEnglish-Speaking Instructor ............... Ray BrownThai-Speaking Instructor ........ Wipoo SriseubsaiFemale Thai Speaker .. Poonsub ThreepopnatkulMale Thai Speaker ................... Vachara Limtrajiti

course Writers

Sumalee Passaretti ◆ Elisabeth B. Heinle

editors

Dr. Ulrike S. Rettig ◆ Beverly D. Heinle

reVieWer

Chanisada Michel

executiVe Producer

Beverly D. Heinle

Producer & director

Sarah H. McInnis

recording engineersPeter S. Turpin ◆ Kelly Saux

Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA

Page 4: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................. 1The Thai Alphabet ................................................... 4 Consonant Classes ............................................. 7 Long Vowels ....................................................... 8 Short Vowels ......................................................... 9 Tonal Rules .......................................................... 10 Tonal Levels ........................................................ 13

Lesson 1 ................................................................... 14Lesson 2 ................................................................... 15Lesson 3 .................................................................. 16Lesson 4 ................................................................... 17Lesson 5 .................................................................. 18Lesson 6 ................................................................... 19Lesson 7 .................................................................. 20Lesson 8 .................................................................. 21Lesson 9 .................................................................. 22Lesson 10 .................................................................. 23Lesson 11 ................................................................... 24Lesson 12 .................................................................. 25Lesson 13 .................................................................. 26Lesson 14 .................................................................. 27Lesson 15 ...................................................................28Lesson 16 .................................................................. 29Lesson 17 ................................................................... 30Lesson 18 .................................................................. 31Lesson 19 .................................................................. 32Lesson 20 .................................................................. 33

Page 5: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

Thai 1Introduction

Standard Thai, the dialect spoken in this course, is also known as Central Thai or Siamese, and it is the official language of Thailand. Sometimes called the Bangkok Dialect, it is spoken by about 25 million people. The other main regional dialects are Northern Thai, spoken around Chiangmai; Northeastern Thai (Isan), spoken to the east of Korat; and Southern Thai, spoken south of Chumpon and into neighboring communities of northern Malaysia.

A full list of the Thai alphabet follows, along with a guide to the sounds represented by each letter. You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in mind that these equivalents are approximations only. Please refer first to the audio of the “Readings,” to hear the authentic sounds for yourself.

Page 6: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1

The Thai alphabet was probably derived from the Old Khmer script which is a southern Brahmic script. It is believed the Thai alphabet was created in 1283 by King Ramkhamhaeng the Great. Consonants are written horizontally from left to right, while the vowels are arranged above, below, to the left, or to the right of the corresponding consonant. Thai is usually written without spaces between words and without punctuation.

The Thai alphabet has 44 consonants, two of which are practically obsolete, representing 21 distinct consonant sounds. Consonants are grouped by “class,” i.e., by level or pitch. They can be mid, low, or high. There are 25-35 vowels, depending on whether you count combinations. The vowels are considered “long” or “short,” but there is no correlation to the English “long” or “short.” For example, the “a” as in “father” is a long vowel in Thai, as is the “a” as in “May,” the “aw” as in “awe,” and the “aah” as in “apple.” Thai vowel sounds and diphthongs are written using a mixture of vowel symbols, consonants, and combinations of vowel symbols. If a vowel has parts before and after the initial consonant, and the syllable starts with a consonant cluster, the split will go around the whole cluster.

Page 7: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1

The combination of the consonant class and the length of the vowel will determine the tone of the syllable / word. There are five tones: mid, low, high, rising, and falling. In addition, there are tonal markers which will change the tone of the word. A list of the tone rules and tonal markers follows the alphabet chart.

Page 8: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Consonant (Class)

Initial Sound Final Sound(if different)

ก (mid)between a k and a hard

gk

ข (high) k

ฃ (high)k (no longer used in modern Thai letters)

ค (low) k

ฅ (low)k (no longer used in modern Thai letters)

ฆ (low) k

ง (low) ng as in “sing”

จ (mid) j t

ฉ (high) ch as in “chair” t

ช (low) ch as in “chair” t

ซ (low) s t

ฌ (low) ch as in “chair” t

ญ (low) y n

Thai Alphabet

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Thai 1

Consonant (Class)

Initial Sound Final Sound(if different)

ฎ (mid) d t

ฏ (mid) between a d and a hard

tt

ฐ (high) t

ฑ (low) t

ฒ (low) t

ณ (low) n

ด (mid) d t

ต (mid)between a d and a hard

tt

ถ (high) t

ท (low) t

ธ (low) t

น (low) n

บ (mid) b p

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Thai 1

Consonant (Class)

Initial Sound Final Sound(if different)

