terorism in india

8/8/2019 Terorism in India

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Terrorism in India is primarily attributable to religious communities andNaxalite radical

movements.[citation needed]

The regions with long termterroristactivities today are Jammu and Kashmir, Mumbai,Central

India (Naxalism) andSeven Sister States(independence and autonomy movements). As of 2006,at least 232 of the countrys 608 districts were afflicted, at differing intensities, by various

insurgent and terrorist movements.[1] In August 2008, National Security Advisor M K Narayanan

has said that there are as many as 800 terrorist cells operating in the country.[2]

Contents

[hide]

1 Chronology of major incidents

2 Western India

o 2.1 Maharashtra

3 Jammu and Kashmir

4 Northern and Northwestern India

o 4.1 Bihar

o 4.2 Punjab

o 4.3 New Delhi

4.3.1 Delhi security summit

4.3.2 Attack on Indian parliament

o 4.4 Uttar Pradesh

4.4.1 Ayodhya crisis

4.4.2 Varanasi blasts

5 Northeastern India

o 5.1 Nagaland

o 5.2 Assam

o 5.3 Tripura

o 5.4 Manipur

o 5.5 Mizoram

6 South India

o 6.1 Karnataka

o 6.2 Andhra Pradesh

o 6.3 Tamil Nadu
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ikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#South_India%23South_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#Karnataka%23Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#Andhra_Pradesh%23Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#Tamil_Nadu%23Tamil_Nadu


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7 In popular culture

8 See also

9 References

10 Notes

11 External links

[edit]Chronology of major incidents

[show]vde

Terrorist attacks in India

(since 2001)

Main article: Chronology of major terrorist incidents in India

[edit]Western India

[edit]Maharashtra

Mumbai has been the most preferred target for most terrorist organizations, primarily the

separatist forces from Pakistan.[citation needed]Over the past few years a series of attacks including

explosions in local trains in July 2006, to the most recent and unprecedented attacks of 26

November 2008, where two of the prime hotels, a landmark train station and a Jewish Chabad

house, in south Mumbai, were attacked and sieged.[citation needed]

Terrorist attacks in Mumbai include:

12 March 1993 -Series of 13 bombs go off killing 257

6 December 2002 -Bomb goes off in a bus in Ghatkopar killing 2

27 January 2003 -Bomb goes off on a bicycle in Vile Parle killing 1

14 March 2003 -Bomb goes off in a train in Mulund killing 10

28 July 2003 -Bomb goes off in a bus in Ghatkopar killing 4

25 August 2003 - Two Bombs go off in cars near the Gateway of India and Zaveri Bazaar

killing 50

11 July 2006 -Series of seven bombs go off in trains killing 209

26 November 2008 to 29 November 2008 - Coordinated series of attacks killing at least

172.

On 13 February 2010, a bomb explosion at theGerman Bakeryin Punekilled fourteen people,

and injured at least 60 more.
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[edit]Jammu and Kashmir

Main article: Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir

Armed insurgency in Jammu and Kashmirkilled tens of thousands till date[citation needed].

[edit]Northern and Northwestern India[edit]Bihar

Existence of certain insurgent groups like the CPI-ML, Peoples warand MCC, is a major concern

as they frequently attack local policemen and politicians.

Poor governance and the law and order system inBiharhave helped increase the menace

caused by the militias.

The State has witnessed many massacres by these groups.

The main victims of the violence by these groups are helpless people (including women, old and

children) who are killed in massacres. The state police is ill equipped to take on theAK-47,AK-

56 of the militants with their vintage 303 rifles. The militants have used landmines to kill ambush

police parties as well.

The root cause of the militant activities in the state is huge disparity among different caste groups.

After Independence, land reforms were supposed to be implemented, thereby giving the low

caste and the poor a share in the lands which was till then held mostly by high caste people.

However, due to caste based divisive politics in the state land reforms were never implemented

properly. This led to growing sense of alienation among the low caste.

Communist groups like CPI-ML, MCC and People's War took advantage of this and instigated the

low caste people to take up arms against establishment which was seen as a tool in the hands of

rich. They started taking up lands of rich by force killing the high caste people.

The high caste people resorted to use of force by forming their own army Ranvir Sena to take on

the naxalites. The State witnessed a bloody period in which the groups tried to prove their

supremacy by mass killings. The Police remained a mute witness to these killings as it lacked the

means to take any action.

However now the Ranvir Sena has significantly weakened with the arrest of its top brass. The

other groups are still active.

There have been arrests in various parts of the country, particularly those made by the Delhi

andMumbai police in the recent past, indicating that extremist/terrorist outfits have been

spreading their networks in this State. There is a strong suspicion that Bihar is also being used as
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a transit point by the small-arms, fake currency and drug dealers entering from Nepal and

terrorists reportedly infiltrating through Nepal and Bangladesh.

However, in recent years these attacks by various caste groups have come down with better

government being practised.

