team c jal az-zor field trip report trip date: 15-march 2004 exploration team management workshop

Team C

Jal Az-Zor Field Trip ReportTrip Date: 15-March 2004

Exploration Team Management Workshop

Shaded Relief Map Of Kuwait

This Map show 3 main main Features

1. Wadi Al-Batin

2. Jal Az-Zor

3. Burgan Arch

Burgan Arch

Wadi Al-Batin

Jal Az-Zor

Wadi Al-Batin is an extension of anceint river coming from Arabia, and in the next page there are some evidence of this theory and Jal Az-Zor is ascarpment where the eastern flank has beenerode, and we have an explanation fro that also in the next pages

Jal Az-Zor Field Trip Report 15-March 2004

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Evidence of Ancient Floods in the Heart of Saudi Arabia

A 10,000 square mile satelite photo of the central Saudi-Arabian peninsula northeast of Riyadh reveals an ancient river bed. The brilliant yellow-orange of the desert sands and the blue indicating limestone shows a jagged seam concealed by sand dunes. Geologists had long realized that pebbles of granite and basalt are abundant throughout Kuwait but are not indigenous to the area. The richest source lies in the Hijaz Mountains, about 650 miles to the west, in Saudi-Arabia. Trying to understand how the pebbles reached Kuwait, Boston University scientist Farouk El-Baz studied this satelite photo. His work proofs that Arabia has experienced significant floods in the ancient past making the scenario of the Hyksos leaving that area of their origin plausible. [Biblical Archaeology Review, Jul/Aug 1996, p. 52]


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S1

S2

S3


The Trip program

4

Tertiary Formations


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Fawn medium to very coarse grained gritty pebbly cross-bedded sandstone with spares carbonate and gypsum cement; pebbles of quartzite and fine-grained igneous rock-types.

Talus-no exposure

Off white to fawn medium to coarse-grained pebbly sandstone showing facies changes along bed. At base- lenses of fine to medium-grained even-grained clean washed sandstone. Main part is of medium to coarse grained pebbly calcareous sandstone with lamellibranches, gastropods and minor coral fragments. Pebbles at top are tabular of sandy chalky limestone upper part is of pebbly sandstone, pebbles of quartzite and igneous rocks with irregular probably disconformable basal contact. Beds of chalky limestone nodules set in greenish-gray sandstone and fractured red claystone

Thin-bedded red-off-white calcareous sandstone

Thinly interbedded greenish-gray silty gypsiferous sand and red silty claystone with recrystalized gypsum as veins and septa

Greenish –gray silty slightly gypsiferous sand

Medium to fine-grained off-white well sorted sand and barely cemented sandstone: grains of quartz with 5-10 percent feldspar, trace opaque mineral local nodular patches with chalky carbonate cement and numerous small lamellibranches and gastropods; local yellowish color banding; fractures with carbonate filling toward top.

Red fissile claystone with recrystalized gypsum

White well sorted medium-grained sand. Medium to coarse-grained sandstone with sparse pebbles and fine –grained silty sand

Red silty gypsiferous clay-discontinuous

Greenish-gray medium-grained silty sand with gritty lenses

Outwash- no exposure

Thinly bedded red; yellow and off-white limestone; lower part is sandy, contains pebbles, nodules of chalky limestone, upper part lacks sand and has bedding planes crowded with clausinella sp

Yellow, speckled and mottled orange and black, clayey sand-somewhat gypsiferous

Gray-weathered fawn localy red medium, even grained sandstone with gypsum cement; slightly feldspathic, locally cross-bedded with intercalation of un-cemented sand and small rounded pebbles of red clay

Area Cross-Section

Dibdibah

Fars


Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

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Observations in Site 1:

•The Jal Az-Zor escarpment formed because of the eroded happen to the east flank done by water of Arabian Gulf (Pic.1).

•The key lithological feature of the escarpment is coarse grained pebbly calcareous sandstone to limestone and clay pebbles forming Dibdibah and lower Fars formations (P.3 & 4)

•This unit did not extend farther toward the southern side of the escarpment.

