texas solar jobs census 2015

7/25/2019 Texas Solar Jobs Census 2015

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2015

TEXAS

SOLAR JOBSCENSUS


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ABOUT THE SOLAR FOUNDATION

The Solar Foundation (TSF) is an independent 501(c)

(3) nonproit organization whose mission is to increaseunderstanding of solar energy through strategic research andeducation that transforms markets. TSF is considered thepremier research organization on the solar labor workforce,employer trends, and the economic impacts of solar. It hasprovided expert advice to leading organizations such asthe National Academies, the Inter-American DevelopmentBank, the U.S. Department of Energy, and others during atime of dynamic industry growth and policy and economicuncertainty.

While TSF recognizes that solar energy is a key part of ourenergy future, it is committed to excellence in its aim to helppeople fairly and objectively gauge the value and importanceof solar technologies.

ABOUT BW RESEARCH PARTNERSHIP

BW Research is widely regarded as the national leader inlabor market research for emerging industries and cleanenergy technologies. In addition to the Censusseries, BWResearch has conducted rigorous solar installation andwind industry labor market analysis for the NationalRenewable Energy Laboratory, wind energy and energyretroit studies for the Natural Resources Defense Council,

a series of comprehensive clean energy workforce studiesfor the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Illinois, Vermont,Florida, Pennsylvania, Iowa, and California, as well asnumerous skills and gap analyses for community colleges,workforce investment boards, state agencies, and nonproitorganizations.

COVER IMAGE COURTESY OF JIM HUTCHINSON, AUSTIN SOLAR SUNFLOWERS


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Solar Foundation (TSF) is a national 501(c)

(3) nonproit organization whose mission is toincrease understanding of solar energy throughstrategic research and education that transformmarkets. In 2010, TSF conducted its irst NationalSolar Jobs Census report, establishing the irstcredible solar jobs baseline and verifying thatthe solar industry is having a positive impacton the U.S. economy. Using the same rigorous,peer-reviewed methodology, TSF has conducted

an annual Census in each of the last six years totrack changes and analyze trends.

This Texas Solar Jobs Census 2015 report is an

offshoot of TSFs National Solar Jobs Census 2015

effort. Research partners for the Census 2015effort include the George Washington UniversitySolar Institute for providing assistance andsupport in reviewing and validating reportresults and analysis; the Solar Energy IndustriesAssociation (SEIA) for use of its National Solar

Database and peer review; and GTM Research/SEIA for providing survey respondents with theU.S. Solar Market Insight: 2014 YIR report.

Sponsors of this years Census effort include:Energy Foundation, William and Flora HewlettFoundation, Tilia Fund, George WashingtonUniversity Solar Institute, SEIA, Recurrent,SolarCity, First Solar, Sol Systems, E.ON,Trina Solar, State of Minnesota Department

of Commerce, State of New Mexico EnergyMinerals and Natural Resources Department,Utah Governors Ofice of Energy Development,sPower, Standard Solar, CALSEIA, All EarthRenewables, and groSolar.

Finally, we want to thank all the Texas employersthat participated in the survey. Your responseswere critical in providing us with accurate andtimely data.

Andrea LueckePresident and Executive DirectorThe Solar Foundation

202-469-3750; [email protected]

Philip JordanPrincipal and Vice PresidentBW Research Partnership508-384-2471; [email protected] www.bwresearch.com

For questions or comments about this report, please contact either:

Please cite this publication when referencing this material as Texas Solar Jobs Census 2015,The Solar Foundation, available at: www.TSFcensus.organd SolarStates.org
mailto:[email protected]://www.thesolarfoundation.org/mailto:[email protected]://www.bwresearch.com/http://www.tsfcensus.org/http://solarstates.org/http://solarstates.org/http://www.tsfcensus.org/http://www.bwresearch.com/mailto:[email protected]://www.thesolarfoundation.org/mailto:[email protected]


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1Texas Solar Jobs Census 2015

INTRODUCTION

The U.S. solar industry experiencedyet another record-breaking year

in 2015, with more than 7,400

megawatts (MW) of domestic

photovoltaic (PV) capacity expected

to have been installed an 18.5%

increase over that of 2014 bringing

total U.S. solar capacity to nearly 27.5

gigawatts (GW).1

As the rate of capacity installation hasaccelerated, employers across the countryhave continued to expand the size of their

payrolls. This years sixth annual NationalSolar Jobs Census found that the U.S. solar

industry employed 208,859 workers as of

November 2015, representing the addition

of 35,052 jobs, and a 20.2% increase in

employment over November 2014.Since The

Solar Foundation began tracking these numbersin 2010, employment in the industry has morethan doubled, growing by 123% and adding over115,000 jobs. Employers nationwide expectthis growth trend to continue through 2016,

projecting to add nearly 31,000 jobs to the solarworkforce over the course of the year.

Capacity Data Source: SEIA/GTM Research Solar Market Insight Q3 2015

93,502105,145

119,016

142,698

173,807

208,859

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E

AddedCapacity(MW)

SolarJobs

U.S. PV Capacity Additions & Solar Jobs, 2010 - 2015E

PV Capacity Additions Solar Jobs


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As of October 2015, Texas employs 7,030 solarworkers across 4,038 establishments, ranking it6th in the nation in terms of solar jobs.2, 3Texasis projected to realize a 12.7% growth in jobs,adding approximately 900 solar workers in2016.4The solar installation sector employs thegreatest number (4,547) and proportion (65%)

of solar workers in Texas. The manufacturingsector is the second largest, with 1,424 solarworkers or 20% of all solar jobs.

As of September 2015, Texas boastsapproximately 403 MW of solar PV of cumulativeinstalled capacity. Through the irst nine monthsof 2015, approximately 73.4 MW of new capacitywas installed. Year-over-year projectionsdemonstrate that total new installed capacityfor 2015 nearly doubled the amount that came

online in 2014.5Texas is the 10th ranked state interms of installed solar PV capacity nationally;however, Texas saw a decline in its rank from 8thplace in 2014 to 10th in 2015. Within its region,Texas far exceeds the second ranked state ofLouisiana with cumulative installed capacityof 76.2 MW. Other states in the region, namelyArkansas and Oklahoma, each have less than 10MW of installed solar PV capacity.

