Technical Report. POOLE TOWN FC 12/11/2010 FOOTBALL PITCH FLOODLIGHTING LOW LIGHT POLLUTION INSTALLATION Abacus Ref:UKS6113/5 Abacus Design Outline. In designing as suitable floodlighting solution for the Main Pitch & Community Pitch at Poole Town FC several key specification issues had to be considered. These included establishing the illuminance level required, the environmental zone category for the site, the minimum mast height & the number type of floodlights. Details of how these issues were resolved are as follows:- 1. To ascertain the illuminance level required we referred BS EN 12193 (Sports Lighting)

which outlines the minimum standards for sports lighting in Europe. This requires a maintained illuminance level of 200 Lux for Class II(Competition Standard) & 75 Lux for Class III(Training Standard) installations.

2. For the relevant environmental zone reference was made The Institution of Lighting Engineers: Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light, 2005. This document categorises the environment into four zones ranging from National Parks to City Centres. The site at Poole FC would fall into Zone E2 for rural locations or small villages.

3. The mast height was calculated using the method detailed in the CIBSE guide LG4 “Sports Lighting”. This uses angles projected from the centre of the pitch & the touch line to produce a head frame location zone. When applied to this project the optimum mast height ranged from 18m to 20m for the Main Pitch & 15m to 18m for the Community Pitch. An 20m mounting height was chosen for the Main Pitch & 15m for the Community Pitch. These mounting heights will allow the floodlights to be mounted as near to horizontal as possible. This will result in low vertical overspill & good uniformity on the playing surface, without compromising cost. The slimline raining & lowering masts will minimise daytime intrusion as well as offering simple & safe maintenance of the lighting system. If the mounting height was reduced the floodlights would have to be elevated at higher angles resulting in significantly increasing overspill & glare.

4. In order to meet the requirements of The Institution of Lighting Engineers: Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light, 2005, the Abacus AL5760 Challenger 1 floodlight, using Flat Glass Technology was chosen as being suitable. Details of the main features of this product are highlighted below.

Abacus AL5760 Challenger 1 Floodlight. The Abacus AL5760 series floodlight has been specifically designed to fulfil the requirements of sports area lighting. It is particularly suited to applications were low light

pollution is essential. The floodlight incorporates the Abacus Light Control system to ensure that light pollution is minimised. The AL5760 series floodlight features a Double Asymmetric reflector which a produces full flow of light over the application area. The main beam of light is emitted at an angle of 60 degrees forward when the front glass is horizontal. This results in a flat floodlight appearance & as a consequence reduces the area of reflector visible to residents outside the site. The Internal Baffle re-directs upward waste light back into the floodlight beam, providing increased efficiency. At angles above the beam it also shields the view of the lamp, thus reducing glare to participants. By using Flat Glass Technology overspill & upward light is therefore reduced in the surrounding environment. The AL5760 series has been designed to accept many lamp types from several manufactures, including the latest metal halide & high pressure sodium, double-ended lamps. The use of double-ended lamps ensures that the light source is always located precisely in the optical system, further improving light control & installation accuracy. Rear lamp access also allows ease of maintenance. Further features of the Challenger 1 include the following:-

Compact wind area, this allows smaller mast & foundations to be used.

High quality, high pressure die cast body, finished polyester powder coated grey.

High purity polished reflector system.

Toughened front glass.