[edit]Punjab

The Sikhsform a majority in the Indian state of Punjab. During the 1970s, a section of Sikh

leaders cited various political, social and cultural issues to allege that the Sikhs were being

cornered and ignored in Indian Society, and Sikhism was being absorbed into the Hindu fold. This

gradually led to an armed movement in the Punjab, led by some key figures demanding a

separate state for Sikhs.

The insurgency intensified during 1980s when the movement turned violent and the

name Khalistan resurfaced and sought independence from the Indian Union. Led by JarnailSinghBhindranwale who , though not in favor in the creation ofKhalistan but also was not against

it, began using militancy to stress the movement's demands. Soon things turned extreme with

India alleging that neighboring Pakistan supported these militants, who, by 1983-84, had begun to

enjoy widespread support among Sikhs.

In 1984, Operation Blue Starwas conducted by the Indian government to stem out the

movement. It involved an assault on the Golden Temple complex, which Sant Bhindranwale had

fortified in preparation of an army assault. Indira Gandhi, India's then prime minister, ordered the

military to storm the temple, who eventually had to use tanks.

After a seventy-four-hour firefight, the army successfully took control of the temple. In doing so, it

damaged some portions of the Akal Takht, the Sikh Reference Library and some damaged to the

Golden Temple itself. According to Indian government sources, eighty-three army personnel were

killed and 249 injured. Militant casualties were 493 killed and eighty-six injured.

During same year, the assassination ofIndira Gandhi by two Sikh bodyguards, believed to be

driven by the Golden Temple affair, resulted in widespread anti-Sikh riots, especially in New

Delhi. Following Operation Black Thunder in 1988, Punjab Police, first under Julio Ribeiro and

then underKPS Gill, together with the Indian Armyeventually succeeded in pushing themovement underground.

In 1985, Sikh terrorists bombed anAir Indiaflight from Canada to India, killing all 329 people on

boardAir India Flight 182. It is the worst terrorist act in Canada's history.

The ending of Sikh militancy and the desire for a Khalistan catalyzed when the then-Prime

Minister ofPakistan,Benazir Bhuttohanded all intelligence material concerning Punjab militancy
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to the Indian government, as a goodwill gesture. The Indian government used that intelligence to

put an end to those who were behind attacks in India and militancy.

The ending of overt Sikh militancy in 1993 led to a period of relative calm, punctuated by militant

acts (i.e. the assassination of Punjab CM, Beant Singh in 1995) attributed to half a dozen or so

operating Sikh militant organisations. These organisations includeBabbar Khalsa

International,Khalistan Commando Force,Khalistan Liberation ForceandKhalistan Zindabad

Force.

[edit]New Delhi

Main article: 29 October 2005 Delhi bombings

Three explosions went off in the Indiancapital ofNew Delhion 29 October 2005 which killed

more than 60 people and injured at least 200 others. The high number of casualties made the

bombings the deadliest attack inIndia of 2005.It was followed by 5 bomb blasts on 13 September

2008.

[edit]Delhi security summit

Main article: 2007 Delhi security summit

The Delhi summit on security took place on 14 February 2007 with the foreign

ministers ofChina, India, andRussia meeting in Hyderabad House,Delhi, India to

discuss terrorism, drug trafficking,reform of the United Nations, and the security situations

inAfghanistan,Iran,Iraq, and North Korea.[3][4]

[edit]Attack on Indian parliament

Terrorists on 13 December 2001 attacked the Parliament of Indiaresulting in a 45-minute gun

battle in which 9 policemen and parliament staffer were killed. All the five terrorists were also

killed by the security forces and were identified as Pakistani nationals. The attack took place

around 11:40 am (IST), minutes after both Houses of Parliament had adjourned for the day.

The suspected terrorists dressed in commando fatigues entered Parliament in a car through the

VIP gate of the building. Displaying Parliament and Home Ministry security stickers, the vehicle

entered the Parliament premises.

The terrorists set off massive blasts and used AK-47 rifles, explosives and grenades for theattack. Senior Ministers and over 200 Members of Parliament were inside the Central Hall of

Parliament when the attack took place. Security personnel sealed the entire premises which

saved many lives.

[edit]Uttar Pradesh

[edit]Ayodhya crisis
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Main article: 2005 Ram Janmabhoomi attack in Ayodhya

The long simmering Ayodhya crisis finally culminated in a terrorist attack on the site of the 16th

centuryBabri Masjid -Demolished Ancient Masjid in Ayodhya on 5 July 2005. Following the two-

hour gunfight between Lashkar-e-Toibaterrorists based in Pakistan and Indian police, in which

six terrorists were killed, opposition parties called for a nationwide strike with the country's leaders

condemning the attack, believed to have been masterminded by Dawood Ibrahim.

[edit]Varanasi blasts

Main article: 2006 Varanasi bombings

A series of blasts occurred across theHinduholy city ofVaranasi on 7 March 2006. Fifteen

people are reported to have been killed and as many as 101 others were injured. No-one has

accepted responsibility for the attacks, but it is speculated that the bombings were carried out in

retaliation of the arrest of a Lashkar-e-Toibaagent in Varanasi earlier in February 2006.