Texas has over 8,000 MW of solar projectsplanned or under development, driven primarilyby the increasing cost-competitiveness of solarin the Texas electricity market.6 The bulk ofTexass solar capacity has been driven by utility-scale solar projects.7 Out of the cumulative 403MW of solar installed capacity, approximately

289 MW is utility-scale followed by 62 MW ofresidential PV and 53 MW of non-residential PV.As the state with the largest technical potentialfor solar energy8 as well as strong potential forconcentrated solar power (CSP),9 signiicantutility-scale solar development is expected tocontinue. Some notable past projects includeAlamo 4 Solar Farm, developed in 2014 by OCISolar Power with the capacity to generate 39MW of electricity and Barilla Solar Project at a

capacity of 30 MW. Additionally, large retailersin Texas have undertaken solar PV projects:REI, Applied Materials, Kohls Campbells Soup,Target, and IKEA.10

In addition to the utility-scale projects, Texashas made large gains in the residential solarmarket. This growth is due in part to utilityleaders like Oncor, CPS Energy, and AustinEnergy. Oncor currently offers inancial

Source: SEIA/GTM Research Solar Market Insight Q3 2015

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E

AddedCapacity(

MW)

Texas Solar Capacity Additions, 2010 - 2015E

Residential Non-Residential Utility


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incentives of $538.53 per kW AC initially and$0.2519 per kWh AC to help offset the costof a solar PV system.11 Likewise, CPS energyprovides inancial rebates broken out by tiers tosuit the needs of its residential and commercialcustomer classes.12In 2015, CPS Energy launchedSolarHost, a program that allows homeownersand commercial property owners13 to leasetheir roofs to CPS Energy to install solar PVsystems in exchange for a cash incentive to theowners.13 Austin Energy also offers rebatesto its customers for solar PV projects and hassigned a power purchase agreement (PPA) withRecurrent Energy for 150 MW of solar power(for a reported price of approximately $.05 perkWh) with approved plans for approximately

450 MW of additional solar capacity at evenlower prices.14 Data shows that the City ofAustin will get 13% of its electricity generationfrom solar by 2017, making it one of the mostsolar-powered cities in the nation.15

Despite all the growth in solar PV, Texas receivesan F grade from freeingthegrid.org for lackinga statewide net-metering policy available to itselectric customers. However, several municipaland co-op utilities provide compensation for

solar generation by customers and competitiveretail electric providers are offering increasinglyattractive buyback tariffs for solar customersin deregulated markets. Similarly, Texasreceives a D grade for interconnection.16

This could be improved if Texas were toremove the requirements for redundantexternal disconnects and additional insurance

for interconnection. Texas has a RenewablePortfolio Standard (RPS) in place which wasrevised to a goal of 10,000 MW of renewableenergy through by 2025.17Despite having oneof the best solar resources in the country, therevised RPS goal has been met mostly throughwind energy. On the other hand, Texas doesenjoy other solar enabling policies such asthird-party inancing and commercial PACE.Texas laws prohibit neighborhood associationsfrom blocking rooftop solar.18

Texas is projected to realize

a 12.7% growth in jobs,

adding approximately 900

solar workers in 2016.

This report includes information about all typesof Texas companies engaged in the analysis,research and development, production, sales,installation, and use of all solar technologies ranging from solar photovoltaics (PV), toconcentrating solar power (CSP), to solar waterheating systems for the residential, commercial,industrial, and utility market segments.

The indings presented herein are based onrigorous survey efforts throughout the monthsof September, October, and November 2015 thatinclude telephone calls and emails to knownand potential solar establishments across Texas.Unlike economic impact models that generateemployment estimates based on economicdata or jobs-per-megawatt (or jobs-per-dollar)assumptions, The Solar Foundations Solar Jobs

Census series provides statistically valid andcurrent data gathered from actual employers.This analysis also purposefully avoids artiiciallyinlating its results with questionable multipliereffects often found in analyses of otherindustries.

The number of establishments included in this

report include all businesses that conduct anysolar activity. This includes many businessesthat play a very small part in a solar project,or provide inancing, legal services, or othersupport services to solar irms. Employment,however, is only counted for workers that spendat least 50% of their time on solar.

A full explanation of this methodology can befound on page 15 of this report.

ABOUT THE TEXAS SOLAR JOBS CENSUS 2015


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Key Data Points

Projected Solar

Jobs Growth, 2016

894(12.7%)

Capacity Installed in

2015 thru Q3 (MW)20

73.4

TEXAS

SOLAR JOBSTotal Solar Jobs, 2015

7,030Cumulative Installed

Capacity thru Q3 2015 (MW)19

403.4Detailed employment and demographic data for Texass legislative districts, counties, and metropolitan statistical areas can

be found in the appendix of this report and on The Solar Foundations interactive jobs map at SolarStates.org.
http://solarstates.org/http://solarstates.org/


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WORKFORCEOVERVIEW

Sales & Distribution Jobs

163

Project Development Jobs

404

Other Jobs

493

Manufacturing Jobs

1,424

Installation Jobs

4,547The Texas solar industry currently employs

7,030 solar workers at 4,038 establishments,

ranking it 6th in the nation in terms of solar jobsand 33rd in solar jobs as a share of the statestotal employment. Texas is expected to realize12.7% growth in solar jobs in 2016, addingapproximately 900 solar workers. This issigniicantly higher than Texas 2016 projected

overall job growth rate of 2.1%.21

The vastmajority of Texas solar irms more than 63% report working primarily on utility-scale solarprojects compared to 29% for the residentialand 7.8% for the non-residential segments.

Installation irms employ the largest portion more than 65% of the Texas solar workforce,which is higher than the 57.4% employed in thesolar industry nationally. On the other hand,sales and distribution irms employ a very small

portion, at only 2.3% of the solar workforce,which is signiicantly lower than the nationalaverage of 11.7%.