IP66 ingress protection (floodlight housing & ignitor box). For full details of dimensions & specification please see the colour brochure enclosed. Abacus Lighting Design Ref: UKS6113/5 The Abacus lighting proposals are detailed on the drawing reference UKS6113/5 these show the mast locations, floodlight orientations, illuminance levels on the pitch & projected overspill values. The design achieves a maintained illuminance value of 235 Lux with a uniformity of 0.69 for the Main Pitch & 110 Lux with a uniformity of 0.63 for the Community Pitch. The maintained illuminance values are calculated using a maintenance factor of 0.77. This takes into account light losses due to dirt accumulation on the floodlight front glass & lamp lumen depreciation, ensuring that the minimum requirements for safe play are achieved. The use of the Challenger 1 floodlight ensures that horizontal & vertical overspill containment is excellent. As less than 5 Lux vertical illuminance will be projected towards any residential property the system will meet the requirements for an environmental zone E2 location. Upward waste light will also be minimised as all of the floodlights are elevated less than 10 degrees above the horizontal, resulting in as ULOR of just 1.9%. This will meet the recommendations of The Campaign For Dark Skies, an organisation who lobby for low light pollution systems & recommend the use of Abacus Challenger 1 systems. All design calculations have been undertaken using an open, unobstructed site, the values of overspill will be further reduced any existing mature trees or natural screening.

Conclusion. The proposed system would be suitable for installing in an environmental zone E2, meeting the most stringent of light control parameters whilst maintaining the specified illuminance levels for the sports pitch. The impact on residents will be minimised as overspill values into gardens will be less than moonlight & vertical illuminance into windows before curfew are very much below the values recommended by the ILE. Daytime visual impact will also be minimised by using slimline masts & light grey floodlights which do not stand out against the skyline. Once installed the AL5760 series light control system will provide the optimum sports lighting solution, ensuring that light reaches the sports surface & not into the sky or polluting the environment. For and on behalf of Abacus Lighting Ltd Neil Johnson | Abacus Lighting Ltd Sports Lighting Manager(UK) - Oddicroft Lane, Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, NG17 5FT, United Kingdom - Tel +44 (0)1623 518 268 | Mob +44 (0)7973 655 543 Fax +44(0)1623 523 268 - www.abacuslighting.com | twitter.com/AbacusLighting njohnson@abacuslighting.com

72 www.abacuslighting.com

Benefits• Challenger 1 gives excellent light

control; reducing light overspill, upward light and glare

• Includes a double asymmetric distribution with Flat Glass Technology

• Designed for lighting outdoor sports grounds and smaller sports stadiums where obtrusive light control is an essential requirement

• The Challenger 1 floodlight now contains a factory fitted 2kw cut-out ignitor which offers better protection for the lamp and floodlight cabling

Technical Features• Body of high-pressure die cast

aluminium, first given a zinc chromate substrate, then finished in RAl7035 light grey polyester powder coating for optimum protection against harsh environments

• Narrow, medium and wide beam, double asymmetric light distributions

• Toughened front glass, secured within an aluminium frame

• Double asymmetric reflector system of high purity, polished and anodised aluminium. Incorporating an internal baffle to improve efficiency and reduce glare

• Galvanised steel stirrup, with additional locking screws

• Sealed to IP66; with silicone rubber gasketing

• Electrical connection box (IP66) housing ignitor, located on the side of the stirrup, fitted with 2 x GORE™ membrane breathers

• Simple aiming using a separate aiming device for accurate results

• Breather management system regulates air flow through the cable hose and in/out through IP67 GORE™ membrane. This method alleviates stress on the front glass

FLOODLIGHTING

CHALLENGER 1 AL5760®

Fels Point Tennis Club, Ireland

Professional lighting systems to suit any project. Call 01623 518 333 73

Beam Type lamp: Manufacturer Product Code

lamp Manufacturer

lamp: Abacus Product Code

lampholder Type

AL5761 Narrow 2kW: MHN-lA 2000W/842 & 956

Philips lPP2000MHN-TD (842) & lPP2000/D (956)

XWH UNP

AL5762 Medium 2kW: MHN-lA 2000W/842 & 956

Philips lPP2000MHN-TD (842) & lPP2000/D (956)

XWH UNP

AL5763 Wide 2kW: MHN-lA 2000W/842 & 956

Philips lPP2000MHN-TD (842) & lPP2000/D (956)