On 5 April 2006 the Indian police arrested six Islamic militants, including a cleric who helped plan

bomb blasts. The cleric is believed to be a commander of a banned Bangladeshi Islamic militant

group, Harkatul Jihad-al Islami and is linked to the Inter-Services Intelligence, thePakistani spy

agency.[5]

[edit]Northeastern India

Main article: Insurgency in North-East India

Northeastern India consists 7 states (also known as the seven

sisters): Assam,Meghalaya,Tripura,Arunachal Pradesh,Mizoram,Manipur, andNagaland.Tensions exists between these states and the central government as well as amongst the tribal

people, who are natives of these states, and migrant peoples from other parts ofIndia.

The states have accused New Delhi of ignoring the issues concerning them. It is this feeling

which has led the natives of these states to seek greater participation in self-governance. There

are existing territorial disputes between Manipurand Nagaland.

There is a rise ofinsurgent activitiesand regional movements in the northeast, especially in the

states ofAssam, Nagaland, MizoramandTripura. Most of these organizations demand

independent state status or increasedregional autonomy and sovereignty.

North Eastern region tension have eased off-late with Indian and state government's concerted

effort to raise the living standards of the people in these regions. However, militancy still exists in

this region of India supported by external sources.

[edit]Nagaland
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The first and perhaps the most significant insurgency was in Nagaland from the early 1950s until

it was finally quelled in the early 1980s through a mixture of repression and co-optation.

The National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Isak-Muivah (NSCN-IM), demands an

independent Nagaland and has carried out several attacks on Indian military installations in the

region. According to government officials, 599 civilians, 235 security forces and 862 terrorists

have lost their lives between 1992 and 2000.

On 14 June 2001, acease-fireagreement was signed between the Government of Indiaand the

NSCN-IM which had received widespread approval and support in Nagaland. Terrorist outfits

such as the Naga National Council-Federal (NNC-F) and the National Council of Nagaland-

Khaplang (NSCN-K) also welcomed the development.

Certain neighbouring states, especiallyManipur, raised serious concerns over the cease-fire.

They feared that NSCN would continue insurgent activities in its state and demandedNew

Delhi scrap the ceasefire deal and renew military action. Despite the cease-fire the NSCN has

continued its insurgency[citation needed].

[edit]Assam

AfterNagaland, Assam is the most volatile state in the region. Beginning 1979, the indigenous

people of Assam demanded that the illegal immigrants who had emigrated

from Bangladesh toAssam be detected and deported. The movement lead by All Assam

Students Unionbegan non-violently withsatyagraha, boycotts, picketing and courting arrests.

Those protesting frequently came under police action. In 1983 an election was conducted which

was opposed by the movement leaders. The election lead to widespread violence. The

movement finally ended after the movement leaders signed an agreement (called Assam Accord)

with the central government in 15 August 1985.

Under the provisions of this accord, anyone who entered the state illegally between January 1966

and March 1971 were allowed to remain but were disenfranchised for ten years, while those who

entered after 1971 faced expulsion. A November 1985 amendment to the Indian citizenship law

allows non citizens who entered Assam between 1961 and 1971 to have all the rights of

citizenship except theright to vote for a period of ten years.

New Delhi also gave special administration autonomy to theBodos in the state. However, the

Bodos demanded for a separate Bodoland which led to a clash between the Bengalis, the Bodos

and the Indian military resulting in hundreds of deaths.
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There are several organizations which advocate the independence ofAssam. The most

prominent of which is theULFA (United Liberation Front of Assam). Formed in 1971, the ULFA

has two main goals, the independence ofAssam and the establishment of a socialistgovernment.

The ULFA has carried out several terrorist attacks in the region targeting the Indian Military and

non-combatants. The group assassinates political opponents, attacks police and other security

forces, blasts railroad tracks, and attacks other infrastructure facilities. The ULFA is believed to

have strong links with Nationalist Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN), Maoists and

the Naxalites.

It is also believed that they carry out most of their operations from the Kingdom ofBhutan.

Because of ULFA's increased visibility, the Indian government outlawed the group in 1986 and

declared Assam a troubled area. Under pressure from New Delhi, Bhutan carried a massive

operation to drive out the ULFA militants from its territory.

Backed by the Indian Army,Thimphu was successful in killing more than a thousand terrorists

andextraditing many more to India while sustaining only 120 casualties. The Indian military

undertook several successful operations aimed at countering future ULFA terrorist attacks, but

the ULFA continues to be active in the region. In 2004, the ULFA targeted a public school

inAssam killing 19 children and 5 adults.

Assam remains the only state in the northeast where terrorism is still a major issue. The Indian

Military was successful in dismantling terrorist outfits in other areas, but have been criticized

byhuman rightsgroups for allegedly using harsh methods when dealing with terrorists.

