Terrorism Case Studies: CGW4U Canadian and World Issues: 12 April 2015

September 11th AttacksLockerbie BombingPan Am Flight 103Oklahoma City BombingFLQ CrisisThe October CrisisBeslan School Hostage CrisisBenazir Bhutto Assassination

Terrorist Act Committed- Multiple airplanes in united states were highjacked and crashed most notably into the world trade center in new york killing 2,000+ people- Pan Am flight from Frankfurt to Detroit which destroyed by a terrorist bomb on Wednesday, 21 December 1988, killing all 243 passengers and 16 crew on board- The Oklahoma City bombing was a domestic terrorist bomb attack on a government building in downtown Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995- A series of events triggered by two kidnappings of government officials by members of the Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ) during October 1970- Three-day siege of a school in southern Russia by Chechen terrorists- When it was over, nearly 331 people were murdered, many of them children- Assassination of Benazir Bhutto on 27 December, 2007- Caused the death of her and 24+ others

Objective- A wake up call for Americans to stop becoming involved in the affairs of the Middle East

- To cause extensive damage and kill innocent civilians- As Pan Am was an American company, it was an attack on the United States- To cause extensive amounts of damage to the government building and as many civilians as possible- To create an independent Marxist-Leninist Quebec state- Recognition of the independence of Chechnya in the United Nations and Russian withdrawal from Chechnya- To assassinate Benazir Bhutto and cause as much harm to the nearby area as possible

Motivation of Terrorist(s)- Osama Bin Ladens declaration of Holy War on the United States- US troops in Saudi Arabia- Sanctions against Iraq- Traced back to a series of military confrontations with the US Navy in the 1980s in the Gulf of Sidra where Libya claimed as its territorial waters- Retaliation for the Ruby Ridge and Waco sieges- McVeighs hatred of the American government

- Outrageous and extremist political views and opinions- Outrageous and extremist political views and opinions- Her return from self-exile after suspected corruption- The fact that she was a women, in high power in a Middle Eastern country

Retaliation/Reaction- Civilian aircraft grounding across US- Huge increased in airport security- US government did everything they could to now find Bin Laden- Led to increased tension between the United States and Libya, as Libya was responsible for the bombing- Oklahoma City put into state of emergency, as effects were felt 16 blocks away- Timothy McVeigh executed in 2001- Canadian military was heavily present in Montreal during October 1970- FLQ members charged with murder of Pierre Lapporte- Contributed to a series of federal government reforms consolidating power in the Kremlin and strengthening of the powers of the President of Russia- 40 days of mourning across Pakistan- Heavy rioting in the streets of Karachi- Pakistani government retaliates by joining the fight against Al Qaeda