XWH UNP

AL5764 Narrow 2kW: HQI-TS 2000W/N/l K12S FS1

Osram lPW20000M/lA K12s-7

AL5765 Medium 2kW: HQI-TS 2000W/N/l K12S FS1

Osram lPW20000M/lA K12s-7

AL5766 Wide 2kW: HQI-TS 2000W/N/l K12S FS1

Osram lPW20000M/lA K12s-7

AL5767 Narrow 2kW: MH-TS 2000W/l/K12/45K Venture lPV2000M/lA K12s-7

AL5768 Medium 2kW: MH-TS 2000W/l/K12/45K Venture lPV2000M/lA K12s-7

AL5769 Wide 2kW: MH-TS 2000W/l/K12/45K Venture lPV2000M/lA K12s-7

AL5770 Narrow 1kW: MHN-lA 1000W/842 & 956

Philips lPP1000MHN-TD (842) & lPP1000MHD-TD (956)

XWH UNP

AL5771 Medium 1kW: MHN-lA 1000W/842 & 956

Philips lPP1000MHN-TD (842) & lPP1000MHD-TD (956)

XWH UNP

AL5772 Wide 1kW: MHN-lA 1000W/842 & 956

Philips lPP1000MHN-TD (842) & lPP1000MHD-TD (956)

XWH UNP

AL5773 Narrow 2kW: MHN-FC2000/740 Philips lPP2000MHN-FC XW UNP

AL5774 Medium 2kW: MHN-FC2000/740 Philips lPP2000MHN-FC XW UNP

AL5775 Wide 2kW: MHN-FC2000/740 Philips lPP2000MHN-FC XW UNP

AL5776 Narrow 1kW: MHN-FC1000/740 Philips lPP1000MHN-FC XW UNP

AL5777 Medium 1kW: MHN-FC1000/740 Philips lPP1000MHN-FC XW UNP

AL5778 Wide 1kW: MHN-FC1000/740 Philips lPP1000MHN-FC XW UNP

lamp Manufacturer & lamp Ref.

lamp Wattage

Colour Temp

RA: lamp lumen Output: (Initial Im)

lamp Current:

Supply Voltage Total Circuit Power:

VentureMH-TS2000W/l/K12/4K

2kW 4500K

65 240,000 I.lm 10.3A 380/400/415V 2150W

PhilipsMHN-lA2KW400V/842 2kW 4200K

80 220,000 I.lm 9.6A 380/400/415V 2105W

MHN-lA2KW400V/956 2kW 5600K 90 190,000 I.lm 10.3A 380/400/415V 2113W

MHN-lA1KW230V/842 1kW 4200K 80 100,000 I.lm 9.3A 230/240V 1040W

MHN-lA1KW230V/956 1kW 5600K 90 90,000 I.lm 10.1A 230/240V 1040W

MHN-FC2000W/740 2kW 4200K 60 210,000 I.lm 10.1A 380/400/415V 2032W

MHN-FC1000W/740 1kW 4100K 65 93,000 I.lm 10A 230/240V 1040W

osramHQI-TS2000WNl

2kW 4400K

65 230,000 I.lm 10.7A 380/400/415V 2180W

HQI-TS2000WDl 2kW 5400K 85 20,5000 I.lm 10.3A 380/400/415V 2180W

FLOO

DLIG

HTIN

G

MHN-FCHQI-TS HQI-TS

MHN-LA

Lamp references

Technical information may alter dependent on control gear used

key features

Abacus Lighting Control SystemA combination of efficient lighting design and careful floodlight design has rewarded Abacus with an international reputation for pioneering high performance floodlighting combined with effective control of obtrusive light.

Specific to Challenger 1 the Abacus light Control System consists of a series of complimentary measures to effectively control light pollution.

double Asymmetric Reflector The double asymmetric reflector is designed to ensure full flow of light over the lit area from each floodlight. With the main beam emitted from the floodlight at an angle of 60 degrees forward from the normal to the front glass, it results in a flat appearance (fig 1). The benefit is that less of the reflector is visible to spectators and onlookers, resulting in low glare to the surrounding locality.