4,136

6,965 7,030

7,924

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2013 2014 2015 2016E

TX Solar Jobs, 2013 - 2016E


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T S

Wkf

T Ov

Ep25U.S. S

Wkf

W 19.7% 44.5% 23.8%

Af-A 4.8% 11.8% 5.1%

A Pf I 10.5% 4.6% 8.6%

L Hp 20.6% 37.5% 11.3%

O Wk (55+) 14.9% 18.6% 18.6%

U Mb 0.4% - 5.5%

V f h U.S. AF

8.6% 7.1% 8.1%

The Texas solar workforce is generally less di-verse than the states workforce as a whole withwomen (19.7%), African-Americans (4.8%),Latinos (20.6%) and older workers (14.9%) allrelatively under-represented. Asian or PaciicIslanders, however, surpass the states work-force average accounting for10.5% of the Tex-

as solar jobs compared to 4.6% of the statesoverall workforce. On a macro scale, women,African-American, and older workers are alsorepresented at lower rates in the states solarworkforce compared to their counterparts in thesolar industry nationwide. In contrast, Asian orPaciic Islanders and Latino or Hispanic work-ers are represented in the state solar workforceat higher rates than their counterparts nation-wide.

Veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces represent auniquely valuable source of human capital forsolar employers. With a proven work ethic andpracticed discipline, veterans bring a wealth ofreadily transferable skills and leadership acu-men to the industry. Through the Solar ReadyVets program, the U.S. Department of Energy is

helping the industry capitalize on this resourceby facilitating the transition from military ser-vice to employment in the civilian solar work-force.26Texas solar irms clearly understandthis value proposition, with veterans com-

prising 8.6% of the states solar workforce,

compared to just 7.1% of the states total

workforce and 8.1% of the solar workforce

nationally.

Manufacturing is the second largest sector of theTexas solar industry, employing 1,424 workers,representing 20% of the state solar jobs. Thereare currently more than 19 solar manufacturingcompanies in Texas.22Cities such as San Antonio

are establishing Texas as the national leader insolar manufacturing by attracting companiessuch as Mission Solar Energy. The companycreated 400 permanent jobs and invested $115million in the local economy.23,24


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Solar employers in Texas experience roughlythe same level of dificulty in inding qualiiedcandidates to ill openings on their payrolls asother solar irms across the West South Centralregion. About 64% of solar irms in Texas indi-cate it being somewhat dificult to very difi-cult in hiring solar workers compared to 69%in the West South Central region and 76% na-

tionally.

Approximately 45% of Texas solar irms reportthat they receive all of their revenues from so-lar activities, which is lower than the nationalaverage of 48.2%, while just over 32% reportthat they receive less than half of their revenuesfrom solar activities compared to 28.5% nation-ally. About 73% of Texass solar irms primarilywork with in-state customers which is higher

than the national average of 66%.

24.2%

31.1%

35.6%

51.7%

41.0%

40.0%

24.2%

27.9%

24.4%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

National

West South Central

Texas

Difficulty Hiring in Texas

Not Difficult Somewhat Difficult Very Difficult

19.7%

23.9%

8.8%

9.0%

23.3%

22.4%

Pure Plays, 48.2%

Pure Plays, 44.8%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

National

Texas

Texas Solar Firms - % Revenues from Solar

1-24% 25-49% 50-99% Pure Plays


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As part of the 2015 Census effort, employers

were asked about the impacts of speciic exist-

ing, pending and proposed policies on their busi-

ness prospects. Texas employers overwhelming-

ly cite the federal investment tax credit (ITC) as

substantially contributing to their irms success

with 46% of respondents referring to it direct-

ly. The second most commonly cited policy, by

18% of respondents, is the Renewable Portfolio

Standard/Energy Eficiency Resource Standard

(RPS/EERS). This is interesting to note because

Texas RPS has exceedingly been met, mostly

through wind energy; therefore, signifying that

some of these irms are engaged in business in

states whose markets do beneit from such pol-

icies. The EPAs Clean Power Plan is anticipat-ed to be a strong factor contributing to irms'

success by approximately 15% of respondents.

Equally important, 32% of respondents includ-

ed no policies or programs that have contribut-

ed to their irms success.

Solar irms were also speciically asked their

views on ITC and EPAs Clean Power Plan. Al-

most 60% Texas solar employers indicated

that the ITC has considerably increased and

somewhat increased their business prospects

while 37% indicated that it has had no impact

on their business prospects. The national opin-

ion on ITC is much more favorable at 52%. On

the same note, 63% of Texas solar employers

feel that EPAs Clean Power Plan has consider-

ably increased (29%) or somewhat increased

(35%) their business prospects compared to

30% who indicated that it has no bearing on

their business prospects. This parallels the gen-

eral opinions held by solar irms nationally of

the Clean Power Plan.

The following pages include detailed break-down of workforce data by sector. While there

are a number of Texas solar irms focusing on

manufacturing, sales and distribution, and other

activities, an insuficient number of these irms

responded to the survey to provide statistically

signiicant data for each individual sector.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Utility Rebates

Other Tax Exemptions, Credits, & Rebates

EPA Clean Power Plan

State Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)

Investment Tax Credit (ITC)

Business Citing Policies Contributing to Success

Texas National


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INSTALLATION

The installation sector isthe largest sector of theU.S. solar industry and iscomposed of companies thatprimarily install PV, solarwater heating, and other

solar energy technologies.

The installation sector is responsible for 65% ofall solar employment in Texas, employing 4,547workers. Firms in the sector expect to grow theirpayroll by 22.9% or 1,041 jobs over the course of2016. A little over half of these installation jobsfall under the category of installation/repairand 31% are categorized as administrative or

management/professional."

Projected 2016 Growth Rate

22.9%

Establishments

2,329

Projected 2016 Growth

1,041

Sector Jobs

4,547

4,378 4,547

5,588

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2014 2015 2016E

TX Installation Jobs, 2014 -

2016E


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In terms of hiring dificulty, 90% of Texasinstallation irms indicated some level of dificultyin hiring qualiied solar workers and 10%indicated that it is very dificult to ind qualiiedworkers. The hiring dificulty for installationworkers is signiicantly greater than that in othersolar industry sectors, as well as for other irms

in the installation sector nationwide.

Approximately 77% of Texas installation firms workprimarily with in-state customers which is slightlylower than their counterparts nationwide (81.5%).About 24% of these installation firms primarily servecustomers outside its bordering states. A majorityof the installation firms (82%) also cite the ITC as amajor contributor to their firms success.

19.7% 54.2%

90.0%

26.0%

10.0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

U.S. Installation

TX Installation

Installation Sector - Difficulty Hiring


11.7%

6.3%

7.2% 22.1%

31.3%

Pure Plays, 59.0%

Pure Plays, 62.5%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

U.S. Installation

TX Installation

Installation Sector - % Revenues from Solar

1-24% 25-49% 50-99% Pure Plays


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PROJECT

DEVELOPMENT

The project development

sector includes companies

that plan, design and build

large commercial- and

utility-scale solar projects.

