Transforming Music TeachingVia Technology

Dr. William I. BauerDr. William I. BauerCase Western Reserve UniversityCase Western Reserve University

Overview Our charge The Tanglewood Declaration’s statement about

technology The importance of teachers What teachers need to know and be able to do Teacher professional development & music

technology Discussion

Tanglewood II

Where have we beenand what has beenthe effect ofTanglewood I onmusic education inthe U.S.?

The Tanglewood Declaration

“Developments ineducational technology,educational television,programmed instruction,and computer-assistedinstruction should beapplied to music studyand research.”

Transforming Music TeachingVia Technology The key ingredient in any music classroom for

student learning is the teacher. What knowledge, skills, and dispositions related

to music instructional technology are necessaryfor music teachers to transform their teachingand their students’ learning via technology?

A number of individuals and organizations haveespoused an opinion.

Frameworks for DevelopingTechnology Competencies Deal and Taylor - 1997 Music Educators

Journal article Music majors need training in:

the basics of computers (file management, operatingsystems, databases, spreadsheets, etc.)

computer-based instruction and available software notation and sequencing programs; MIDI multimedia hardware and software; courseware

development Internet accompaniment software

Frameworks for DevelopingTechnology Competencies Technology Institute for Music Educators Areas of Competency

[http://www.ti-me.org/timeareas.html] 1. Electronic Musical Instruments 2. Music Production 3. Music Notation Software 4. Technology-Assisted Learning 5. Multimedia 6. Productivity Tools, Classroom and Lab

Management

National Association of Schoolsof Music (NASM) [2007-2008 Handbook, p. 97]

“Students mustacquire the ability touse technologiescurrent to their areaof specialization.”

Frameworks for DevelopingTechnology Competencies

National Council for theAccreditation of TeacherEducation

NCATE has aligned itselfwith ISTE (InternationalSociety for Technology inEducation)

Several of the NCATEstandards referspecifically to technologyrequirements

Frameworks for DevelopingTechnology Competencies “COMMITMENT TO TECHNOLOGY: The unit’s

conceptual framework(s) reflects the unit’scommitment to preparing candidates who areable to use educational technology to help allstudents learn; it also provides a conceptualunderstanding of how knowledge, skills, anddispositions related to educational andinformation technology are integratedthroughout the curriculum, instruction, fieldexperiences, clinical practice, assessments,and evaluations.” (NCATE Unit Standards,2006). [http://www.ncate.org/public/unitStandardsRubrics.asp?ch=4#concept]

Frameworks for DevelopingTechnology Competencies International Society for

Technology in Education National Educational

Technology Standards forStudents (NETS-S)

National EducationalTechnology Standards forTeachers (NETS-T)

National EducationalTechnology Standards forAdministrators (NETS-A)

NETS-T I. Technology

Operations andConcepts

II. Planning andDesigning LearningEnvironments andExperiences

III. Teaching,Learning, and theCurriculum

IV. Assessment andEvaluation

V. Productivity andProfessional Practice

VI. Social, Ethical,Legal, and HumanIssues

NETS-T and Music Teachers

Walls, K., Bauer, W. I., andRichmond, F. (2005).Standards of the InternationalSociety for Technology inEducation. In F. Richmond(Ed.), Technology strategiesfor music education (2nd ed.)(pp. 23-30). Milwaukee, WI:Hal Leonard.

Bauer, W. I. (2005). Musiceducation and technology:What should teachers know?Wisconsin School Musician,75(3), 16-17, 19.

Transforming Music TeachingVia Technology As we move forward, the music education

profession should be part of the largereducational community wheneverpossible.

The NETS-T standards are applicable tomusic teachers.

How do teachers develop thesecompetencies?

Transforming Music TeachingVia Technology Two types of teacher learning are

applicablePre-service music teacher educationIn-service music teacher education =

professional development

Professional Development(AERA Review of Research) Teacher professional development had a better

chance to create an impact on the practices ofteachers in the classroom and their students’achievement when it was subject-specific andfocused on: student learning instructional practices, and the development of teachers’ understanding of content in

their discipline.

Professional development also was found to be moreeffective when it was aligned with the classroomenvironment where students were taught.

Professional Development(AERA Review of Research) In addition, professional development appeared to

result in improved teaching and learning when it wasconncected to: authentic curricular materials district and state academic standards the actual assessment instruments and processes that were

used to measure student achievement.

Finally, it was noted that more time spent onprofessional development lead to greater change inteacher practice; yet often teachers spend verylimited time engaged in professional developmentactivities.

Professional Development inMusic Instructional Technology

Bauer, W. I., Reese,S., & McAllister, P. A.(2003). Transformingmusic teaching viatechnology: The roleof professionaldevelopment. Journalof Research in MusicEducation, 51(4),289-301.

Professional Development -JRME Study Following a one-week (30 hour) workshop on

music instructional technology, 3 indicators ofeffectiveness - teacher knowledge, teachercomfort, and frequency of teacher use -significantly improved.

Furthermore, 9-10 months later, theseindicators of effectiveness all remainedsignificantly higher than they were prior to thetraining.

Moving Forward

To truly establish theconditions where musictechnology can transformthe music teaching/learningprocess, teachers needopportunities for high qualityprofessional developmentthat is designed aroundresearch-based principlesand targets the knowledge,skills, and dispositionsnecessary for success.

Discussion