ป (mid) between a b and a hard

pp

ผ (high) p

ฝ (high) f p

พ (low) p

ฟ (low) f p

ภ (low) p

ม (low) m

ย (low) y

ร (low) rolling r or rh n

ล (low) l n

ว (low) w

ศ (high) s t

ษ (high) s t

Page 11: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1

Consonant (Class)

Initial Sound Final Sound(if different)

ส (high) s t

ห (high) h as in “house” none

ฬ (low) l n

ฮ (low) h as in “house” none

อ (mid) no sound for initial

position-silent(see Long Vowels)

Consonant Classes

Class Consonant

mid ก จ ฎ ฏ ด ต บ ป อ

low

ค ฅ ฆ ง ช ซ ฌ ญ ฑ ฒ ณ ท ธ น พ ฟ ภ ม ย ร ล ว ฬ ฮ

highข ฃ ฉ ฐ ถ ผ ฝ ศ ษ ส ห

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Long Vowel Sound

-า ah as in father

- ee as in see

- er as in super

- ooh as in Winnie the Pooh

เ- ay as in May

แ- aah as in apple

โ- oh

-อ awe

- schwa - a / uh

-ย ai

-วย woy / ooh-ah-ee

-ว ua / ooh-ah

เ-ย combination of “ - ” and “ -า ” (ee-a)

เ-อ combination of “ – ” and “ -า ” (eu-a)

เ-อ er as in super

Long Vowels

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Long Vowel Sound

ไ- ai or y as in dinosaur or Thai

ใ- ai or y as in dinosaur or Thai

-า um as in rum

เ-า ou as in house

Short Vowels

Short Vowel Sound

-ะ u as in hut

- i as in sit

- short sound of “ – ” (uh)

- oo as in book

เ-ะ e in pet

แ-ะ a in map

โ-ะ oa as in oak

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เ-าะ short sound of “ -อ” (aw as in awe but shorter)

-วะ combination of “ - ” and “ -ะ”

เ-ยะ “ เ-ย ” but shorter

เ-อะ “ เ-อ ” but shorter

เ-อะ “ เ-อ ” but shorter

Tonal Rules

I. Without Tone Marks

Rule 1

Live Syllable - a syllable that ends in a long vowel or in “m,” “n,” “ng,” “w,” or “y”

Consonant Class

Live SyllableLong Vowel

(open)*

Live SyllableLive Ending (closed)**

Mid Mid Tone Mid Tone

High Rising Tone Rising Tone

Low Mid Tone Mid Tone

Page 15: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

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Thai 1

* Open Syllable - a syllable that contains a consonant and a vowel (CV)

** Closed Syllable - a syllable that contains a consonant, a vowel, and an ending consonant (CVC)

Rule 2

Dead Syllable - a syllable that ends in a short vowel, or in “k,” “p,” or “t”

ConsonantClass

Dead Syllable

Dead Syllable

Dead Syllable

Short Vowel(Open)

Dead Ending

(Closed)Short Vowel

Dead Ending

(Closed) Long Vowel

Mid Low Tone Low Tone Low Tone

High Low Tone Low Tone Low Tone

Low High Tone High Tone Falling Tone

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II. With Tone Marks – supercedes the rules in I, without Tone Marks.

Rule 3

ConsonantClass Mid Low

ToneFalling Tone

High Tone

Rising Tone

High Low Tone

Falling Tone None None

Low Falling Tone

High Tone None None

Note: A tone mark always appears on top of the initial consonant. If there is a vowel on top of the consonant, the tone mark will be on top of the vowel.

กา ก ร ปอ ปอ

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Level Mark Description

Mid-level <none>

Starts at the mid-point of the speaker’s vocal range and remains stable and constant during the pronunciation of the syllable

Low Starts slightly lower than Mid-level and remains stable and constant

Falling

Starts at the Mid-level Tone, rises as high as the High Tone, then drops abruptly

High

Starts at the Mid-level Tone and then rises

Rising

Starts at Mid-level, drops abruptly, and is then followed by a sweeping rise at the end of the syllable

Tonal Levels

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Thai 1Lesson One

ซาสาตาตมสซมายายนนางางซส

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Thai 1Lesson Two

ยนดดโดโตโสโซโม / มดาตา / ดาทาตาดาสา / ซาทา / ท

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Thai 1Lesson Three

โงมาบาโบโปปบ / ปม / ป / บได / ใดไทใบ ยาทา ไง ดไป ใน นามา ทา ไมไขไข / ไบ

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Thai 1Lesson Four

ใบไปไขไคไดคา / ดาคา นาดา นาหาหา มา หาหะ / บะ / นะสะซะขะ / ปะ / มะขา / ปา / มาคะ ขา