Internal BaffleThe internal baffle re-directs upward stray light back into the floodlight beam, providing increased efficiency. At angles above the beam the baffle shields direct lamp glare (fig 3).

Produces sharp run back above high peak resulting in greater overspill containment and minimal intrusion to adjacent areas bordering the installation (fig 2).

Maintenance

Easy Maintenance: Access to the lamp by means of opening the rear door

74 www.abacuslighting.com

DimensionsDimensions in mm

Mounting: Stirrup mounted using M20 fixing Stirrup adjustment +/- 140º

254

513 24070

431

277

340

125

258

3 x ø21mm

142

523

491

fig.2 fig.3

Lamp

Reduced direct glare

Baffle

fig.1

IPK60º

1.

AL5764/AL5767 2kW HQI - TS / MH - TS Narrow beam

cd/k

lm

AL5765/AL5768 2kW HQI - TS / MH - TS Medium beam

2.

cd/k

lm

3.

AL5766/AL57692kW HQI - TS / MH - TS Wide beam

cd/k

lm

Weight: 20Kg. Front wind area: @60° setting (Flat Glass) - 0.126m² 70° max setting (+10 elevation) - 0.135m². side wind area: 0.108m²

ILE Copyright 2005 1

The Institution of Lighting Engineers E�mail ile@ile.org.uk Website www.ile.org.uk

GUIDANCE NOTES FOR THE REDUCTION OF OBTRUSIVE LIGHT

ALL LIVING THINGS adjust their behaviour according to natural light. Man's invention of artificial light has done much to enhance our night�time environment but, if not properly controlled, obtrusive light (commonly referred to as light pollution) can present serious physiological and ecological problems.

Obtrusive Light, whether it keeps you awake through a bedroom window or impedes your view of the night sky, is a form of pollution and can be substantially reduced without detriment to the lighting task.

Sky glow, the brightening of the night sky above our towns, cities and countryside, Glare the uncomfortable brightness of a light source when viewed against a dark background, and Light Trespass, the spilling of light beyond the boundary of the property or area being lit, are all forms of obtrusive light which may cause nuisance to others, waste money and electricity and result in the unnecessary emissions of greenhouse gases. Think before you light. Is it necessary? What effect will it have on others? Will it cause a nuisance? How can I minimise the problem?

Do not "over" light. This is a major cause of obtrusive light and is a waste of energy. There are published standards for most lighting tasks, adherence to which will help minimise upward reflected light. Organisations from which full details of these standards can be obtained are given on the last page of this leaflet.

Dim or switch off lights when the task is finished. Generally a lower level of lighting will suffice to enhance the night time scene than that required for safety and security.

Institution of Lighting Engineers Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01

ILE Copyright 2005 2

Use specifically designed lighting equipment that minimises the upward spread of light near to and above the horizontal. Care should be taken when selecting luminaires to ensure that appropriate units are chosen and that their location will reduce spill light and glare to a minimum. Remember that lamp light output in LUMENS is not the same as lamp wattage and that it is the former that is important in combating the problems of obtrusive light

Keep glare to a minimum by ensuring that the main beam angle of all lights directed towards any potential observer is not more than 70o. Higher mounting heights allow lower main beam angles, which can assist in reducing glare. In areas with low ambient lighting levels, glare can be very obtrusive and extra care should be taken when positioning and aiming lighting equipment. With regard to domestic security lighting the ILE produces an information leaflet GN02 that is freely available from its web site. The UK Government will be providing an annex to PPS23 Planning and Pollution Control, specifically on obtrusive light. However many Local Planning Authorities (LPA’s) have already produced, or are producing, policies that within the new planning system will become part of the local development framework. For new developments there is an opportunity for LPA’s to impose planning conditions related to external lighting, including curfew hours. For sports lighting installations (see also design standards listed on Page 4) the use of luminaires with double�asymmetric beams designed so that the front glazing is kept at or near parallel to the surface being lit should, if correctly aimed, ensure minimum obtrusive light. In most cases it will also be beneficial to use as high a mounting height as possible, giving due regard to the daytime appearance of the installation. The requirements to control glare for the safety of road users are given in Table 2.