On 18 September 2005, a soldier was killed in Jiribam, Manipur, near the Manipur-Assam border

by members of the ULFA.

[edit]Tripura

Tripura witnessed a surge in terrorist activities in the 1990s. New Delhi blamed Bangladesh for

providing a safe haven to the insurgents operating from its territory. The area under control of

the Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Councilwas increased after a tripartite agreement

betweenNew Delhi, the state government of Tripura, and the Council. The government has since

been brought the movement under control though certain rebellious factions still linger.[edit]Manipur

In Manipur, militants formed an organization known as the People's Liberation Army. Their main

goal was to unite the Meitei tribes ofBurmaand establish an independent state of Manipur.

However, the movement was thought to have been suppressed after a fierce clash with Indian

security forces in the mid 1990s.
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On 18 September 2005, six separatist rebels were killed in fighting between Zomi Revolutionary

Army and Zomi Revolutionary Front in theChurachandpur District.

On 20 September 2005, 14 Indian soldiers were ambushed and killed by 20 rebels from

the Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup(KYKL) terrorist organization, armed with AK-56 rifles, in the village

of Nariang, 22 miles southwest of Manipur's capital Imphal. "Unidentified rebels using automatic

weapons ambushed a road patrol of the army's Gorkha Rifles killing eight on the spot," said a

spokesman for the Indian government.

[edit]Mizoram

The Mizo National Frontfought for over 2 decades with the Indian Military in an effort to gain

independence. As in neighbouring states the insurgency was quelled by force.

[edit]South India

[edit]Karnataka

Karnataka is considerably less affected by terrorism in spite of having many places of historical

importance and the IT hub of India,Bengaluru. However, recently Naxalactivity has been

increasing in theWestern Ghats. Also, a few attacks have occurred, major ones including an

attack onIISc on 28 December 2005 and serial blasts in Bengaluru on 26 July 2008.

[edit]Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradeshis one of the few southern states affected by terrorism, although of a far different

kind and on a much smaller scale.[citation needed] The terrorism in Andhra Pradesh stems from

the People's War Group orPWG, popularly known as Naxalites.

The 'PWG, has been operating in India for over two decades with most of its operations in

the Telangana[citation needed] region inAndhra Pradesh. The group is also active in Orissa andBihar.

Unlike the Kashmiri insurgents andULFA,PWGis aMaoist terrorist organisation

andcommunism is one of its primary goals.[citation needed]

Having failed to capture popular support in the elections, they resorted to violence as a means to

voice their opinions. The group targetsIndian Police, multinational companies and other influential

institutions in the name of the communism. PWGhas also targeted senior government officials,

including the attempted assassination of former Andhra Pradesh Chief MinisterChandrababu

Naidu.

It reportedly has a strength of 800 to 1,000 well armed militiants and is believed to have close

links with the Maoistsin Nepal and the LTTEofSri Lanka. According to the Indian government, on

an average, more than 60 civilians, 60 naxal rebels and a dozen policemen are killed every year
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churachandpur_Districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churachandpur_Districthttp://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/afp/20050920/wl_sthasia_afp/indianortheastunrest_050920073410http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanglei_Yawol_Kanna_Lup&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanglei_Yawol_Kanna_Lup&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imphalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizo_National_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Militaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=20http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=20http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=21http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengaluruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IISchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IISchttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=22http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telanganahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telanganahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmiri_insurgentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULFAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULFAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Policehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Policehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrababu_Naiduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrababu_Naiduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churachandpur_Districthttp://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/afp/20050920/wl_sthasia_afp/indianortheastunrest_050920073410http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanglei_Yawol_Kanna_Lup&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imphalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizo_National_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Militaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=20http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengaluruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IISchttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telanganahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmiri_insurgentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULFAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Policehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrababu_Naiduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrababu_Naiduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoistshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka


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because of PWG led insurgency. Also one of the major terrorist attack is 25 August 2007

Hyderabad Bombing.

[edit]Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu had LTTE Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam militants operating in state Tamil Nadu up

until the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. LTTE had given many speeches in

state Tamil Nadu led by Velupillai Prabhakaran,Tamilselvan and other Eelam members. Tamil

Tigers, now a banned organisation, have been receiving many donations and support from India

in the past. The Tamil Nadu Liberation Army, a militant Tamil movement in India that have ties to

LTTE.[citation needed]

Tamil Nadu also faced terrorist attacks orchestrated by Muslim funadamentalists. For more

information refer, 1998 Coimbatore bombings.

[edit]

In popular cultureTerrorism has also been depicted in various Indian films, prominent among them being Mani

Ratnam's Roja(1992) and Dil Se (1998), Govind Nihlani's Drohkaal(1994), Santosh Sivan'sThe

Terrorist(1999),Anurag Kashyap's Black Friday(2004) on1993 Bombay

bombings,Fanaa(2006) and recently Sikandar(2009) on Terrorism in Kashmir.

