sustainable city | 2011 proto-architecture | tku 4th design studio |

Sustainable CityS.Yuan Wang / H^2K

2011 / 06 / 11 / Dept. of Architecture, Tamkang University

The Sustainable City / S.Yuan Wang / H^2KDept. of Architecture, Tamkang University

01/ Abstract. > 02/ Research. > 03/ Method. > 04/ Model. > 05/ Experiments. > 06/ Conclusion.


01/ Abstract.This is a case that attempt to �nd a state of sustainable city.

First we read the Chapter VI ─ Unsustainable City in Unruly Cites ? : Order / Disorder. We started to think about the city's development really can not be sustained? If a sustainable city will be what kind of composition?

According to Unruly Cites ? : Order / Disorder, we sum up one of the major reasons for the sustainable from that whether to strike a balance between the city and nature. Therefore, our whole logical structure in balancing the values of Nature / City / Hinterland. We classi�ed the elements of urban operations : Population / Resources / Energy / Tra�c / Waste, we would like to get the value and ratio of these elements, and the relationship that they a�ect the con�guration between Nature / City / Hinterland. We also set the control points : Population Density / Tra�c / Energy Station / Waste Disposal to observe and make di�erent adjustments by this case.

The value of this case is not only review the composition of the city now, but also provide a way for decision-makers to judge. To understand if you want to get what kind of results that will sacri�ce a part of rights and interests of nature and city.

01/ Abstract. >>> 02/ Research. >>> 03/ Method. >>> 04/ Model. >>> 05/ Experiments. >>> 06/ Conclusion.


02/ Research.Unruly Cites ? : Order / DisorderChapter VI ─ Unsustainable City(p.247-298)

May the city sustain?



Cities generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation.

The concentration of development greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses, bene�ting both parties in the process. A big city or metropolis usually has associated suburbs and exurbs.

Once a city expands far enough to reach another city, this region can be deemed a conurbation or megalopolis.



Sustainability is the capacity to endure. In ecology, the word describes how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time.

For humans, sustainability is the potential for long-term maintenance of well being, which has environmental, economic, and social dimensions.



City expends the product of ecosphere, and returns the waste to there. Urban residents seem to be parted from their ”natural” environment. (although the city is a part of ecosphere.) There are not taken seriously between the city and nature.

It decided their sustainability by relations of city, society and ”natural” environment.





Population : 7,061,200Area : 1,104 km2Density : 6396 person per km2

UrbanPopulation : 8,711,000Area : 5,498 km2Density : 1584.4 person per km2

MetroPopulation : 9,461,105Area : 28,163.5 km2Density : 336 person per km2

Chicago - SuburbHong Kong

4.2 Pattern of sustainable city (p.280-284)

Changing useing of land is a way to reduce mobility. So there is one theory advocates squeezing city, creating a close city.

Hong Kong is a model of close cities, the environment has been declared as a model for pattern of sustainable city.(90% of people rely on public transportation.)


Population : 7,061,200Area : 1,104 km2Density : 6396 person per km2

UrbanPopulation : 8,711,000Area : 5,498 km2Density : 1584.4 person per km2

MetroPopulation : 9,461,105Area : 28,163.5 km2Density : 336 person per km2

Chicago - SuburbHong Kong




03/ Method.We studied sustainability and di�erent types of cities in the research, so we have two major projects to discuss in the method : 1. The elements of urban composition and the structures for their relationship.

2. To organize the data of elements and put it into the rules of the program.



PremiseWe simplify the relationship between Nature / City / Hinterland into a inorganic state.

That way we will see the relationship between Population / Resources / Energy / Tra�c / Waste clearly and the in�uence of these elements because of the management from di�erent parameters: Population Density / Tra�c / Energy Station / Waste Disposal.


Nature / City / Hinterland

Population / Resources / Waste / Energy

Population Density / Tra�c / Energy Station / Waste Disposal






Ecosphere = Nature(no resources) + City + Hinterland(resources)







Constant : 1 person : 986 kg : 730 kg : 900kW·h per-year



Parameter


Constant : 1 person : 986 kg : 730 kg : 275kW·h per-year







+ Ecosystem = Nature(no resources) + City + Hinterland(resources)

Resources + Waste = Hinterland City = Population + Tra�c

Waste

Resources

Tra�c

EnergyWaste



+ Constant = Population / Resources / Waste / Energy

The average of waste : 730kg Recyclable : 511kg Irrecoverable : 219kg

The average of Resources : 986kg Food consumption : 548kg Material consumption : 438kg

The average of energy consumption : 900kW·h

person/year


Waste

Resources

Tra�c

EnergyWaste



+ Parameter = Population Density / Tra�c / Energy Station / Waste Disposal

Population DensityWaste Disposal


Waste

Resources

Tra�c

EnergyWaste



+ Nature

- CO2 / 1km2 / 3,650kg / 1 year

+ City

10,000 people / 1km2

+ Hinterland

Resources / 1km2 / 500,000kg / 1 yearWaste / 1km2 / 205,600,000kg / 80 years



Population Density

Population

Tra�c

/ Energy Clean Power : Unclean Power

Woods- CO2 / 1km2 / 3,650kg / 1 year Resources

1km2 / 500,000kg / 1 year/ Waste 1km2 / 205,600,000kg / 80 years

+ City = Population

+ Nature = Energy Station + Woods

+ Hinterland = Resources + Waste



Population Density

Population

Tra�c


Woods- CO2 / 1km2 / 3,650kg / 1 year

Clean Power10,000 people / 0.437km2 / 9,000,000kW•h / 1 year

Unclean Power10,000 people / 0.001km2 / 9,000,000kW•h / 1 year

Resources1km2 / 500,000kg / 1 year

/ Waste 1km2 / 205,600,000kg / 80 years

Waste Disposal

Energy / 1 person / 900kW•h / 1 year

CO2 / 1 person / 3,500kg / 1 year

Resources / 1 person / 986kg / 1 year

Waste / 1 person / 730kg / 1 year

Ecosystem = Nature + City + Hinterland

+ City = Population



CO2 / 10,000 people / 9,000,000kW•h / 891,000km2 / 1 year



Population Density

Population

Tra�c






/ Waste 1km2 / 205,600,000kg / 80 years

Waste Disposal





+ City = Population





10,000 people / 1km2



Population Density

Population

Tra�c






/ Waste 1km2 / 205,600,000kg / 80 years

Waste Disposal





+ City = Population







06/ Conclusion.The purpose of this case is not going to decide what the sustainable city will be, but let people can understand what kind of choice that will pay.

We set many parameters: Population Density / Tra�c / Energy Station / Waste Disposal, so there are many kinds of possibility to balance between Nature / City / Hinterland and can see what we lose then can get. For example: to economize on Energy so increase the Population Density, but also sacri�ce the quality of living.

Therefore, the compare between the ratio of those di�erent parameters and the patterns is more interesting and valuable in this program.

sustainable city | 2011 proto-architecture | tku 4th design studio |

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