When lighting vertical structures such as advertising signs direct light downwards, wherever possible. If there is no alternative to up�lighting, as with much decorative

lighting of buildings, then the use of shields, baffles and louvres will help reduce spill light around and over the structure to a minimum. For road and amenity lighting installations, (see also design standards listed on Page 4) light near to and above the horizontal should normally be minimised to reduce glare and sky glow (Note ULRs in Table 1). In sensitive rural areas the use of full horizontal cut off luminaires installed at 0o uplift will, in addition to reducing sky glow, also help to minimise visual intrusion within the open landscape. However in many urban locations, luminaires fitted with a more decorative bowl and good optical control of light should be acceptable and may be more appropriate.

Institution of Lighting Engineers Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01

ILE Copyright 2005 3

ENVIRONMENTAL ZONES: It is recommended that Local Planning Authorities specify the following environmental zones for exterior lighting control within their Development Plans. Category Examples E1: Intrinsically dark landscapes National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, etc E2: Low district brightness areas Rural, small village, or relatively dark urban locations E3: Medium district brightness areas Small town centres or urban locations E4: High district brightness areas Town/city centres with high levels of night�time activity Where an area to be lit lies on the boundary of two zones the obtrusive light limitation values used should be those applicable to the most rigorous zone. DESIGN GUIDANCE The following limitations may be supplemented or replaced by a LPA’s own planning guidance for exterior lighting installations. As lighting design is not as simple as it may seem, you are advised to consult and/or work with a professional lighting designer before installing any exterior lighting. Table 1 – Obtrusive Light Limitations for Exterior Lighting Installations

Light Trespass (into Windows) Ev [Lux] (2)

Source Intensity I [kcd] (3)

Building Luminance Pre�curfew (4)

Environmental Zone

Sky Glow ULR [Max %] (1) Pre� curfew Post� curfew Pre� curfew Post� curfew Average,

L [cd/m2] E1 0 2 1* 2.5 0 0 E2 2.5 5 1 7.5 0.5 5 E3 5.0 10 2 10 1.0 10 E4 15.0 25 5 25 2.5 25

ULR = Upward Light Ratio of the Installation is the maximum permitted percentage of luminaire flux for the total installation that goes directly into the sky. Ev = Vertical Illuminance in Lux and is measured flat on the glazing at the centre of the window I = Light Intensity in Cd L = Luminance in Cd/m2 Curfew = The time after which stricter requirements (for the control of obtrusive light) will apply; often a condition of use of lighting applied by the local planning authority. If not otherwise stated � 23.00hrs is suggested. * = From Public road lighting installations only (1) Upward Light Ratio – Some lighting schemes will require the deliberate and careful use of upward light – e.g.

ground recessed luminaires, ground mounted floodlights, festive lighting – to which these limits cannot apply. However, care should always be taken to minimise any upward waste light by the proper application of suitably directional luminaires and light controlling attachments.

(2) Light Trespass (into Windows) – These values are suggested maxima and need to take account of existing light trespass at the point of measurement. In the case of road lighting on public highways where building facades are adjacent to the lit highway, these levels may not be obtainable. In such cases where a specific complaint has been received, the Highway Authority should endeavour to reduce the light trespass into the window down to the after curfew value by fitting a shield, replacing the luminaire, or by varying the lighting level.

(3) Source Intensity – This applies to each source in the potentially obtrusive direction, outside of the area being lit. The figures given are for general guidance only and for some sports lighting applications with limited mounting heights, may be difficult to achieve.