[edit]See also

Bajrang Dal

Bombay Blasts

Communalism (South Asia)

Hindutva Terrorism

Islamic terrorism

Lashkar-e-Tayyaba

List of films about terrorism in India

List of terrorist organisations in India

Naxalites

Operation Blue Star

Pakistani state terrorism

Terrorism in Kashmir

Sikh Extremism

[edit]References
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velupillai_Prabhakaranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamilselvanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamilselvanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Liberation_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Coimbatore_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Coimbatore_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_filmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_filmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mani_Ratnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mani_Ratnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil_Sehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govind_Nihlanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govind_Nihlanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drohkaalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santosh_Sivanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santosh_Sivanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terrorist_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terrorist_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terrorist_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terrorist_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurag_Kashyaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurag_Kashyaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurag_Kashyaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Friday_(2004_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Friday_(2004_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanaa_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikandar_(2009_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Mumbai_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communalism_(South_Asia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffron_Terrorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Tayyabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorism_films#Terrorism_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_organisations_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxaliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Blue_Starhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistani_state_terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Extremismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=26http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=26http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velupillai_Prabhakaranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamilselvanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Liberation_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Coimbatore_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_filmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mani_Ratnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mani_Ratnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dil_Sehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govind_Nihlanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drohkaalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santosh_Sivanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terrorist_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Terrorist_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurag_Kashyaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Friday_(2004_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanaa_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikandar_(2009_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajrang_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Mumbai_bombingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communalism_(South_Asia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffron_Terrorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lashkar-e-Tayyabahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorism_films#Terrorism_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_terrorist_organisations_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxaliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Blue_Starhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistani_state_terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Extremismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=26


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1. ^India Assessment 2007

2. ^http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/india/800-terror-cells-active-in-

country/articleshow/3356589.cms

3. ^'Big three' hold key Delhi talksBBC News

4. ^Foreign Ministers of India, China, Russia meet to take forward strategic tiesNew Kerala

5. ^"Indian Police Arrest Islamic Cleric for Blasts".Reuters. 05/04/2006. Retrieved 2009-10-

05.

[edit]Notes

^ "Sleeping over security". (26 August - 8 Sep) Business and Economy, p 38

[edit]External links

Vandana Asthana, "Cross-Border Terrorism in India: Counterterrorism Strategies and

Challenges,"ACDIS Occasional Paper(June 2010), Program in Arms Control, Disarmament,

and International Security (ACDIS), University of Illinois

Islam, Women, and the Violence in Kashmir between India and Pakistan

Scholars respond to the attacks in Mumbai

Inside a jihadi training camp in Azad Kashmir, Radio France Internatioinale in English

3 quc gia bo ng m mu khng b n

Dossier on the Mumbai attacks by Radio France Internationale's English-languageservice

The US and UK may like to believe that they are leading the war on terror globally, but thecountry that has had to face the worst of terrorist attacks on its own soil, barring war-torn Iraq, isIndia.

In fact, India has since 2004 lost more lives to terrorist incidents than all of North America, SouthAmerica, Central America, Europe and Eurasia put together. All of these vast swathes of the globelost a total of 3,280 lives in terrorist incidents between January 2004 and March this year. Indiaalone lost 3,674 lives over the same period of three years and three months.

In yesterday's edition of TOI, in our front page lead report on the Hyderabad blasts, we had saidthat terror groups have left India with perhaps the highest number of civilian victims of terror(apart from war-torn countries like Iraq).