The project development sector is responsible for

6% of all solar employment in Texas, employing

404 workers. Over the course of 2016, employers

expect to add another 83 positions to the payroll,

growing by 21%. About 39% of these project

development jobs fall under the category of

installation/repair and 32% are categorized as

administrative or management/professional.

Projected 2016 Growth Rate

20.5%

Establishments

484

Projected 2016 Growth

83

Sector Jobs

404

592

404

487

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2014 2015 2016E

TX Project Development Jobs,

2014 - 2016E


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In terms of hiring dificulty for project

development positions, 67% of Texas solar

irms indicated some level of dificulty in hiring

qualiied solar workers and 13% indicated that

it is very dificult to ind qualiied workers. The

hiring dificulty for this sector is greater than

the hiring dificulty for project development

sector nationwide.

Approximately 74% of Texas projectdevelopment irms work primarily with in-

state customers which is roughly the same as

their counterparts nationwide (75%). About

26% of these irms serve customers outside its

bordering states compared to 17% nationally.

Approximately 78% of the project development

irms cite the ITC as a major contributor to their

irms success which is higher than the national

average of 60%.

21.4%

20.0%

54.1%

66.7%

24.5%

13.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

U.S. Project Development

TX Project Development

Project Development Sector - Difficulty Hiring


14.5%

18.2%

7.8%

4.5%

23.1%

27.3%

Pure Plays, 54.6%

Pure Plays, 50.0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

U.S. Project Development

TX Project Development

Project Development Sector - % Revenues from Solar

1-24% 25-49% 50-99% Pure Plays


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CONCLUSION

Texas has many of the key elements to make

it a top solar energy state. Its abundant solarresource, strong manufacturing base, existingtechnical infrastructure, and high energydemand make it an ideal state for prioritizingincreased installed solar capacity. Based on thisresearch, investments in solar will not only helpthe state switch to clean energy, but also createmany jobs.

Texas is one of the leading states for utility-scalesolar PV. Municipal utilities such as CPS Energy

and Austin Energy have aggressively added cost-competitive solar to their generation portfoliosand others are rapidly following suit. Signiicantutility-scale and commercial solar PV projectswill continue to increase the cumulative installedsolar capacity in Texas. The recent extension ofthe ITC should further increase solar PV activityin the state. Residential solar will continue togrow steadily based on attractive economicsand has the potential for rapid accelerationwith new innovations driving growth in both

the public power territories and competitiveretail choice areas.

In order to sustain this future growth, it is

essential that Texas employers have readyaccess to quality talent and skilled labor orenhance their on-the-job training offerings. Toachieve this, more focused and comprehensivesolar training efforts in-house, in-state,and across the country must be suficientlyemphasized. These efforts would reduce theindustrys talent acquisition, training, andretention costs, increasing eficiency across thesolar value chain, and ultimately reducing costsfor Arizona solar customers.

This research shows that the Texas solarindustry is a source of economic opportunity,with the potential to create jobs that pay livingwages and are largely available to individualsof different backgrounds from across the state.Only regular reexaminations of the states solarindustry, its workforce, and the employmentopportunities presented herein will conirmthis potential is realized in years to come.

Photo courtesy of OnyxSolar


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The Solar Jobs Censusmethodology is the most

closely aligned with the Bureau of Labor Statis-tics (BLS) methodology for its Quarterly Censusof Employment and Wages (QCEW) and Cur-rent Employment Statistics (CES). Like BLS, thisstudy uses survey questionnaires and employ-er-reported data, though ours are administeredby phone and web, as opposed to mail.

Also like BLS, we develop a hierarchy of vari-ous categories that represent solar value chainactivities (within their broader NAICS frame-

work), develop representative sample frames,and use statistical analysis and extrapolation ina very similar manner to BLS. We also constrainour universe of establishments by relying onthe most recent data from the BLS or the statedepartments of labor, depending on which iscollected most recently. We believe that the cat-egories that we have developed could be readi-ly adopted by BLS should it choose to begin toquantify solar employment in its QCEW and CES

series.The results from the overall 2015 Censuseffortare based on rigorous survey efforts that include287,962 telephone calls and over 44,220 emailsto known and potential energy establishmentsacross the United States, resulting in a total of2,350 full completions for solar establishmentsin the U.S. Unlike economic impact models thatgenerate employment estimates based on eco-nomic data or jobs-per-megawatt (or jobs-per-

dollar) assumptions, the Solar Jobs Census se-ries provides statistically valid and current datagathered from actual employers.

The survey was administered to a known uni-verse of energy employers that includes 68,494establishments and is derived from the SolarEnergy Industry Associations National SolarDatabase, as well as other public and private

sources. Of these establishments, 2,118 identi-

ied as solar and completed full or substantiallycompleted surveys.

The survey was also administered to a strati-ied, clustered, random sampling from variousindustries that are potentially energy-related(unknown universe) that include a total of ap-proximately 314,000 establishments nation-wide. After an extensive cleaning and de-dupli-cation process, a sampling plan was developedthat gathered information on the level of solar

activity (including none) from 12,765 establish-ments. Of these, 327 establishments qualiiedas solar establishments and completed full sur-veys. The sampling rigor in the known and un-known universes provides a margin of error forestablishment counts at +/-0.85% and employ-ment at +/-1.99% at a 95% conidence interval.

This level of national sampling rigor is mir-rored at the state level. In addition to the knownCensus, the clustered sampling in the unknown

universe is representative relative to establish-ment totals by size in each of the 50 states andthe District of Columbia. This ensures that eachstates employment estimates are accurate witha maximum margin of error under +/-5% at a95% conidence interval.

Due to the number of qualifying responses,some smaller states have higher margins of er-ror for non-employment related questions, suchas workforce and policy related questions, due

to the small universe of solar establishments ineach state. As a result, some state-level, non-em-ployment data is reported using regional aver-ages or have footnotes denoting small responsesizes.

APPENDIX

STATE CENSUS METHODOLOGY AND DATA SOURCES


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GEOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF DATA

In addition to the statewide results detailed

herein, the Solar Jobs Census 2015 effort

compiled comprehensive information about the

distribution of solar workers across each state.The Solar Jobs Census 2015 companion website,

SolarStates.org,houses solar jobs data for each

state and the District of Columbia. Here, the

employment data have been broken out and

represented in map form at the state, federal

congressional district, state legislative district,

metropolitan statistical area, and county

levels. What follows are tables presentingthe employment counts and demographic

breakdowns of the workforce at each speciied

level of granularity previously mentioned.

DistrictTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

1 226 45 11 24 47 34 1 20

2 549 108 27 58 113 82 2 47

3 212 42 10 22 44 32 1 18

4 124 24 6 13 25 18 1 11

5 171 34 8 18 35 25 1 15

6 189 37 9 20 39 28 1 16

7 281 55 14 30 58 42 1 24

8 145 29 7 15 30 22 1 12

9 85 17 4 9 17 13 0 7

10 656 129 32 69 135 98 3 57

11 409 81 20 43 84 61 2 35

12 287 57 14 30 59 43 1 25

13 290 57 14 31 60 43 1 25

14 150 30 7 16 31 22 1 13

15 188 37 9 20 39 28 1 16

16 153 30 7 16 31 23 1 13

17 139 27 7 15 29 21 1 12

18 160 32 8 17 33 24 1 14

19 161 32 8 17 33 24 1 14

20 170 34 8 18 35 25 1 15

21 316 62 15 33 65 47 1 27

22 103 20 5 11 21 15 0 9

23 127 25 6 13 26 19 1 11

24 440 87 21 46 91 66 2 38

25 105 21 5 11 22 16 0 9

26 105 21 5 11 22 16 0 9

27 182 36 9 19 38 27 1 16

TEXAS FEDERAL CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS
http://solarstates.org/http://solarstates.org/


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DistrictTotal

Employment WomenAfrican-

American

Asian or

PaciicIslanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US ArmedForces

1 226 45 11 24 47 34 1 20

2 549 108 27 58 113 82 2 47

3 212 42 10 22 44 32 1 18

4 124 24 6 13 25 18 1 11

5 171 34 8 18 35 25 1 15

6 189 37 9 20 39 28 1 16

7 281 55 14 30 58 42 1 24

8 145 29 7 15 30 22 1 129 85 17 4 9 17 13 0 7

10 182 36 9 19 37 27 1 16

11 125 25 6 13 26 19 1 11

12 166 33 8 18 34 25 1 14

13 244 48 12 26 50 36 1 21

14 727 143 35 77 150 108 3 63

15 75 15 4 8 16 11 0 6

16 448 88 22 47 92 67 2 39

17 139 27 7 15 29 21 1 12

18 174 34 8 18 36 26 1 15

19 490 97 24 52 101 73 2 42

20 120 24 6 13 25 18 1 10

21 131 26 6 14 27 19 1 11

22 141 28 7 15 29 21 1 12

23 79 16 4 8 16 12 0 7

24 207 41 10 22 43 31 1 18

25 203 40 10 21 42 30 1 18

26 43 8 2 4 9 6 0 4

TEXAS STATE SENATE

DistrictTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

28 73 14 4 8 15 11 0 6

29 36 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

30 187 37 9 20 39 28 1 16

31 62 12 3 7 13 9 0 5

32 102 20 5 11 21 15 0 9

33 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

34 47 9 2 5 10 7 0 4

35 281 55 14 30 58 42 1 24

36 112 22 5 12 23 17 0 10


20/34


TEXAS STATE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

DistrictTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

1 37 7 2 4 8 6 0 3

2 43 8 2 5 9 6 0 4

3 86 17 4 9 18 13 0 7

4 30 6 1 3 6 5 0 35 44 9 2 5 9 7 0 4

6 47 9 2 5 10 7 0 4

7 52 10 3 5 11 8 0 4

8 47 9 2 5 10 7 0 4

9 48 10 2 5 10 7 0 4

10 30 6 1 3 6 5 0 3

11 33 6 2 3 7 5 0 3

12 69 14 3 7 14 10 0 6

13 53 11 3 6 11 8 0 5

14 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

15 53 10 3 6 11 8 0 5

16 12 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

17 61 12 3 6 13 9 0 5

18 30 6 1 3 6 4 0 3

19 39 8 2 4 8 6 0 3

20 65 13 3 7 13 10 0 6

21 52 10 3 5 11 8 0 4

22 12 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

23 71 14 3 8 15 11 0 624 16 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

25 35 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

26 89 18 4 9 18 13 0 8

27 12 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

28 12 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

29 10 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

30 50 10 2 5 10 8 0 4

31 64 13 3 7 13 10 0 6

DistrictTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

27 47 9 2 5 10 7 0 4

28 270 53 13 28 56 40 1 23

29 156 31 8 16 32 23 1 13

30 172 34 8 18 35 26 1 15


21/34


DistrictTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

32 72 14 3 8 15 11 0 6

33 92 18 4 10 19 14 0 8

34 15 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

35 44 9 2 5 9 7 0 4

36 22 4 1 2 5 3 0 2

37 19 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

39 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

40 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

42 36 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

43 15 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

44 71 14 3 7 15 11 0 645 48 10 2 5 10 7 0 4

46 468 92 23 49 96 70 2 40

47 132 26 6 14 27 20 1 11

48 64 13 3 7 13 10 0 6

49 81 16 4 9 17 12 0 7

50 12 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

51 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

52 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

53 61 12 3 6 13 9 0 5

54 26 5 1 3 5 4 0 2

55 23 5 1 2 5 3 0 2

56 20 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

57 26 5 1 3 5 4 0 2

58 59 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

59 29 6 1 3 6 4 0 3

60 68 13 3 7 14 10 0 6

61 65 13 3 7 13 10 0 6

62 27 5 1 3 5 4 0 2

63 50 10 2 5 10 7 0 4

64 84 17 4 9 17 13 0 7

65 51 10 2 5 10 8 0 4

66 38 8 2 4 8 6 0 3

67 67 13 3 7 14 10 0 6

68 88 17 4 9 18 13 0 8

69 60 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

70 17 3 1 2 3 3 0 1

71 23 5 1 2 5 3 0 2


22/34


DistrictTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

72 66 13 3 7 14 10 0 6

73 30 6 1 3 6 5 0 3

74 36 7 2 4 7 5 0 375 23 4 1 2 5 3 0 2

76 83 16 4 9 17 12 0 7

77 37 7 2 4 8 6 0 3

78 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

79 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

80 18 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

81 82 16 4 9 17 12 0 7

82 162 32 8 17 33 24 1 14

83 72 14 3 8 15 11 0 6

84 13 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

85 17 3 1 2 3 3 0 1

86 60 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

87 59 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

88 61 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

89 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

90 176 35 9 19 36 26 1 15

91 56 11 3 6 12 8 0 5

92 66 13 3 7 14 10 0 6

93 29 6 1 3 6 4 0 2

94 36 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

95 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

96 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

97 20 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

98 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

99 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

100 173 34 8 18 35 26 1 15

101 11 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

102 120 24 6 13 25 18 1 10

103 222 44 11 23 46 33 1 19104 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