(4) Building Luminance – This should be limited to avoid over lighting, and related to the general district brightness. In this reference building luminance is applicable to buildings directly illuminated as a night�time feature as against the illumination of a building caused by spill light from adjacent luminaires or luminaires fixed to the building but used to light an adjacent area.

Institution of Lighting Engineers Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01

ILE Copyright 2005 4

TI = Threshold Increment is a measure of the loss of visibility caused by the disability glare from the obtrusive light installation (5) Road Classifications as given in BS EN 13201 � 2: 2003 Road lighting Performance requirements

Limits apply where users of transport systems are subject to a reduction in the ability to see essential information. Values given are for relevant positions and for viewing directions in path of travel. See CIE Publication 150:2003, Section 5.4 for methods of determination. For a more detailed description and methods for calculating and measuring the above parameters see CIE Publication 150:2003.

RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS AND STANDARDS: British Standards: BS 5489�1: 2003 Code of practice for the design of road lighting – Part 1: Lighting of roads and www.bsi.org.uk public amenity areas BS EN 13201�2:2003 Road lighting – Part 2: Performance requirements BS EN 13201�3:2003 Road lighting – Part 3: Calculation of performance BS EN 13201�4:2003 Road lighting – Part 4: Methods of measuring lighting performance. BS EN 12193: 2003 Light and lighting – Sports lighting Countryside Commission/DOE Lighting in the Countryside: Towards good practice (1997) (Out of Print) www.odpm.gov.uk CIBSE/SLL Publications: CoL Code for Lighting (2002) www.cibse.org LG1 The Industrial Environment (1989) LG4 Sports (1990+Addendum 2000) LG6 The Exterior Environment (1992) FF7 Environmental Considerations for Exterior Lighting (2003) CIE Publications: 01 Guide lines for minimizing Urban Sky Glow near Astronomical Observatories (1980) www.cie.co.at 83 Guide for the lighting of sports events for colour television and film systems (1989) 92 Guide for floodlighting (1992) 115 Recommendations for the lighting of roads for motor and pedestrian traffic (1995) 126 Guidelines for minimizing Sky glow (1997) 129 Guide for lighting exterior work areas (1998) 136 Guide to the lighting of urban areas (2000) 150 Guide on the limitations of the effect of obtrusive light from outdoor lighting installations (2003) 154 The Maintenance of outdoor lighting systems (2003) Department of Transport Road Lighting and the Environment (1993) (Out of Print) www.defra.gov.uk ILE Publications: TR 5 Brightness of Illuminated Advertisements (2001) www.ile.org TR24 A Practical Guide to the Development of a Public Lighting Policy for Local Authorities (1999) GN02 Domestic Security Lighting, Friend or Foe ILE/CIBSE Joint Publications Lighting the Environment � A guide to good urban lighting (1995) ILE/CSS Joint Publications Seasonal Decorations – Code of Practice (2005) Campaign for Dark Skies (CfDS) www.dark�skies.org NB: These notes are intended as guidance only and the application of the values given in Tables 1 & 2 should be given due consideration along with all other factors in the lighting design. Lighting is a complex subject with both objective and subjective criteria to be considered. The notes are therefore no substitute for professionally assessed and designed lighting, where the various and maybe conflicting visual requirements need to be balanced. © 2005 The Institution of Lighting Engineers. Permission is granted to reproduce and distribute this document, subject to the restriction that the complete document must be copied, without alteration, addition or deletion.

Table 2 – Maximum Values of Threshold Increment from Non�Road Lighting Installations

Road Classification (5)

No road lighting ME5 ME4/ ME3 ME2 / ME1

Light Technical Parameter TI 15% based on adaptation

luminance of 0.1cd/m2

15% based on adaptation luminance of 1cd/m

2

15% based on adaptation luminance of 2 cd/m

2

15% based on adaptation luminance of 5 cd/m

2