This Project is funded by the European Union

SWIM and Horizon 2020 Support Mechanism Working for a Sustainable Mediterranean, Caring for our Future

Presented by:

Dr. Ahmed Gaber, Professor of Chemical Engineering, Cairo University

and Chairman, Chemonics Egypt Consulting

Leachate Management Training Program

June 25th-29th, 2018, Beirut, Lebanon

Leachate projects: critical success factors

Lecture 15

Outline

• Components of Project Success

• Component#1: Success Criteria

• Component#2: Success Factors

• Analysis of Critical Success Factors as Applied to a Leachate Project Life Cycle

• Annex: Definitions

Components of Project Success

Component#1- Success Criteria:

The dependent variables by which we will judge the successful outcome of the project

Component#2-Success Factors:

The independent variables which will influence the successful achievement of the success criteria

Component#1: Success Criteria of a Leachate Management Project

• Project achieve the three fundamental success factors: cost-quality-time

• Project provides the desired performance

• Project assets works as expected

• Project asset is easy to operate

• Project operation team has satisfactory experience working on the project, and it meets their needs

Component#1: Success criteria of leachate management projects: treatment technology perspective

Source: EnviCare Engineering GmbH, Intensive Course on Leachate Treatment, Lisbon, October 2011

Component#2 Critical Success Factors: Conceptual Model for construction Projects

Source: Gudiene,N. et al, Development of a Conceptual Critical Success Factors Model for Construction projects: a Case from Lithuania, Pocedia Engineering, 57, 2013

Component#2: Success Factors of a Leachate Management Project: project life cycle perspective

Source: Turner, J. R., The handbook of Project-Based Management, McGraw Hill, 2009

Component#2 Success factors: project control perspective

Source: Turner, J. R., The handbook of Project-Based Management, McGraw Hill, 2009

Component#2: Treatment technology selection as a critical success factor

• Characterization of the treatment task is the critical step in treatment process selection

• Leachate treatment task is site specific. Depends on leachate flow, physical and chemical characteristics

• Selection criteria should be defined, relative weights should be specified

• `Three step- selection process might apply: • long list of treatment options

• short list of viable options

• Selection of a most appropriate treatment process

• The following tables are illustrative:

Treatment Processes- Comparisons

Source: New leachate treatment methods Jude Ifeanyichukwu Madu, Sweden, 2008

Source: ISWA landfill Training Workshop, ISWA’15 World Congress Antwerp, September 2015

Leachate Treatment Processes Efficiency

Aerobic Treatment Processes Comparisons

Source: Cooper, I.A.,CEC, Overview of leachate treatment technologies, May 2016

Source: Cooper, I.A.,CEC, Overview of leachate treatment technologies, May 2016

Leachate Disposal Cost Comparisons • Alternatives built on

combination of technologies

• Very site dependent, sewer or direct discharge/residual management

• Cost from various sources

Leachate treatment plants CAPEX and OPEX, another source Chiang, Patel and Associates, Inc. has develop capital, and operation and maintenance cost estimates for various treatment processes applicable to leachate treatment. These costs are developed for three average flows: 20, 75 and 380 L/min. Several simplifying assumptions have been made to estimate the costs. The capital, operation and maintenance costs of many treatment processes.

Source: Yu, Dong, landfill Leachate Treatment Case Study, SRV Atervinning, Sweden, 2007

Analysis of Critical Success Factors as Applied to Leachate Project Life Cycle

Project life cycle

Planning Execution Operation

P1 P3 P2

Project life cycle, extended

Planning Execution Operation Possible future developments

P1 P3 P2 P4

Project execution stages

Tender preparation

Tendering and contracting

Construction Commissioning

and start-up Handing-over

P2.1 P2.5 P2.4 P2.3 P2.2

It is a continuum

Level of control over the ultimate project quality

Planning stage

Design stage

Tendering & cont’ng

Construt-ion stage

Handing over

O&M

P1. Leachate projects planning stage

• Project Context • New sanitary landfill • Existing sanitary landfill

• Major Planning Decisions • Site acquisition and

characteristics • On-site vs. off-site treatment • Leachate recirculation vs.

treatment • Project delivery method (PDM) • Project finance

• Environmental Considerations

• Economic Considerations

Critical Success Factors • Effective stakeholders

involvement • Good understanding of the

selected PDM • Agreed-upon schedule

To Remember:

Quality starts HERE!

P2.1 Tender Preparation

Procurement the services of a consultant

• Pre-qualification of consultants

• Preparation of the TOR for consultants

• Tendering among pre-qualified consultants

• Contracting with the successful bidder

Managing the consultant

Critical Success Factors • Well written scope

• Selection criteria

• Ability to manage the consulting contract

• Effective review and approval process of the draft tender

To Remember: Avoidance of future disputes and variation orders starts HERE !

P2.2 Tendering and Contracting

Contracting process

• Governing law

• Bidding documents are well prepared, reviewed and approved

• General conditions

• Technical specifications

• Design drawings

• Model contract

• Site survey/geotechnical

Critical Success Factors • Transparency

• Effective participation of the stakeholders

• Making sure that the site is ready for handover to the successful bidder

To Remember: Selection of a qualified contractor makes the difference !

P2.3 Construction

• Site hand-over

• Contractor on track

• CM/CS consultant on track

• Client fulfills his obligations

Critical Success Factors • Effective CS/CM • Effective project schedule

control

• Effective project quality planning and control

To Remember:

Training of client staff during the construction phase

P2.4 Commissioning and Start-Up

• Commissioning process starts on –time

• Commissioning process is supervised by the CS/CM consultant

• Start-up on time

Success factors: • Effective CM/CS • Client staff are ready and

involved during the commissioning/start up phase

To Remember: In performance-based contracts, the tender documents shall define the parameters to be measured, method of measurements and liquidated damage due to deviation from target performance

P2.5 Handing-Over

• Contractor is ready for hand-over

• Client is ready for hand-over

• Handing-over procedures are well understood by client and contractor

Success factors: Handing over is done on-time without disputes

To Remember: • As-built drawings

• Recommended list of spare parts as per contract

P3. Operation & Maintenance

• O&M is done within a frame of utility management

• O&M activities are implemented as per a well prepared and approved annual “Plan”

• The plan defines “what” to be done, “how”, “by whom”, “when” and at “what cost”

Critical Success factors Applying utility management system as per guidelines

To Remember:

• Monitoring of possible environmental impacts

• Monitor facility operation performance indicators

• Understand the value of applying “ASSET MANAGEMENT”

Annex: Definitions

Source: Bjarnason, E., Critical Success Factors for Planning, Scheduling and Control in Design and Construction, Thesis, Reykjavik University, June 2015