105 22 4 1 2 5 3 0 2

106 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

107 28 5 1 3 6 4 0 2

108 108 21 5 11 22 16 0 9

109 19 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

110 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

111 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1


23/34


24/34


TEXAS METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS

Metropolitan

Statistical Area

Total

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino

or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Abilene, TX 50 10 2 5 10 7 0 4

Amarillo, TX 83 16 4 9 17 12 0 7

Austin-Round

Rock, TX923 182 45 97 190 137 4 80

Beaumont-Port

Arthur, TX82 16 4 9 17 12 0 7

Brownsville-

Harlingen, TX33 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

College

Station-Bryan,

TX

60 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

Corpus Christi,

TX 113 22 5 12 23 17 0 10

Dallas-Fort

Worth-

Arlington, TX

1,870 369 91 197 385 279 8 161

El Paso, TX 161 32 8 17 33 24 1 14

Houston-Sugar

Land-Baytown,

TX

1,638 323 79 173 337 244 7 141

Killeen-Temple-

Fort Hood, TX61 12 3 6 13 9 0 5

Laredo, TX 41 8 2 4 8 6 0 4

Longview, TX 87 17 4 9 18 13 0 8

Lubbock, TX 72 14 3 8 15 11 0 6

McAllen-

Edinburg-

Mission, TX

70 14 3 7 14 10 0 6

Midland, TX 157 31 8 17 32 23 1 14

Odessa, TX 58 11 3 6 12 9 0 5

San Angelo, TX 40 8 2 4 8 6 0 3

San Antonio, TX 718 142 35 76 148 107 3 62

Sherman-

Denison, TX

23 5 1 2 5 3 0 2

Texarkana,

TX-Texarkana,

AR

19 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

TX NONMETRO-

POLITAN AREA450 89 22 47 93 67 2 39

Tyler, TX 67 13 3 7 14 10 0 6

Victoria, TX 38 7 2 4 8 6 0 3

Waco, TX 49 10 2 5 10 7 0 4

Wichita Falls, TX 66 13 3 7 13 10 0 6


25/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Anderson 12 2 1 1 3 2 0 1

Andrews 10 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Angelina 18 3 1 2 4 3 0 2

Aransas 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Archer 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Armstrong 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Atascosa 12 2 1 1 3 2 0 1

Austin 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Bailey 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Bandera 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Bastrop 10 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Baylor 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Bee 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Bell 47 9 2 5 10 7 0 4

Bexar 572 113 28 60 118 85 3 49

Blanco 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Bosque 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Bowie 18 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

Brazoria 48 10 2 5 10 7 0 4

Brazos 47 9 2 5 10 7 0 4

Brewster 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0Briscoe 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Brooks 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Brown 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Burleson 5 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Burnet 14 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Caldwell 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Calhoun 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Callahan 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Cameron 31 6 1 3 6 5 0 3

Camp 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0Carson 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Cass 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Castro 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Chambers 16 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Cherokee 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Childress 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Clay 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cochran 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TEXAS COUNTIES


26/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Coke 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Coleman 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Collin 157 31 8 17 32 23 1 14

Collingsworth 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colorado 5 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Comal 29 6 1 3 6 4 0 2

Comanche 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Concho 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Cooke 12 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Coryell 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Crane 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Crockett 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Crosby 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0Culberson 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dallam 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Dallas 823 162 40 87 169 123 4 71

Dawson 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

De Witt 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Deaf Smith 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Delta 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Denton 170 33 8 18 35 25 1 15

Dickens 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dimmit 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Donley 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Duval 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Eastland 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Ector 54 11 3 6 11 8 0 5

Edwards 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

El Paso 153 30 7 16 31 23 1 13

Ellis 26 5 1 3 5 4 0 2

Erath 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Falls 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fannin 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Fayette 8 1 0 1 2 1 0 1

Floyd 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Foard 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fort Bend 90 18 4 10 19 13 0 8

Franklin 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Freestone 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Frio 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0


27/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Gaines 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Galveston 61 12 3 6 13 9 0 5

Garza 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Gillespie 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Glasscock 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Goliad 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gonzales 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Gray 14 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Grayson 21 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

Gregg 62 12 3 6 13 9 0 5

Grimes 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Guadalupe 50 10 2 5 10 8 0 4

Hale 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1Hall 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hamilton 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Hansford 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Hardeman 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hardin 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Harris 1,158 228 56 122 238 172 5 100

Harrison 16 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Hartley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Haskell 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hays 61 12 3 6 13 9 0 5

Hemphill 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Henderson 17 3 1 2 4 3 0 1

Hidalgo 65 13 3 7 13 10 0 6

Hill 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Hockley 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Hood 14 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Hopkins 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Houston 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Howard 13 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Hudspeth 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hunt 12 2 1 1 3 2 0 1

Hutchinson 13 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Irion 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Jack 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Jackson 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Jasper 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Jefferson 52 10 3 5 11 8 0 4


28/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Jim Hogg 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Jim Wells 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Johnson 33 7 2 3 7 5 0 3Jones 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Karnes 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Kaufman 17 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Kendall 10 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Kenedy 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kerr 16 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Kimble 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

King 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kinney 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kleberg 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0Knox 5 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

La Salle 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Lamar 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Lamb 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Lampasas 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Lavaca 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Lee 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Leon 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Liberty 15 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Limestone 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Lipscomb 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Live Oak 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Llano 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Lubbock 64 13 3 7 13 10 0 6

Lynn 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Madison 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Marion 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Martin 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Mason 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Matagorda 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Maverick 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

McCulloch 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mclennan 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

McLennan 44 9 2 5 9 7 0 4

Medina 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Menard 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Midland 145 29 7 15 30 22 1 13


