technical presentation on rfid
DESCRIPTION
A brief introduction about Radio Frequency Identification.TRANSCRIPT
…nurturing minds to empower future
History
What is RFID?
What is RFID Tag?
Types of RFID Tags
EPC
Applications
Supply Chain Management
Future – Smart World
Manual Billing
Use Calculator
Increase the number of cashiers
Billing Machines
Barcode
RFID
Radio Frequency Identification – is
an automatic identification method, relying
on storing and remotely retrieving data using
devices called RFID tags or transponders
using high frequency Radio waves.
A Tag is a transponder which receives a radio signal and in response to it sends out a radio signal.
Tag contains an antenna, and a small silicon chip that stores a small amount of data
Tag is powered by the high power electromagnetic field generated by the antennas – usually in doorways
The field allows the chip/antenna to reflect back an extremely weak signal containing the data
ACTIVEPASSIVE
When radio waves from the reader are encountered by a passive RFID tag, the coiled antenna within the tag forms a magnetic field.
The tag draws power from it, energizing the circuits in the tag.
The tag then sends the information encoded in the tag's memory
PASSIVE
The tag functions without a battery!
They have a useful life of twenty years or more.
Less expensive to manufacture
The tag is much smaller (some tags are the size of a grain of rice).
Almost unlimited applications in consumer goods and other areas.
PASSIVE
Very Short Distance◦ The tag can be read only at very short distances,
typically a few feet at most.
◦ This greatly limits the device for certain applications.
Very Long Time◦ The tag remains readable for a very long time, even
after the product to which the tag is attached has been sold and is no longer being tracked
PASSIVE
An RFID tag is an active tag when it is equipped with a battery that can be used as a partial or complete source of power for the tag's circuitry and antenna.
Some active tags contain replaceable batteries for years of use; others are sealed units.
ACTIVE
It can be read at distances of one hundred feet or more, greatly improving the utility of the device
The capability of actively initiating communications
ACTIVE
The tag cannot function without battery power, which limits the lifetime of the tag.
More expensive, often costing $20 or more
Physically larger, which may limit applications.
The long-term maintenance costs
Battery outages can result in expensive misreads.
ACTIVE
PASSIVE ACTIVE
PASSIVE ACTIVE
Primary Purpose Identifying Identifying/Locating
PASSIVE ACTIVE
Primary Purpose Identifying Identifying/Locating
Range Short Long
PASSIVE ACTIVE
Primary Purpose Identifying Identifying/Locating
Range Short Long
Cost $0.20 to $5.0 $5 to $100
PASSIVE ACTIVE
Primary Purpose Identifying Identifying/Locating
Range Short Long
Cost $0.20 to $5.0 $5 to $100
PowerFunctions without a
batteryFunctions with battery
Electronic Product Code – 96 bits
296
◦ =79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336
◦ =79,228 trillion trillion
96 bits can uniquely label all products on planet earth for the next 1,000 years
Retail shelf management
Self checkout
Inventory Management
Warehouse Management
Theft control systems
Clinical Monitoring
Airline Handling, eliminate Passport
Warranty and maintenance
Library Check out
Building Access control
Pet Identification
Railroad
Supply chain
Inventory control
Equipment control
Automobile on toll roads
Automobile
Building access
Garage access
American Express
Mastercard
Visa
Human implantable RFID tag operating at about 134 KHz because at these frequencies the RF can penetrate mud, blood, and water
About the size of uncooked grain of rice
VeriChip linked to healthcare information
Healthcare applications◦ Implanted medical device identification◦ Emergency access to patient-supplied health information◦ Portable medical records access including insurance
information◦ In-hospital patient identification◦ Medical facility connectivity via patient◦ Disease/treatment management of at-risk populations (such
as vaccination history)
Manufacturing Unit
Distribution Center
BackRoom
Shelf
Customer
Number of OOS Items – Top 2000 UPCs
360
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
Number of OOS Items per Store
18%
15%
Sat Sun Sun Mon Mon Tue Tue Wed Wed Thu Thu Fri Fri Sat12pm 12am 12pm 12am 12pm 12am 12pm 12am 12pm 12am 12pm 12am 12pm 12am
No Purchase /
Change to
Different Store
Substitution
31% 50% 69%
31%50%69%
1st Time 2nd Time 3rd Time
Consumer Reaction to Stockouts (%)
Store staff don’t know when shelves are empty
Can’t find the product in the backroom to restock
Book inventory records not accurate
Supply chain shrinkagefurther corrupts the data
Automatic replenishment programs compromised
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Cen
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Sto
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Sto
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Tra
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Gillette is a $10 billion Company:◦ At 10% Out of Stocks maximum today
◦ Cost the Company up to US$1 billion in lost sales
◦ Discounted by 50%, still worth US$ 500 million in new sales!
RFID enabling technology could be the “Silver Bullet“
Global Value Chain: Seamless Interaction & No Out-Of-Stocks
Tagged cases/pallets –Within Gillette’s '4 Walls'
Unit level tagging
Tagged cases/inner packs/pallets –
Collaborate with Customer
Manufacturing PackagingManufacturer’s
WarehouseTransportation
Customer Distribution Center
Store Backroom
StoreShelf
The time factor plays a key role in the process of getting a product from the manufacturer to the point of sale because time is money
RFID technology significantly increases the efficiency of this process chain.
With RFID data are transferred without physical contact.
Global Standardization
Security concerns
Privacy Issues
Counterfeiting