Later, on Sunday, when we looked in detail at the worldwide numbers, we found India not onlyhad the highest number of deaths after Iraq, but also the highest number of terror-relatedincidents and injured among all countries (again, barring Iraq) more than all the war zonesaround the globe. India has been hit by terrorists at will and with chilling regularity Mumbai,Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Malegaon, Varanasi, J&K the list is endless.It's only on one count hostages taken by terror groups that India's at No 3, to Iraq's No 2.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-0%23cite_ref-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-0%23cite_ref-0http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/index.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-1%23cite_ref-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-1%23cite_ref-1http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/india/800-terror-cells-active-in-country/articleshow/3356589.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/india/800-terror-cells-active-in-country/articleshow/3356589.cmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-BIGTHREE_2-0%23cite_ref-BIGTHREE_2-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-BIGTHREE_2-0%23cite_ref-BIGTHREE_2-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6358693.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6358693.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-HOUSE_3-0%23cite_ref-HOUSE_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-HOUSE_3-0%23cite_ref-HOUSE_3-0http://www.newkerala.com/news4.php?action=fullnews&id=104097http://www.newkerala.com/news4.php?action=fullnews&id=104097http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-4%23cite_ref-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-4%23cite_ref-4http://aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=1&id=4412http://aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=1&id=4412http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=27http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#ref_NIC%23ref_NIChttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=28http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=28http://acdis.illinois.edu/publications/207/publication-cross-border-terrorism-in-india-counterterrorism-strategies-and-challenges.htmlhttp://acdis.illinois.edu/publications/207/publication-cross-border-terrorism-in-india-counterterrorism-strategies-and-challenges.htmlhttp://www.confluence.org.uk/2009/01/10/islam-women-and-the-violence-in-kashmir-between-india-and-pakistan/http://www.ssrc.org/blogs/immanent_frame/category/mumbai-1126/http://www.rfi.fr/actuen/articles/101/article_325.asphttp://nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm/anmviewer.asp?a=112293&z=5http://ntsw3siisprod:6128/actuen/pages/001/page_42.asphttp://ntsw3siisprod:6128/actuen/pages/001/page_42.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-0%23cite_ref-0http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/index.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-1%23cite_ref-1http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/india/800-terror-cells-active-in-country/articleshow/3356589.cmshttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/india/800-terror-cells-active-in-country/articleshow/3356589.cmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-BIGTHREE_2-0%23cite_ref-BIGTHREE_2-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6358693.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-HOUSE_3-0%23cite_ref-HOUSE_3-0http://www.newkerala.com/news4.php?action=fullnews&id=104097http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#cite_ref-4%23cite_ref-4http://aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=1&id=4412http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_in_India#ref_NIC%23ref_NIChttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorism_in_India&action=edit&section=28http://acdis.illinois.edu/publications/207/publication-cross-border-terrorism-in-india-counterterrorism-strategies-and-challenges.htmlhttp://acdis.illinois.edu/publications/207/publication-cross-border-terrorism-in-india-counterterrorism-strategies-and-challenges.htmlhttp://www.confluence.org.uk/2009/01/10/islam-women-and-the-violence-in-kashmir-between-india-and-pakistan/http://www.ssrc.org/blogs/immanent_frame/category/mumbai-1126/http://www.rfi.fr/actuen/articles/101/article_325.asphttp://nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm/anmviewer.asp?a=112293&z=5http://ntsw3siisprod:6128/actuen/pages/001/page_42.asphttp://ntsw3siisprod:6128/actuen/pages/001/page_42.asp


12/20

Guess which country was No 1? Nepal, that too by a huge margin, thanks to large-scalekidnappings by Maoists.

Indeed, if one had to pick a terrorist hotspot on the globe it would have to be South Asia. Outsideof Iraq, 20,781 people were killed in terrorist violence between January 2004 and March 2007,according to data available from the Worldwide Incidents Tracking System (WITS) of the US

National Counter-Terrorism Centre (NCTC). Almost half of them, 9,283 to be precise, were killedin South Asia.

Besides India, Afghanistan has seen 2,405 lives being lost while more than 1,000 each have beenkilled in Pakistan and Nepal. Sri Lanka has had 866 terrorism-related deaths and Bangladesh 158.Bhutan and the Maldives are the only South Asian nations not to have lost lives to terror in thisperiod.

20 Most Wanted Terrorists that India has demanded Pakistan toextradite back to India:

1.

Maulana Masood Azhar, leader ofJaish-i-Mohammad, man behind the

attack on India's parliament onDecember 13, 2001. He is also

wanted for an attack on the J&K

Assembly on Oct 1, 2001 in which 38people were killed. He currently lives

in and operates from Bahawalpur,

Pakistan.More... More on Jaish-e-Mohammad

2.Picture Not Yet Available

Hafiz Mohammad Saeed, co-founder of Lashkar-e-Toiba, alsoblamed for the attack on parliament

in New Delhi. He operates fromMuridke town, near Lahore in

Pakistan.More... More on Lashkar-e-Toiba

3.

Dawood Ibrahim, an Indian

underworld don, man behind theplanning and financing 13 explosions

in Mumbai in 1993 in which almost

300 people died. Ibrahim is wanted

in connection with cases of armssupply, counterfeiting, drugs trade,funding alleged criminals, murder

and smuggling. He lives in and

operates from Karachi, Pakistan.
http://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/masoodazhar.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/jaishemohammad.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/HafizMohammedSaeed.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/lashkaretoiba.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/masoodazhar.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/jaishemohammad.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/HafizMohammedSaeed.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/lashkaretoiba.html


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4.

Chhota Shakeel, a key associate ofDawood Ibrahim. Wanted for

murder, extortion, kidnapping,blackmail of businessmen and film

stars in India. He lives in andoperates from Karachi, Pakistan.

5.

"Tiger" Ibrahim Memon, accusedof executing the 1993 Mumbai

blasts. He is wanted in cases ofmurder, extortion, kidnapping,

terrorism and smuggling arms and

explosives in India. He is currentlyliving in Pakistan.

6.

Ayub Memon, accused of executing

the 1993 Mumbai blasts. He isalleged to have helped his brother

Ibrahim Memon carry out the blasts.He is wanted in cases of terrorism

and smuggling. He lives in andoperates from Karachi, Pakistan.

7.

Abdul Razzak, accused ofinvolvement in the Mumbai blasts.

