table of contents introduction to atoms organizing the elements metals nonmetals and metalloids...
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Table of Contents
Introduction to Atoms
Organizing the Elements
Metals
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Radioactive Elements
Elements and the Periodic Table
Dalton’s ModelDalton thought that atoms were smooth, hard balls.
Introduction to Atoms
Thomson’s ModelThomson suggested that atoms had negatively charged electrons set in a positive sphere. Each electron is represented by the symbol e−.
Introduction to Atoms
Rutherford’s Gold Foil ExperimentRutherford was surprised that a few particles were deflected strongly. Which are the paths of the particles that were not predicted by Thomson’s atomic model?
Introduction to Atoms
Rutherford’s ModelAccording to Rutherford’s model, an atom was mostly open space. The “6+” in the model means that there are six protons in the nucleus.
Introduction to Atoms
Use the diagrams to compare the expected and observed results of Rutherford’s gold foil experiment.
Introduction to Atoms
Bohr’s ModelNiels Bohr suggested that electrons move in specific orbits around the nucleus of an atom.
Introduction to Atoms
Introduction to Atoms
Cloud ModelElectrons move rapidly in different directions around the nucleus.
Introduction to Atoms
Modern Model of an AtomA carbon atom has a nucleus made up of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons. The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
Particles in an AtomAn atom is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. What is the correct charge for each atomic particle?
Introduction to Atoms
Isotopes of CarbonAll isotopes of carbon contain 6 protons. They differ in the number of neutrons. What is the missing information for each isotope?
Introduction to Atoms
Mendeleev’s Periodic TableIn his periodic table, Mendeleev left blank spaces. He predicted that the blank spaces would be filled by elements that had not yet been discovered. He even correctly predicted the properties of those new elements.
Organizing the Elements
SiliconThe entry for silicon (Si) in the periodic table looks like this.
Organizing the Elements
PotassiumPotassium has an atomic number of 19 and an atomic mass of 39.098 amu. Bananas are rich in potassium.
Organizing the Elements
The Periodic TableThe periodic table is one of the most valuable tools to a chemist.
Organizing the Elements
Elements of Period 3The properties of the Period 3 elements change as you move across the period. Which of these are Metal? Metalloid? Nonmetal?
Organizing the Elements
Element Scramble
Organizing the Elements
Elements of Group 10The elements of Group 10 include nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), and darmstadtium (Ds).
Organizing the Elements
Recycling Metals Recycling helps conserve energy and reduces the amount of waste in landfills.
Metals
MetalsMany of the objects around you contain metals. What are the objects that will set off the metal detector?
Metals
Classifying Metals Where are the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals on the periodic table?
Metals
Melting Points in a Group of ElementsThe graph shows the melting points of the Group 1 elements, or the alkali metals.
Metals
Classifying MetalsWhere are the transition metals and the lanthanides and actinides on the periodic table?
Metals
Properties of Metals and NonmetalsWhat are the properties of metals and nonmetals?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
The Families Containing Nonmetals
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Classifying NonmetalsWhere are the nonmetals in Group 14 and Group 15 on the periodic table?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Classifying NonmetalsWhere are the nonmetals in Group 16 and Group 17 on the periodic table?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Classifying NonmetalsWhere are the noble gases and hydrogen on the periodic table?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Classifying MetalloidsWhere are the metalloids on the periodic table?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Portion of the Periodic TableWhat are the chemical symbols of the nonmetals? How are the remaining elements classified?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Alien Periodic TableWhere do the alien names go on the periodic table?
Nonmetals and Metalloids
Radioactive Elements
Trying to Turn Lead Into GoldWhat are the points in Lucy's argument?
Radioactive DecayRadioactive elements give off particles and energy during radioactive decay. What is the change (if any) that occurs in an unstable nucleus during each form of radioactive decay?
Radioactive Elements
The Effects of Nuclear RadiationThe three main types of nuclear radiation vary in their ability to penetrate materials. Use the key to complete the paths of the alpha particle, beta particle, and gamma ray emitted by the radioactive sample.
Radioactive Elements
Half-Lives of Some Radioactive Isotopes
Radioactive Elements
Radioactive Elements
Radioactive TracersPhosphorus-32 added to soil is absorbed through a plant’s roots. The tracer can be detected in any plant structures in which phosphorus is used. What is happening in each figure?