29/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Milam 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Mills 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mitchell 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

Montague 10 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Montgomery 109 21 5 11 22 16 0 9

Moore 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Morris 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nacogdoches 16 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Navarro 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Newton 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nolan 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Nueces 87 17 4 9 18 13 0 8

Ochiltree 8 1 0 1 2 1 0 1Oldham 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Orange 15 3 1 2 3 2 0 1

Palo Pinto 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Panola 10 2 0 1 2 2 0 1

Parker 35 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

Parmer 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Pecos 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Polk 10 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Potter 41 8 2 4 8 6 0 4

Presidio 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rains 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Randall 32 6 2 3 7 5 0 3

Reagan 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Real 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Red River 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Reeves 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Refugio 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Roberts 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Robertson 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Rockwall 20 4 1 2 4 3 0 2

Runnels 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Rusk 13 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Sabine 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Augustine 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Jacinto 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

San Patricio 11 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

San Saba 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


30/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Schleicher 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Scurry 11 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Shackelford 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

Shelby 11 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Sherman 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Smith 59 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

Somervell 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Starr 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Stephens 8 1 0 1 2 1 0 1

Sterling 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Stonewall 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sutton 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Swisher 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Tarrant 418 82 20 44 86 62 2 36

Taylor 38 8 2 4 8 6 0 3

Terrell 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Terry 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Throckmorton 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Titus 5 1 0 1 1 1 0 0

Tom Green 34 7 2 4 7 5 0 3

Travis 750 148 36 79 154 112 3 65

Trinity 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tyler 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Upshur 6 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Upton 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Uvalde 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Val Verde 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Van Zandt 7 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

Victoria 27 5 1 3 6 4 0 2

Walker 10 2 0 1 2 2 0 1

Waller 5 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Ward 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Washington 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Webb 38 7 2 4 8 6 0 3

Wharton 12 2 1 1 3 2 0 1

Wheeler 8 1 0 1 2 1 0 1

Wichita 56 11 3 6 12 8 0 5

Wilbarger 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Willacy 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


31/34


CountyTotal

EmploymentWomen

African-

American

Asian or

Paciic

Islanders

Latino or

Hispanic

Older

Workers

(55+)

Union

Members

Veterans of

the US Armed

Forces

Williamson 59 12 3 6 12 9 0 5

Wilson 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Winkler 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1Wise 24 5 1 2 5 4 0 2

Wood 9 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Yoakum 8 2 0 1 2 1 0 1

Young 14 3 1 1 3 2 0 1

Zapata 4 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Zavala 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Photo courtesy of the National Renewable EnergyLaboratory


32/34

ENDNOTES

1. SEIA/GTM Research Solar Market Insight Q3 2015

2. To be counted as a solar job, the individual has to work more than 50% of their time in solar energy. Based onthis deinition, there was only a 1% growth in jobs from 2014 to 2015. However, there are an estimated 3,900solar related jobs in Texas where individuals work less than 50% of their time on solar related activities.

3. The Texas Solar Jobs Census 2014can be found at www.TSFCensus.org.

4. It is important to note that these projections were based on employer-reported hiring plans for 2016 that mayhave since changed in light of the extension of the federal investment tax credit in December of 2015.

5. SEIA/GTM Research Solar Market Insight Q3 2015

6. ERCOT. (2015, December 14). Generator Interconnection Status Report: November 2015 Revised.RetrievedJanuary 15, 2016 from http://www.ercot.com/content/gridinfo/resource/2015/generation/GIS_REPORT__November_2015_Revised.xlsx

7. The residential, non-residential, and utility-scale market segments are deined by SEIA based on the offtaker ofthe electricity their systems generate, though they can generally be used interchangeably with small-scale (i.e.single-family household rooftop systems, no more than a handful of kilowatts), medium-scale (i.e. multi-unit,commercial, or government rooftop system), and large-scale (i.e. ground-mounted or very large rooftop systems

ranging from several hundred kilowatts to several hundred megawatts in capacity).8. U.S. Renewable Energy Technical Potential: A GIS-Based Analysis, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

available at www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/51946.pdf

9. Id.

10. 2014 Top Ten Solar States (2014), Solar Energy Industries Association, http://www.seia.org/research-resources/2014-top-10-solar-states

11. Solar Photovoltaic Residential Standard Offer Program, Oncor Energy, http://www.takealoadofftexas.com/index.aspx?id=solar-pv-homes

12. Solar Photovoltaic Rebates, CPS Energy, https://www.cpsenergy.com/en/my-home/ways-to-save/rebates-rebate/solar-photovoltaic-rebate.html

13. Hendricks, David., CPS Energys solar rent-a-roof program has big appeal, San Antonio Express-News (2015)http://www.expressnews.com/business/business_columnists/david_hendricks/article/CPS-Energy-s-solar-rent-a-roof-program-has-big-6490747.php

14. A Sunny Future for Utility-Scale Solar, Environmental Defense Fund Energy Exchange Blog, (2016) http://breakingenergy.com/2016/01/12/a-sunny-future-for-utility-scale-solar/

15. Roselund, Christian, Austin, Texas approves another 162 MW of solar projects, PV Magazine (2015), http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQ

16. Best Practices in State Net Metering Policies and Interconnection Procedures, Freeing the Grid 2015, http://freeingthegrid.org/#state-grades/texas

17. North Carolina Clean Technology Center - http://programs.dsireusa.org/system/program/detail/182

18. Paulos, Bentham, Can the Texas Solar Market Live Up to Its Potential? Green Tech Media (2014)http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/that-mean-old-texas-sun

19. SEIA/GTM Research Solar Market Insight Q3 201520. Id.

21. JobsEQ 2015Q3

22. Solar Energy Manufacturers in Texas - http://energy.sourceguides.com/businesses/byGeo/US/byS/TX/byP/solar/byB/manufacturers/manufacturers.shtml

23. Solar Energy Manufacturers in Texas, http://www.texastribune.org/2014/09/30/texas-only-solar-panel-manufacturer-ramps-producti/