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Thai 1Lesson Five

ยะ / ยางะ / งาคะ / คาขะ / ขาดะ / ดาจจจะ ไปลรทะ ลป ปะม ทะ ลร หลา ไยระ บา

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Thai 1Lesson Six

อะ / อาไออะ ไรอไรรอ / จอ / ทอคอขอออเอโล เลโห เหเวเว ลาว รา ยาว ร ยะทะ เล

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Thai 1Lesson Seven

แกเกกอกรยาเฟอกา แฟไฟ แพเพอพอ ใจฬกานาฬกาสาลกาจอ / แจ / เจ / เจอวอ / แว / เว / เวอจฬา

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Thai 1Lesson Eight

แช / แฉแซแชม / แฉมซาย / ชายชาว / ฉาวฉายเออ / เอนแฟน กางเกงทม / เทมก / กนบ / บนต / ตงย / ยงก / กน / เกอ / เกนล / ลง / เลอ / เลน

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Thai 1Lesson Nine

ฉนฟนมนพงผงอมฝงฝนฝยใฝ / ไฝกย / ใก / ไกศยซยคยแศน / แสนเดน

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Thai 1Lesson Ten

ยงงยงววงววหว ววษวบวเก ศาเษาเภาเพ ลาสา เภาภาษาอมภาเอา

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Thai 1Lesson Eleven

เราเกา / เกาภาษา เกาเภา / เภาเทา / เทาสาม เทาสาม เทา ตวเขา / เขาเขา ม เขา ดขาว / ขาวเขา ม ขาว ดถว / ถวฉน กน ถวสาม ส / สาม สนาท / นาทส นาท

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Thai 1Lesson Twelve

หว / ฮวหวย / ฮวยเทา / เธาเทา / เธาเท / เธแท / แธธาน ตา สวยทน ม มวยเฮ ฮาหอ / เหาะทะเลาะเรา / เราะหว เราะ เฮ ฮาเรา ทะเลาะ กนธระชยฮว / ฮวะ

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Thai 1Lesson Thirteen

ไมใชคะ / คะละ / ละไม ใช คะไป ละ นะระ ฆงคง / ฆงขงขงแพ / แพะและแพะ และ แกะเพ / เล / เกเพะ / เละ / เกะเกะ กะ

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Thai 1Lesson Fourteen

ย / ญญ ปนยาน / ญานญาณธาณ / ธานเทา / เฒาเทา / เธา / เฒาเฒา แกเทา / เทามามา ม เทา ส เทาผา / ผา / ผาญาณ ม ผาหาสาม ส หาคา / คา / คา

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Thai 1Lesson Fifteen

มา / มากยา / ยากโล / โลกโชคร /รปภาพรปภาพรตวาดดาปดาบบ / บบ ด / ดดดาษทาสลาก / จาก

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Thai 1Lesson Sixteen

พดไม / ไม / ไมพด ไม ยาก คะลก พด มาก คะไดฉน พด ภาษาจน ไดใหให ไม ไดใชใช เว ลา ไม มากกน / กบฉน กบ เขาพอ / พอพอ แม กบ ลกวาด / วดไป วด ใช เว ลา ไม มาก

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Thai 1Lesson Seventeen

ประเทศตาง ประ เทศกรงเทพครอบครวเรา ไปดวยกน ไมใช ไม คะครบใช ไม ครบคณ ชอบ ไป กรงเทพ ใช ไม ครบกระดาษมด / มดลก / ลกนานา ลก ไม คะ

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Thai 1Lesson Eighteen

ฐาน / ฑานถาน / ทานกรฑาราก ฐานกาน / กาณ / กาล / การ / กาฬ / กาญเชญ เขา มา คะนาก / ณากญากเทยเทยน / เฑยรปร / ปลปลาปลาในนาเทยบเปรยบ เทยบเรยก

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Thai 1Lesson Nineteen

ฌานชาน/ ชาญเขา เขา ฌานฎกาฏกาเสอ / เสอ / เสอเกลอ / เกลอ / เกลอเมอ / เมอ / เมอเมอ วาน นเซอ / ซอไป ซอ เสอ ไม ครบจะโต / โตะคณ ม โตะ ไม คะเรอ / รอคณ ไป เรอ

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Thai 1Lesson Twenty

โผม / ผมโลม / ลมกลมกลอมกลอม / กลอม / กลอม / กลอม / กลอมกระปองผม ซอ กระปองย / อยคร อย ทไหนบาน อย ทไหน คะดอนเมองบาน ผม อย ท ดอนเมอง ครบเมอไหรครอบครว คณ มา กรงเทพ เมอไหร คะเทาไหรใชเวลา เทาไหร

Page 38: Thai 1 · You will note that some Thai letters have more than one sound, depending on their position in the word. Whenever possible, English equivalents are given. However, keep in

Thai 1

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