He is wanted in cases of terrorismand arms smuggling. He lives in and

operates from Karachi, Pakistan.


14/20

8.

Syed Salahuddin, head of HizbulMujahideen, which has claimed

responsibility for dozens of attackson Indian forces in Kashmir, India.

He currently lives in and operatesfrom Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.

More... More on Hizbul-Mujahideen

9.

Ibrahim Athar, an associate of

Maulana Azhar Masood and was oneof the hijackers of Indian Airlines

flight IC-814 from Kathmandu toDelhi in 1999. He is a member of

Jaish-i-Mohammad and is wanted forhijacking, kidnapping and murder.

He currently lives in and operatesfrom Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

10.Picture Not Yet Available Zahoor Ibrahim Mistri, a memberof Harkat-ul-Ansar, which later

changed its name to Harkat-ul-Mujahideen. He is wanted in

connection with the hijacking of IC-

814 and in cases of kidnapping andmurder. He lives in and operatesfrom Karachi, Pakistan.

11.

Shahid Akhtar Sayed, is wantedfor the IC-814 hijacking and for

kidnapping and murder. He lives inand operates from Karachi, Pakistan.

12.Picture Not Yet Available Azhar Yusuf, wanted in the IC-814

hijacking case and in cases of

kidnapping and murder. He lives inand operates from Karachi, Pakistan.
http://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/sallahuddin.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/hizbulmujahhdin.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/sallahuddin.htmlhttp://www.kashmirherald.com/profiles/hizbulmujahhdin.html


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13.Picture Not Yet Available Abdul Karim, a Kashmiri terrorist

blamed for more than 30 bombblasts in Delhi and parts of northern

India in 1996-97. He lives in andoperates from Lahore, Pakistan.

14.Picture Not Yet Available Ishaq Atta Hussain, an associate

of Dawood Ibrahim, is wanted inconnection with a conspiracy to kill

Indian Deputy Prime Minister andHome Minister L.K. Advani. He lives

in and operates from Karachi,Pakistan.

15.Picture Not Yet Available Sagir Sabir Ali Shaikh, anassociate of Dawood Ibrahim, is also

wanted in connection with the

conspiracy to kill Advani. He lives inand operates from Karachi, Pakistan.

16.

Wadhawan Singh Babbar, chief of

Sikh group Babbar Khalsa

International, which was involved inan insurgency in East Punjab during

the 1980s. He is wanted in over a

dozen cases of sedition, murder andin connection with the assassination

of East Punjab's then chief ministerBeant Singh. He lives in and

operates from Lahore, Pakistan.

17.Picture Not Yet Available Ranjit Singh Neeta, chief ofKhalistan Zindabad Force. He is

wanted in cases of murder, bomb

blasts and smuggling of arms inIndia. He lives in and operates from

Lahore, Pakistan.

18.Picture Not Yet Available Paramjit Singh Panjwar, leader of

the Khalistan Commando Force. Heis accused of trying to revive the

Sikh insurgency in East Punjab and is

wanted in more than a dozen casesof murder, treason, conspiracy and

arms smuggling. He lives in andoperates from Lahore, Pakistan.

19.Picture Not Yet Available Lakhbir Singh Rode, leader of theInternational Sikh Youth Federation,

is wanted in cases of armssmuggling, conspiracy to attack

government leaders in Delhi and


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inciting religious hatred in EastPunjab. He lives in and operates

from Lahore, Pakistan.

20.Picture Not Yet Available Gajinder Singh, leader of Sikhgroup Dal Khalsa, is accused of

hijacking an Indian Airlines planefrom Srinagar to Delhi in 1981. He

was arrested by Pakistan after hehijacked the plane to Lahore and

tried. He lives in and operates fromLahore, Pakistan.

Terrorist financing came into limelight after the events of terrorism on 9/11. The US passed

the USA PATRIOT Act, among other reasons, to ensure that both combating the financing

ofterrorism (CFT) and anti-money laundering (AML) was given adequate focus by US financial

institutions. The act also hadextraterritorial impact and non-US banks having correspondentbanking accounts or doing business with US banks had to upgrade their AML/CFT processes.

Initially the focus of CFT efforts was on non-profit organisations, unregistered money services

businesses(MSBs) (including so called underground banking orHawalas) and the criminalisation

of the act itself. The Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF) made 9 special

recommendations for CFT (first 8 then a year later added a 9th). These 9 recommendations have

become the global standard for CFT and their effectiveness is assessed almost always in

conjunction with AML.[1]

The FATF Blacklist(the NCCT list) mechanism was used to coerce countries to bring about

change.