•This unit looks like trough on the seismic interpretation (because the waves travel from low velocity to high velocity), we can easy find the contact between these two formation and it is also represent agood seismic reflector (Pic.5)

S1

Pic. 4Pic. 3

Pic. 2Pic. 1

Pic. 5


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Observations in Site 2: • Thinly bedded red; yellow and off-white limestone; lower part is sandy, contains pebbles, nodules of chalky limestone, upper part lacks sand(P.2-4)

• Also in The second part of this site wen saw a large population of joints and different oreintations.

• Salman studeid this in 1979 and came up with 2 main oreintations.

S2

Pic. 4Pic. 3

Pic. 2Pic. 1

Pic. 6


Pic. 7

Regional stress field indicators from Jal

Az-Zor outcrop Tertiary section (After

Salman, 1979)

Tertiary Joints trend

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Joints trend variations:

The variations in trends which have been observed in The Escarpment could be due to one or more of the followings reasons:

• Multi-modal data sets

-more than one set of fault trends

- orthogonal and conjugate fracture sets

• Stresses associated with local wrench / strike-slip movements

• Variations in lithologies with differing elastic/rock mechanic properties

• Local modifications in the stress field adjacent to larger regional structural elements.

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Observations in Site 3:

Dibdibah Deposites

• Fawn medium to very coarse grained gritty pebbly cross-bedded sandstone with spares carbonate and gypsum cement; pebbles of quartzite and fine-grained igneous rock-types

• In this sit we saw 3 clear graded bedding cycles, with well rounded pebbles of igneous rocks ( long transportation from the Arabian Shield) in the base and getting finer upward

• This section is the top section of the Escarpments

S3

Pic. 3

Pic. 2Pic. 1


Cycle 2

Cycle 1

Cycle 2

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8 4 9 ,0 0 08 2 9 ,0 0 08 0 9 ,0 0 07 8 9 ,0 0 07 6 9 ,0 0 07 4 9 ,0 0 07 2 9 ,0 0 07 0 9 ,0 0 06 8 9 ,0 0 06 6 9 ,0 0 06 4 9 ,0 0 0

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METERS 0 10000 20000 METERS1:50000

KOCKUWAIT

RUSStructure Depth Map

SCALE 1:50000 DRAW N Team C DATE 10 -MAR -2004

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8 4 9 ,0 0 08 2 9 ,0 0 08 0 9 ,0 0 07 8 9 ,0 0 07 6 9 ,0 0 07 4 9 ,0 0 07 2 9 ,0 0 07 0 9 ,0 0 06 8 9 ,0 0 06 6 9 ,0 0 06 4 9 ,0 0 0

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METERS 0 10000 20000 METERS

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KOCKUWAIT

RUSStructure Depth Map

SCALE 1:50000 DRAW N Team C DATE 10 -MAR -2004

DRAWI NG

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ExplanationFrom the Rus structural Map we think that dibdiba basin deposites was affected by the structure of Rus which we see plunging to the north of Kuwait Bay, and that is obvious also from the change of the depostes direction coming through Wadi Al-Batin.

But also we think that the elongation of the escarpments is also a result of a deep fault and we can see that obvious from the satellite images and also that is clear for Bubian Island.

Anyway, we think that a full structural understanding of this area need more study and more than one day visit.

Rus Structure Map

Sketch and Explanation of the Jal Az-Zor Escarpment and this is our personal

opinion

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Dibdibah deposits

Dibdibah deposits

Fars

Fars

beforebefore

beforebefore

after

Ghar

Ghar

Jal Az-Zor Field Trip Report 15-March 2004Sketch and Explanation of the Jal Az-Zor

Escarpment and this is our personal opinion

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الزور جال

14

لدولة السطحية االرتفاعات خريطة الكويت

ارتفاع اعلى منخفض

الباطن وادي

الزور جال

15

الباطن وادي مرتفعات

team c jal az-zor field trip report trip date: 15-march 2004 exploration team management workshop

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