24. Texas Celebrates Its First N-Type Solar Manufacturing Factory (2014), Associated Press, http://www.manufacturing.net/news/2014/09/texas-celebrates-its-irst-n-type-solar-manufacturing-factory
http://www.tsfcensus.org/http://www.ercot.com/content/gridinfo/resource/2015/generation/GIS_REPORT__November_2015_Revised.xlsxhttp://www.ercot.com/content/gridinfo/resource/2015/generation/GIS_REPORT__November_2015_Revised.xlsxhttp://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/51946.pdfhttp://www.seia.org/research-resources/2014-top-10-solar-stateshttp://www.seia.org/research-resources/2014-top-10-solar-stateshttp://www.takealoadofftexas.com/index.aspx?id=solar-pv-homeshttp://www.takealoadofftexas.com/index.aspx?id=solar-pv-homeshttps://www.cpsenergy.com/en/my-home/ways-to-save/rebates-rebate/solar-photovoltaic-rebate.htmlhttps://www.cpsenergy.com/en/my-home/ways-to-save/rebates-rebate/solar-photovoltaic-rebate.htmlhttp://www.expressnews.com/business/business_columnists/david_hendricks/article/CPS-Energy-s-solar-rent-a-roof-program-has-big-6490747.phphttp://www.expressnews.com/business/business_columnists/david_hendricks/article/CPS-Energy-s-solar-rent-a-roof-program-has-big-6490747.phphttp://breakingenergy.com/2016/01/12/a-sunny-future-for-utility-scale-solar/http://breakingenergy.com/2016/01/12/a-sunny-future-for-utility-scale-solar/http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQhttp://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQhttp://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQhttp://freeingthegrid.org/#state-grades/texashttp://freeingthegrid.org/#state-grades/texashttp://programs.dsireusa.org/system/program/detail/182http://%20http//www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/that-mean-old-texas-sunhttp://%20http//www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/that-mean-old-texas-sunhttp://energy.sourceguides.com/businesses/byGeo/US/byS/TX/byP/solar/byB/manufacturers/manufacturers.shtmlhttp://energy.sourceguides.com/businesses/byGeo/US/byS/TX/byP/solar/byB/manufacturers/manufacturers.shtmlhttp://energy.sourceguides.com/businesses/byGeo/US/byS/TX/byP/solar/byB/manufacturers/manufacturers.shtmlhttp://www.texastribune.org/2014/09/30/texas-only-solar-panel-manufacturer-ramps-producti/http://www.texastribune.org/2014/09/30/texas-only-solar-panel-manufacturer-ramps-producti/http://www.manufacturing.net/news/2014/09/texas-celebrates-its-first-n-type-solar-manufacturing-factoryhttp://www.manufacturing.net/news/2014/09/texas-celebrates-its-first-n-type-solar-manufacturing-factoryhttp://www.manufacturing.net/news/2014/09/texas-celebrates-its-first-n-type-solar-manufacturing-factoryhttp://www.manufacturing.net/news/2014/09/texas-celebrates-its-first-n-type-solar-manufacturing-factoryhttp://www.texastribune.org/2014/09/30/texas-only-solar-panel-manufacturer-ramps-producti/http://www.texastribune.org/2014/09/30/texas-only-solar-panel-manufacturer-ramps-producti/http://energy.sourceguides.com/businesses/byGeo/US/byS/TX/byP/solar/byB/manufacturers/manufacturers.shtmlhttp://energy.sourceguides.com/businesses/byGeo/US/byS/TX/byP/solar/byB/manufacturers/manufacturers.shtmlhttp://%20http//www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/that-mean-old-texas-sunhttp://%20http//www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/that-mean-old-texas-sunhttp://programs.dsireusa.org/system/program/detail/182http://freeingthegrid.org/#state-grades/texashttp://freeingthegrid.org/#state-grades/texashttp://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQhttp://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQhttp://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/austin--texas-approves-another-162-mw-of-solar-projects_100021571/#axzz3yIHvjowQhttp://breakingenergy.com/2016/01/12/a-sunny-future-for-utility-scale-solar/http://breakingenergy.com/2016/01/12/a-sunny-future-for-utility-scale-solar/http://www.expressnews.com/business/business_columnists/david_hendricks/article/CPS-Energy-s-solar-rent-a-roof-program-has-big-6490747.phphttp://www.expressnews.com/business/business_columnists/david_hendricks/article/CPS-Energy-s-solar-rent-a-roof-program-has-big-6490747.phphttps://www.cpsenergy.com/en/my-home/ways-to-save/rebates-rebate/solar-photovoltaic-rebate.htmlhttps://www.cpsenergy.com/en/my-home/ways-to-save/rebates-rebate/solar-photovoltaic-rebate.htmlhttp://www.takealoadofftexas.com/index.aspx?id=solar-pv-homeshttp://www.takealoadofftexas.com/index.aspx?id=solar-pv-homeshttp://www.seia.org/research-resources/2014-top-10-solar-stateshttp://www.seia.org/research-resources/2014-top-10-solar-stateshttp://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/51946.pdfhttp://www.ercot.com/content/gridinfo/resource/2015/generation/GIS_REPORT__November_2015_Revised.xlsxhttp://www.ercot.com/content/gridinfo/resource/2015/generation/GIS_REPORT__November_2015_Revised.xlsxhttp://www.tsfcensus.org/


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COPYRIGHT NOTICEUnless otherwise noted, all design, text, graphics, and the selection and arrangement thereof are Copyright February 2016 by The Solar Foundationand BW Research Partnership. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Any use of materials in this report, including reproduction, modiication, distribution, orrepublication, without the prior written consent of The Solar Foundation and BW Research Partnership, is strictly prohibited.

For questions about this report, please contact Andrea Luecke at The Solar Foundation, [email protected].

The Solar Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonproit and relies on public support. To learn more about supporting The Solar Foundations work, go towww.TheSolarFoundation.org/donate/

Photo courtesy of True North Solar

25. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by state 2014Annual Averages and Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by state 2014 Annual Averages.Found at: http://www.bls.gov/

26. See, U.S. Department of Energy Solar Ready Vets. Available at: http://energy.gov/eere/sunshot/solar-ready-vets
mailto:[email protected]://www.thesolarfoundation.org/donate/http://www.bls.gov/http://energy.gov/eere/sunshot/solar-ready-vetshttp://energy.gov/eere/sunshot/solar-ready-vetshttp://energy.gov/eere/sunshot/solar-ready-vetshttp://energy.gov/eere/sunshot/solar-ready-vetshttp://www.bls.gov/http://www.thesolarfoundation.org/donate/mailto:[email protected]


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