Contents

[hide]

1 Money laundering

2 Suspicious activity

3 Bank processes

4 By Countryo 4.1 Germany

5 See also

6 References

7 External links
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9/11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_PATRIOT_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterritorialityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterritorialityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Financial_Action_Task_Force_on_Money_Laundering&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FATFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#cite_note-0%23cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FATF_Blacklisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FATF_Blacklisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#%23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#%23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Money_laundering%23Money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Suspicious_activity%23Suspicious_activityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Bank_processes%23Bank_processeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#By_Country%23By_Countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Germany%23Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#See_also%23See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#References%23Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#External_links%23External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9/11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_PATRIOT_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterritorialityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Financial_Action_Task_Force_on_Money_Laundering&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FATFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#cite_note-0%23cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FATF_Blacklisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#%23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Money_laundering%23Money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Suspicious_activity%23Suspicious_activityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Bank_processes%23Bank_processeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#By_Country%23By_Countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#Germany%23Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#See_also%23See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#References%23Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#External_links%23External_links


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[edit]Money laundering

Main article: Money laundering

Often linked in legislation and regulation, terrorist financing and money laundering are conceptual

opposites. Money laundering is the process where cash raised from criminal activities is made tolook legitimate for re-integration into the financial system, whereas terrorist financing cares little

about the source of the funds, but i t is what the funds are to be used for that defines its scope.

While the fund required for a terrorist act may be as small as US$5,000, the process of recruiting,

training and sustaining sleeper operations over years requires significant amounts of money.

Since it is becoming more difficult for terrorists to raise funds from charities, they have resorted to

money laundering[citation needed]. Terrorists are now working with drug traffickers[citation needed] and

criminals[citation needed] to make and launder the proceeds of crime likefraud,prostitution, intellectual

property theft,smuggling - this is now routine for them.[citation needed]

An in-depth study of the symbiotic relationship between organized crime and terrorist

organizations detected within the United States of America and other areas of the world referred

to as crime-terror nexus points has been published in the forensic literature.[2]The Perri,

Lichtenwald and MacKenzie article emphasizes the importance of multi-agency working groups

and the tools that can be used to identify, infiltrate, and dismantle organizations operating along

the crime-terror nexus points.

Terrorists use low value but high volume fraud activity to fund their operations.[citation

needed]

Paramilitary groups in Northern Irelandare using

[citation needed]

legitimate businesses such ashotels, pubs and taxi operators to launder money and fund political activities. Even beyond

Ireland, terrorists are buying out/controlling front-end businesses especially cash-intensive

businesses including in some cases money services businesses to move monies.[citation needed] Bulk

cash smuggling and placement through cash-intensive businesses is one typology. They are now

also moving monies through the new online payment systems. They also use trade linked

schemes to launder monies. Nonetheless, the older systems have not given way. Terrorists also

continue to move monies through MSBs/Hawalas, and through international ATM

transactions[citation needed]. Charities also continue to be used in countries where controls are not so

stringent.

[edit]Suspicious activity

Operation Green Quest was the US multi-agency task force set up in October 2001 to combat

terrorist financing and had developed a checklist of suspicious activities. The following patterns of
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorist_financing&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorist_financing&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US$http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_traffickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_traffickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smugglinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smugglinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#cite_note-1%23cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#cite_note-1%23cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorist_financing&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorist_financing&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Green_Questhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorist_financing&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_launderinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US$http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_traffickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smugglinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorist_financing#cite_note-1%23cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrorist_financing&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Green_Quest


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activity indicate collection and movement of funds that could be associated with terrorist

financing:

1. Account transactions that are inconsistent with past deposits or withdrawals such

as cash, cheques, wire transfers, etc.2. Transactions involving a high volume of incoming or outgoing wire transfers, with

no logical or apparent purpose that come from, go to, or transit through locations of

concern, that is sanctioned countries, non-cooperative nations and sympathizer nations.

3. Unexplainable clearing or negotiation of third party cheques and their deposits in

foreign bank accounts.

4. Structuring at multiple branches or the same branch with multiple activities.

5. Corporate layering, transfers between bank accounts of related entities or

charities for no apparent reasons.6. Wire transfers by charitable organisations to companies located in countries

known to be bank ortax havens.

7. Lack of apparent fund raising activity, for example a lack of small cheques or

typical donations associated with charitable bank deposits.

8. Using multiple accounts to collect funds that are then transferred to the same

foreign beneficiaries

9. Transactions with no logical economic purpose, that is, no link between the

activity of the organization and other parties involved in the transaction.

10. Overlapping corporate officers, bank signatories, or other identifiable similarities

associated with addresses, references and financial activities.

11. Cash debiting schemes in which deposits in the US correlate directly with ATM

withdrawals in countries of concern. Reverse transactions of this nature are also

suspicious.

12. Issuing cheques, money orders or otherfinancial instruments, often numbered

sequentially, to the same person or business, or to a person or business whose name is

spelled similarly.

It would be difficult to determine by the activity alone whether the particular act was related to

terrorism or to organized crime. For this reason, these activities must be examined in context with

other factors in order to determine a terrorist financing connection. Simple transactions can be

found to be suspect and money laundering derived from terrorism will typically involve instances

in which simple operations had been performed (retail foreign exchangeoperations, international
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