TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING ENGLISH PREPOSITIONS TO THE SECOND

GRADE STUDENTS USED BY THE ENGLISH TEACHER OF

ST. CLARA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

A THESIS

As a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Pendidikan

Degree in English Language Teaching Faculty

By:

ELISABETH HARDIANTINAWATI

1213007065

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHING TRAINING AND EDUCATION

WIDYA MANDALA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY

SURABAYA

JULY 2011

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the writer would like to express her gratitude to

Jesus Christ for His love, grace, and blessing so that she could finish

her study and thesis. The writer would like to thank the following

people who have helped her in the process of completing this thesis,

especially:

1) Prof. Dr. Agustinus Ngadiman, the writer’s advisor

and also academic advisor for spending much time to

guide the writer during the process of doing this thesis.

Without his supports, advice, and suggestions the

writer would not be able to finish this thesis.

2) All lecturers who have educated and helped the writer

during her study.

3) Missionary Clarissan of Sisters congregation,

especially Sr. Maria Veronica Endah Wulandari, MC,

superior Regional in Indonesia, who has supported her

with the facilities and the funding to finish her study

and thesis.

4) Sr. Paulina, MC as the principal of St. Clara

Elementary School who gave permission for the study

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and Mrs. Desi Fidyanti, the English teacher and

second-grader students of St. Clara Elementary School

who were willing to participate for research.

5) All beloved sisters in Surabaya Community, for giving

her supports and prayers and all the wonderful things

they have done.

6) Her beloved father in heaven, mother, and siblings, for

encouraging her never ending love, supports, and

prayers.

7) Her beloved friends abroad for their encouragements

and prayers when she felt down in doing her thesis.

8) All her friends who have supported and assisted while

doing her thesis.

9) All people whose names have not been mentioned for

their help, supports, and prayers during her study.

Surabaya, July 2011

The writer,

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

SURAT PERNYATAAN ………………………………………. i APRROVAL SHEET ………………………..…………………. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................ vi LIST OF TABLES ................................................................. viii LIST OF DIAGRAM AND FIGURES ………………….. ix ABSTRACT ………………………………………………... x CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study …………………….. 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ………………….. 3 1.3 Objective of the Study …………………….. 4 1.4 The Significance of the Study ………………. 4 1.5 Theoretical Framework …………………….. 5 1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study ………….. 7 1.7 Definition of Key Terms ……………………. 7 1.8 Assumptions ……………………………….. 8 1.9 The Organization of the Study ………………. 8

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Teaching English to Young Learners ………….. 10 2.2 English Preposition ………………………….. 11

2.2.1 Prepositions of Location ………… 12 2.2.2 Prepositions of Spatial Relationships….13 2.2.3 Prepositions of Direction ……………13 2.2.4 Prepositions of Time ………………… 15

2.3 Teaching Preposition to Young Learners .…… 18 2.4 Method, Approach, and Technique ..………… 19

2.5 Teaching Techniques of English Preposition . 23 2.6 Related Studies..……..……………………… 35 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ……………………………. 40 3.2 Subject ..………………………………… 41

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3.3 Instrument ..………………………………… 41 3.4 The Source of Data …………………….. 44 3.5 The Procedure of Collecting Data …....... 45 3.6 Data Analysis Technique ……………….. 46 CHAPTER IV: RESULT OF OBSERVATION, FINDING, AND DISCUSSION 4.1 The Results of Observation ……………… 47 4.1.1 Observation in Class 2 C …………. 47 4.1.2 Observation in Class 2 A ………… 65

4.2 Findings ………………………………….. 71 4.2.1 English Preposition Taught …….. 74 4.2.2 The Techniques of Teaching English

Prepositions……………………....... 74 4.3 Discussion …………………………….. 80 4.3.1 Discussion in the Prepositions Taught ….80 4.3.2 Discussion in Teaching Techniques Used 81 CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Summary…………………………………….. 87 5.2 Conclusions ………………………………… 88 5.3 Suggestions…………………………………… 89 5.3.1 Suggestion for The English Teacher …. 89 5.3.2 Suggestions for Further researcher ……. 90 REFERENCES ……………………………………………… 91 APPENDICES ……………………………………………… 96

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LIST OF TABLES Table Page Table 3.1 ObservationCheck List One …………………… 43 Table 3.2 ObservationCheck List Two …………………… 43 Table 3.3 Techniques of Teaching English Prepositions … 46 Table 4.1 The Activities of Teacher and Student A ……. 57 Table 4.2 Student C’s Activities …................................ 58 Table 4.3 ObservationCheck List One ………………… 72 Table 4.4 ObservationCheck List Two ………………. 73 Table 4.5 The Techniques of Teaching English Preposition 75 Table 4.6 The Pronunciation …………………………… 79 Table 4.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of the

Techniques.……………………………………. 85

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LIST OF DIAGRAM AND FIGURES Diagram Page Diagram 3.1 Research Design ……………………… 41 Figure Figure 4.1 Worksheet ………………………………. 60 Figure 4.2 Word List Game ……………………… 61 Figure 4.3 Reading …………………………………. 63 Figure 4.4 The Exercises ………………………… 64 Figure 4.5 The Dialogue ……………………………. 65 Figure 4.6 The First Game ……………………….. 67 Figure 4.7 The Second Game …………………….. 68 Figure 4.8 Worksheet …………………………… 68 Figure 4.9 Reading ………………………………… 70 Figure 4.10 The Exercises …………………………… 71

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ABSTRACT Hardiantinawati, Elisabeth. 2011. TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING ENGLISH PREPOSITIONS TO THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS USED BY THE ENGLISH TEACHER OF ST. CLARA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, S-1 thesis, English Department Faculty of Teacher Training and Pedagogy Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya. Advisor: Prof. Dr. Agustinus Ngadiman Key words: Teaching Technique, English Teacher, Elementary School, English Prepositions St. Clara Elementary School is a private school which provides English as local content subject. It is taught from the first grade. English prepositions are among crucial grammatical points that students struggle with so that the teacher needs to master the material and the techniques in teaching them. The use of the right techniques can assist the success for the students in learning English. The objectives of this study is to know the kinds of English preposition taught for the second graders and the techniques used by English teacher at this elementary two school. It is a non-participant observation. Analysis is done after interviewing, and recording the teaching-learning activities. The data of the study is the kinds of English prepositions taught and the techniques used by the English teacher in teaching English preposition. The data is compared with the theories from the experts.

The study reveals, that (1) English prepositions taught at second-graders of St. Clara Elementary School are in, on, under, behind, beside, between, in front of, and above. (2) The kinds of the techniques in teaching English prepositions used are TPR, Dialogue, Games, Gap Filling, and Reading Aloud. The techniques used are effective. By doing this, the teacher applies the techniques based on the functions. These techniques can encourage the students to understand the lesson well.

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Based on the findings, some suggestions are proposed. The English teacher has applied the various techniques in teaching English preposition. It can be proven from the activities of the teacher and students during the teaching-learning activities. Other English teachers are suggested to use the various techniques in teaching English prepositions in order to make the students of elementary school master the use of English preposition correctly. Other researchers who interested follow up the study are suggested to observe all English teachers, all classes and do observation more than once.