sustainability - scion...project name: environmental sustainability assessment comparing through the...
TRANSCRIPT
1
Sustainability
Polymer production
Processing Use End-of-LifeRaw material production
2
Agenda
1
2
3
5
Introduction to sustainability and life cycle assessment
Status quo bioplastics
Current activity on EU-Level
Summary & Outlook
4 Potential of bioplastics on global scale
3
environmental social
economic
sustainable
What is sustainability?
4
+ +
Social
Social Life Cycle
Assessment
Economic
Life Cycle
EconomicsLife Cycle
Assessment
Environmental
Life
Cycle
Sustainability
Assessment
LCA SLCA LCELCSA =
So
urc
e: B
iNa
20
17
How can sustainability be measured?
5
Environmental
Climate change
Ressource depletion
Toxicity
Acidification
Eutrophication
Ozone buildingpotential
Water use
Land use
Biodiversity
Social
Equal treatment
Freedom of opinion
Forced/ child labour
Freedom of assembly
Payment
Social benefits
Safety at work
Migration
Safety of consumers
Skill level
Economic
Cost
Price
Added value
Impact category
So
urc
e: B
iNa
20
17
How can sustainability be measured?
6
Agenda
1
2
3
5
Introduction to sustainability and life cycle assessment
Status quo bioplastics
Current activity on EU-Level
Summary & Outlook
4 Potential of bioplastics on global scale
7
Social EconomicEnvironmental
➢ Which standards/guide lines?
▪ 2 product category rules for (fossil)
plastics
(Eco Profiles / UN CPC 347)
▪ DIN 16760 biobased products
➢ Which LCA results?
▪ 132 LCAs – 29 quantifiable
➢ Which standards/guide lines?
UNEP/SETAC „Guidelines for social
life cycle assessment of products“
➢ Which results?
▪ 1 S-LCA / no LCC
▪ 5 S-LCA/5 LCC for biofuels
Which information on sustainability of bioplastics
are available?
8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Nu
mb
er
of
pu
blicati
on
s
LCA publications of Biopolymers (∑ 132)
So
urc
e: B
iNa
20
17
Which information on environmental sustainability
of bioplastics are available?
9
So
urc
e: B
iNa
20
17
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
PTT
Bio- PBS
Bio- PVC
Bio- PP
Bio- PE
Starch plastic
Bio- PET
Bio- PA
PHA/PHB
TPC
PLA
Number of publications
Groups of Biopolymers
n (number of studies) = 290 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
PTT
Bio- PBS
Bio- PVC
Bio- PP
Bio- PE
Starch plastic
Bio- PET
Bio- PA
PHA/PHB
TPC
PLA
Number of publications
Groups of Biopolymers
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
PTT
Bio- PBS
Bio- PVC
Bio- PP
Bio- PE
Starch plastic
Bio- PET
Bio- PA
PHA/PHB
TPC
PLA
Number of publications
Groups of Biopolymers
Which information on environmental sustainability
of bioplastics are available?
10
0 10 20 30 40
Water consumption (WC)
Ozon depletion potential (ODP)
Human toxicity (HT)
Photochemical ozone creationpotential (POCP)
Land use (LU)
Eutrophication potential (EP)
Primary energy demand (PED)
Acidification potential (AP)
Non-renewable energy use (NREU)
Global warming potential (GWP)
Number of publications
Imp
ac
t c
ate
go
rie
s
Frequency of impact categories
So
urc
e: B
iNa
20
17
Which information on environmental sustainability
of bioplastics are available?
11
n = number of studies
So
urc
e: B
iNa
20
17
pla
sti
cWhich information on environmental sustainability
of bioplastics are available?
12
Comparison of PE and Bio-PE (Cradle-to-Gate)
Impact category Fossil-based
Polyethylene (PE)1
Bio-based
Polyethylene (Bio-PE)2
Global Warming Potential
Abiotic Resource
Depletion
Acidification Potential
Eutrophication potential
Land use
Ozone creation potential
So
urc
e: 1
: P
lasticsE
uro
pe
, 2
: B
iNa
13
Polymer production
Processing Use End-of-LifeRaw material production
?
Bio vs. Fossil
14
Mechanical Recycling
Chemical Recycling / Anaerobic digestion
Aerobic / Anaerobic digestion / Energy recovery
Re-Use
Processing End-of-LifeUseRaw
material
production
Polymer
production
End-of-Life of bioplastics
15
-1
-0,5
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
Glo
bal W
arm
ing
Pote
ntial
(kg
CO
2-e
q./kg
PL
A)
no credit credit
Impacts of End-of-Life (no credits/credits)
GWP for PLA
16
Agenda
1
2
3
5
Introduction to sustainability and life cycle assessment
Status quo bioplastics
Current activity on EU-Level
Summary & Outlook
4 Potential of bioplastics on global scale
17
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of alternative
feedstock for plastic production
(EU Joint Research Center)
Project name: Environmental sustainability assessment comparing through the
means of life-cycle assessment the potential environmental impacts of the use of
alternative feedstocks (biomass, recycled plastics, CO2) for plastic articles in
comparison to using current feedstocks (oil and gas). Fossil vs Bio.
Goals:
❖ Meta-analysis of literature
❖ Development of a draft method for comparative assessment
❖ Testing of draft method in 5 screening case studies
❖ Technical stakeholder cosultation
❖ Finalization of method and 10 full LCA case studies on specific plastic
articles.
18
Agenda
1
2
3
5
Introduction to sustainability and life cycle assessment
Status quo bioplastics
Current activity on EU-Level
Summary & Outlook
4 Potential of bioplastics on global scale
19
Publication:
Bio-based plastics -
A review of environmental,
social and economic impact
assessments
Journal of Cleaner Production
What contribution can bio-based plastics make to
the reduction of greenhouse gases?
20
What contribution can bio-based plastics make to
the reduction of greenhouse gases?
21
Separate values for single bio-based plastics
What contribution can bio-based plastics make to
the reduction of greenhouse gases?
22
Agenda
1
2
3
5
Introduction to sustainability and life cycle assessment
Status quo bioplastics
Current activity on EU-Level
Summary & Outlook
4 Potential of bioplastics on global scale
23
Summary and Outlook
❖ Increasing information on LCA of bio-based plastic
❖ Not all environmental impact categories covered, focus on GWP
❖ Assumptions and frameworks differ
❖ High range of fluctuation with regards to the values
❖ No common approach/method/data collection (like PlasticsEurope)
❖ Developments on EU level will hopefully improve the comparison of biobased
and conventional plastics
❖ Bioplastics can have a certain role in reduction of GWP (keep limited use of
fossil ressources for conventional plastics in mind)